Electric forklift electric forklift operations, most of the batteries work. The battery is a battery, its role is to be able to limited energy stored up in the right place. It works chemical energy into electricity. Forklift truck attachments
Structural characteristics and development of the market on sales of large four-wheel electric balance forklift
1, body
  The body is the main structure of the forklift are generally made by more than 5mm steel plate, which is characterized by beam, high strength body can withstand overload. The battery placement on the forklift body, there are two different manufacturing technology, battery placed between the front and rear axles or above the rear axle. These two technologies represent the optimal choice of the two kinds of forklift design, and the advantages and disadvantages, good stability, but the car body can use less space, thus limiting the capacity of the battery, for the load of no more than 3t The forklift is not prominent, but the complexity of the situation for those sports 8h working hours, the battery capacity requires high tonnage forklift became serious.
  Large-capacity battery to extend the time of the continuing work of the electric forklift, thereby expanding the scope of the use of electric forklift, which is the common goal of each forklift manufacturer. Second case, when the battery is arranged in the forklift after the bridge when the center of gravity of the forklift to improve the machine stability affected, due to the high degree of increase of the forklift, the driver\\ s seat to improve, and thus the driver when operating a broader perspective, especially is even more applicable when handling a large volume of goods. When the battery is placed in the bridge, the motor and pump maintenance is more convenient, and removed the battery and pedal, the motor and hydraulic pump is very clear. At present, domestic production of electric forklifts, mostly used is the second technology, and foreign enterprises both cases, there.
2, the door frame
  At present, most of the electric forklift at home and abroad have adopted a wide view mast, lifting hydraulic cylinder placed in the middle changed both sides of the placement. The placement of the hydraulic cylinder in two ways: a hydraulic cylinder is located behind the door frame; the other is a hydraulic cylinder in the door frame outside measurement. Door frame is generally divided into standard, two-or three-type. Domestic forklift lifting height is generally between 2 ~ 5m and 3m and 3m below the majority of foreign electric forklift lifting height of generally between 2 ~ 6m, due to the high degree of three-dimensional warehouse, lifting height of 3m or more, electric forklift demand is much higher than the domestic.
3, the cab
  Most electric forklifts for indoor handling, so generally do not have an enclosed cab, install only the protective effect of the overhead guard. Advanced electric forklift, the development of advanced ergonomic and comfortable hydraulic damping of the suspension seat can be adjusted according to the driver\\ s height and weight. Double pedal to accelerate forklift change direction without turning, the inclination of the steering wheel column can be adjusted according to the driver\\ s requirements. Hydraulic joystick set the door frame, lift front and rear in one. These new designs greatly reduce the labor intensity of the driver.
4, the drive system drive system is one of the key components of the electric forklift
  A variety of forklift there is a big difference in the structure of the drive system, single-motor arrangement in form there are also differences. The dual-motor drive, acceleration and climbing performance, traction, using the whole speed of the electronic system to replace the original mechanical differential system, the usability has been greatly improved.
5, the hydraulic system, electric forklift trucks are used to separate motor driven gear pump, and thus its lift and tilt of the gantry system to provide hydraulic power
  The domestic forklift, hydraulic motor speed control, hydraulic motor starts, the only high-speed rotation, does not automatically adjust with the change of function and pressure, the excess flow only through the relief valve back into the tank, resulting in energy waste. Advantage of new foreign forklift, electric forklift LINDE E20, using advanced technology of hydraulic impulse control, hydraulic pump pulse controller according to the reaction of the hydraulic circuit, self-balancing motor speed and fuel consumption, thereby saving energy such control high power efficiency, low non-peak voltage, the noise of the hydraulic system, low wear of hydraulic components, which greatly improves the vehicle\\ s reliability and service life.
6, the braking system
  General electric forklift with mechanical parking brake and hydraulic service brake. Stop using the hand brake, driving with a foot brake. NISSAN BX series electric forklift braking system equipped with a leading vacuum booster, to ensure that any time there are enough active pressure, both to increase braking safety, but also to reduce the driver\\ s labor intensity.
    The rapid development of electric forklift trucks mainly due to the continuous progress of the various manufacturers. Product shape mostly with a streamlined design, more beautiful shape. The major manufacturers to achieve the scale of production and specialized parts production and assembly line operations. Machining accuracy, degree of automation increased. New materials, new processes, the most important manifestation of transistor controller applications. It is the emergence of electric forklift use of performance has been greatly improved, generally speaking, the electric forklift durability, reliability and applicability have been significantly improved, fully compete with the internal combustion engine forklift.
     Electric forklift battery built-in is the battery. It should be noted are: the battery is best not to be placed horizontally! Because, within the cell is generally 22 to 28% sulfuric acid. Electrolyte of the battery is put can be submerged plate and left a little space if the battery was placed horizontally, then there will be part of the electrode plate is exposed to air, the battery plate is very unfavorable, and battery observation hole or The top of the battery has exhaust port to the outside world, so the battery is placed horizontally electrolyte is easy to outflow.
  Electric forklift driving safety, maintenance techniques, the process of production, storage and transportation of the modern enterprise, the role of electric forklifts have become increasingly prominent. All walks of life have gradually increased the demand for electric forklift. So, what issues should pay attention to the use of electric forklift? The Connaught electric forklift at runtime how to ensure safety and accuracy? How to reduce the electric forklift maintenance costs and improve its operating efficiency?
So many problems, Bethel forklift to tell you several ways:
  A test for the first time you want to wheel lift, so that even if there is a connection error, it does not produce dangerous.
  2, the charging of the battery must be charging circuit with chopper completely out of, because the overvoltage affect charger charging, the charger will damage the chopper.
  3, paying particular attention to the battery to the electronic control of the alignment should be parallel to the arrangement and should be as short as possible.
  4 vehicles in poor working conditions, ventilation difficult workplaces, it is recommended that the controller compulsory ventilation.
  5, when the turn does not slow down, the load increased when driving, forklift truck overload, in the tilt, the soft ground driving, the driver should be in operation to avoid these unsafe operations

In recent years, with the rise of the global cause of environmental protection, LED relying on high luminous efficiency, less power consumption, long life, safety and reliability, environmental protection and other features make the LED application development spurt. LED shine at the same time, the LED drive power LED industry chain development to protect the quality of the LED power supply directly restricts the reliability of LED products in China\\ s LED industry chain is gradually improving, the LED driver power supply maturity is also crucial.

      LED devices are sensitive semiconductor devices, but also has a negative temperature characteristic. Steady-state operation and protection need to be in the application process, resulting in the concept of the drive. LED devices on the drive power requirements almost harsh, the LED is unlike ordinary incandescent bulbs, can be connected directly to 220V AC power. LED is 2-3 volt low voltage, must be the design of complex conversion circuit, the LED lights of different uses, with different power adapter. LED driver power supply pressure to match the terms of demanding. The quality of the drive power is the key to efficient protection of the LED longevity.

       Foreign customers in the international market, the efficiency of the LED drive power conversion, the effective power, precision constant current, power life, electromagnetic compatibility requirements are very high, the design of a good power supply must be taken into account these factors, because the power in the entire lamp as important as the role is like the heart of the Elephant Man!

       Output value of LED application products in China has more than 45 billion yuan in 2008, the application of the demonstration and application of the LED street lights, LED full color display, solar LED landscape lighting, consumer electronics, backlighting, signals, instructions are still the main application areas, but in the domestic market a prosperous background, LED product quality varies greatly, chaotic drive power requirements, there is no uniform industry standard.

       Technology development trend in full swing in the domestic market, LED products, LED drive power requirements and challenges. In order to extend the service life of LED lights, the need to design a constant current source circuit powered, high current drive, to go with the high-power tube or SCR devices, plus a protection circuit, thus leading to the LED power supply circuit very complex, the failure rate increases. Component costs, production costs, service costs will rise. The cost of the LED itself, plus the cost of power, which greatly limit the competitiveness of LED products in the market and buying groups, the advantages of LED products compromised, and this is restricting the development and popularization of another key issue .

On the morning of the 27th, the two photoelectric enterprises from both sides of the strait during the 16th Cross-Strait machinery and electronics trade fairs, announced a partnership to set up the "LED optoelectronic integrated integration of cross-strait joint R & D center.

Founded in 2006, Xiamen Rieter letter Photoelectric Co., Ltd., is a well-known photoelectric enterprises in Xiamen. Since its establishment, the integration of a large number of human resources, technology, equipment, resources, and Fudan University, Zhongshan University, Xiamen University, many colleges and universities to establish a close cooperative relationship, a breakthrough in the field of LED lights. In 2011, Xiamen Rieter letter sales reached about 1 billion yuan.

Taiwan s Epistar Corporation is the world largest output, the output value of the top three LED chip companies, with approximately 1500 independent intellectual property rights and proprietary technology. In recent years, Epistar investment in factories in Fujian, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangdong and other places, and actively cooperate with the mainland enterprises, joint industrial technology research and development.

Xiamen Li Marsh Epistar two-year cooperation period, the two sides complement each other, formed a good relationship of cooperation. After consultations, the two sides on the 27th in Xiamen signed a contract to set up cross-strait joint R & D center of LED optoelectronic integrated integrated.

Under the cooperation program of the Joint Research Center, Xiamen established Marsh is expected to invest an additional 47.7 million yuan, Taiwan Epistar is expected to invest an additional NT $ 195 million yuan (equivalent to 41.2 million yuan) in the cold white light of HV-LED chip R & D, LED chips and LED package devices and LED lighting work life assessment system, Internet of Things radio control technology research in the field of cooperation.

Xiamen Municipal Science and Technology, Deputy Secretary Xu Pingdong in the signing ceremony of cooperation of two companies that, after the completion of the cross-strait joint R & D center will effectively integrate the advantages of cross-strait LED industry, is expected to rapidly launch high cost, high reliability, high stability of LED lighting applications.

Review

According to Photoelectric Co., Ltd., general manager of Xiamen Li Marsh Lee JAC, Rieter letters photoelectric Epistar in the last three years, in cool white and warm white HV-LED chip R & D, LED chips, packaged devices and lighting work life test assessment systems, optoelectronic integrated integration of Things radio control technology research cooperation, the introduction of cost-effective, high stability of LED lighting products.

Epistar executives said, Epistar had been to focus on the LED epitaxial wafers and chips has never been involved in the downstream, and this partnership will effectively integrate LED lighting on the middle and lower reaches, and promote the penetration of LED lighting.

The establishment of LED optoelectronic integrated integration technology of cross-strait joint R & D Center ", Epistar to test equipment, research and development equipment and related software development, the total invested NT $ 195 million (equivalent to 41.2 million yuan), standing up to the letter photoelectric then the test equipment, research and development equipment, production automation, R & D and production-line monitoring of software development is to invest 47.7 million yuan.

It is understood that Epistar is the major high-tech enterprise of LED epitaxial wafers and chips, is the world s largest output, the output value of the top three LED internationally renowned chip companies; Rieter letter photoelectric founded in 2006, the registered capital of $ 10.5 million 2011 sales of approximately $ 10 million.

    Use pipe wrench: Flaring first brass flared ends annealing (part of the brass needed) with a file file repair flat brass then placed in the corresponding diameter of the fixture, tighten the fixture fastening nut brass firmly to death.
Expansion bell nozzle must be greater than the surface of the pipe wrench, its height about the same hole chamfer bevel, and then flaring cone rotating solid screw, together with the bow-shaped frame fixed on both sides of the fixture. Flaring live nozzle cone head and then evenly and slowly tighten the screw, the cone will be the top into the nozzle. You should note that the precession of the screw should not be too hard to avoid the top split brass. Usually every precession 3/4 turns and then spin down 1/4 turn, so that repeated until the expansion is made form. Expansion into the bell to be the last round are smooth, no cracks.

    Expansion cup-shaped mouth, the fixture is still to be firmly clamped brass, or flaring brass is easy to shift and change bits, resulting in insufficient depth of the cup-shaped mouth. Reveal the height of the fixture surface should be slightly larger than the depth of the rose head nozzle. Series up head tube clamp supporting different diameter up the mouth of the depth and the gap have been produced shape. Generally less than 10mm diameter, stretching the length of about 6 – 10mm gap of 0.06 – 0.1mm. Simply flaring up head screw, and then fixed the bow planes, slowly rotating the feed screw. Methods of operation and expand the bell.

1 wetting effect

When hot liquid solder to dissolve and penetrate into the surface of the metal being welded, it is called metal soldering or metal soldering. Solder and copper mixtures of molecules to form a new part of the copper part of the solder alloy, this solvent effect is called the wetting between the various parts, it constitutes a molecular bond to generate a metal alloy compounds. Good intermolecular bond formation is the core of the welding process, which determines the strength and quality of the welding point. Only the surface of the copper pollution due to exposure to wetting of the oxide film formed in the air, and the solder to the work surface need to reach the appropriate temperature.

2 Surface Tension

Everyone is familiar with the surface tension of water, this force is coated with grease to the metal plate of supercooled water droplets to keep the ball in this case, the solid surface the liquid tends to spread of adhesion is less than its cohesion. Warm water and detergent to reduce surface tension, water infiltration metal plate coated with grease to form a thin layer to the outflow, if the adhesion is greater than the cohesion This occurs.

The cohesion of tin – lead solder is even greater than water, so that the solder was a sphere, so that the surface area of ??the smallest (the same size case, spheres and other geometric shape compared with the smallest surface area to meet the needs of the lowest energy state) . The role of flux similar to the role of the detergent metal plates coated with grease, the surface tension is also highly dependent on the cleanliness and temperature of the surface adhesion energy is much larger than the surface energy (cohesion), the ideal of the James tin.

Three metal alloy compounds produce

Copper and tin intermetallic formation of the grain size, grain shape and size depends on the duration and intensity of the welding temperature. Less heat when the welding is the formation of fine crystalline structure, the formation of fine welding point has the best strength. Long reaction time, welding time is too long or the temperature is too high, or both, will result in a coarse crystalline structure, which is gravel quality and crisp, shear strength smaller.

Using copper as a metal substrate, and tin – lead solder alloy, lead and copper does not form any metal alloy compounds, however, the tin can penetrate into the copper, tin and copper molecules bond in the connecting surface of the solder and the metal to form metal alloy total the compounds Cu3Sn and Cu6Sn5, as shown.

Intermetallic layer (n-phase + ε phase) must be very thin, laser welding, the magnitude of the metal alloy layer thickness of 0.1mm, wave soldering and manual soldering iron welding, good welding point metal thickness of the majority of more than 0.5μm. The shear strength of solder joints decreases with the increase of the metal alloy layer thickness, it is often to try the metal alloy layer thickness remained at below 1μm, which can be by welding time as short as possible to achieve.

Metal alloy of the material layer thickness dependence on the formation of the temperature and time of the welding point, the ideal case, the welding should be completed the 220 t about 2s, in the conditions, the reaction of the chemical diffusion of copper and tin will produce the right amount of metal The alloy combination the material Cu3Sn and Cu6Sn5 thickness is about 0.5μm. Full metal key common cold welding or soldering, welding point did not rise to the appropriate temperature, it could lead to the welding surface of the cut. On the contrary, thick metal alloy layer, common over-heating or welding too long welding points, it will lead to the welding point tensile strength is very weak, as shown.

4 wetting angle

Approximately 35 ° C higher temperature than the solder eutectic point, when coated with a drop of solder is placed on the heat flux on the surface, to form a meniscus, to some extent, the ability of the metal surface wetting by to assess the shape of the meniscus. If the solder meniscus has a bottom cutting edge shape, coated with grease metal panel drops, or even tend to spherical, the metal can not be welded. Meniscus stretching into a less than 30. The small angle only has good weldability.

 2012 of Guzhen LED light show today carried out: As in previous years, this year, the town lights with development simulation is still based on the LED fixtures and LED manufacturers set up equipment, furnishings as the leading industry event as 2012, the first appearance of the Light Town, The third town lighting and LED lighting accessories and set up production equipment, furnishings Expo (referred to as \"lights with the exhibition\") was unveiled on April 20. This event to LED as its theme, attracted a large number of domestic lighting accessories enterprises actively involved in big big urge the green transformation into the class of the entire town. Related accessories manufacturers exhibiting enthusiasm. According to statistics, the total LED 154 exhibiting companies, accounting for 70.6% of the exhibitors, as China Lighting Capital, Guzhen\\ s lighting enterprises to produce products mainly large. However, because the LED products, competitive pressure on large, many companies but beginning to specialize in LED fixtures, profits also respond to advancing. The initial break through 70% 46.7% add more than 105 in the second session of the stand area of ??2072 square meters, accounting for 70% of the total area.

    According to the town lights are related really to emerge, the traditional lighting accessories procurement has matured, but the enterprise specializing in LED drive power steering in 2010. According to him, LED products, the profit is too thin, small-scale enterprises can not compete with large enterprises, LED products, the threshold is too low, you can get up in two or three million, are to assemble the product. But LED fluorescent lamp driver power, there must be craft threshold, so the competition is light small some of the LED accessories is the current hot market, and the enterprises want to make achievements in marketing. Now this mutual aid within the industry are rare. The reason to accept this kind of mutual aid, a foundation in policy but also to ease the pressure of competition. \"If our corporate re-engaged the LED package. This is also the reason why LED exhibitors year after year to add the main reason. Follow the expansion of the lights with development influence large, this exhibition, exhibitors are no longer local focus, but has attracted many leading accessories companies actively involved in body odor, local exhibitors this year, 47% dropped from 60 percent the proportion of the old year, and from the city of Shenzhen, Shanghai, Zhejiang and other exhibitors have some to add. the above phenomenon, on the one hand, because the light with the exhibition\\ s degree has been Pumping; the other hand, the town in recent years, a new multiple LED professional market, buyers do not need to join to the show last year the night amount of procurement, the town recently for their big lift to promote Guangdong Province LED and solar photovoltaic lighting craft application of geographical characteristics of the property base set up equipment, furnishings, this identified a LED and solar lighting projects craft research has opened the center, plans to build center product warehousing and logistics center, products and accessories exhibition center, usually the development of LED lighting technology in Asia can go to the professional market \"shop around\". \"town to break through this year is expected to be in the new LED light source property. According to the economic and trade departments in the town, measure the built up area of ??800,000 square meters of LED property park, new LED lighting output of 2 billion yuan this year.

 The gear reducer device during use, due to the impact of the materials, processes, environmental conditions and human factors, its parts into the gradual grinding Abstract, deformation, soft off, with gradually increasing parts wear. Will result in deterioration of the technical state of equipment, will inevitably be a variety of failures, reduce the functionality and accuracy of the equipment, even the whole loss of use of the price. Site work machinery in paute often in good condition, improve efficiency, extend the life of the improving economic performance of the birds you want to also foot the ultimate goal of the maintenance work.
    First, maintenance of equipment
    1: Overhaul preparation before
    Preparation before the overhaul, not only refers to the preparation of the workers republic the necessary materials and spare parts should also do a failure analysis. The purpose of failure analysis is not only to do the nature of the failure to find the cause of the malfunction, more importantly, to identify the failure mechanism clearly. Propose effective improvements to prevent the failure recurring. And failure analysis, to find the real reason that caused the failure, from design, material selection, processing, manufacturing, distribution adjustment, use and maintenance, etc. to take measures to improve the reliability of mechanical products. Failure analysis, the first on-site mediation. Master preliminary data. And then analyze and determine the causes, by analyzing the summary, to conclude, as a basis for maintenance and fault handling.
    2: for fault repair
    Sheng Bang gear reducer failure analysis, the common faults of machinery and equipment is generally divided into the following children: damage type it is down, degenerate Therefore, Chen, loose so the drop to adjust the improper type of failure, leakage-type failure. 3: damage type failure and repair: in the device during use. The damage to the type of fault the general performance of equipment chassis fracture, cracking, deformation, etc.. Damage is divided into man-made damage and natural conditions, damage to the two types of man-made damage occurred in the equipment improperly fixed and mobile handling process. Natural conditions reported bad cause Bangding change to use the location or watering. Both damage is in fact inseparable from the responsibility of the maintenance managers, but to take advantage of equipment reported bad fatal. Damaged equipment to live beyond repair and must be replaced. Therefore, to avoid damage to the type of failure, must start from the regulators of the device first, to strengthen accountability. Is often the place of use of the equipment check. Losses caused by such failures, the device back to factory maintenance, repair response to such failure predictable in advance to reinforce the weak link of the device and welding will reduce such failure
   (3) adjusting the improper type of failure: disorders such as stroke, the gap is too large or too small. Bearing the issue of the abnormal vibration of the tip ring gear transmission, transmission parts, or reducer, motor overheating, are adjusted improper. Overhaul, the adjustment of the bearings and the clearance must be in strict accordance with the standard wear of the gear should be strictly checked, because such failures are easy to expand, covert. Discovered must be re-adjusted.
 Leakage-type failure: such as water leakage, oil leakage and other faults. Leakage-type failures of the device is not the normal lubrication or cooling conditions, resulting in aging equipment damage. In the equipment repair process must note whether the damage and deformation of the more joints, and real-time processing. Use the correct seals to ensure the normal fastening and connection, and can reduce the occurrence of such failures. If the water leakage, oil leakage in the fluid coupling. Must be processed or
Replacement of fluid coupling. Permeability must ensure a complete, do not use statistics to other materials instead of the need to replace the fluid coupling the fusible plug explosive plug leaking.
Second, to strengthen the maintenance process
    1, to check the fasteners performance, affect the solid effect. Can not re-use must not be reused.
    2, check whether the gland screw complete sealing surface for damage and clean the sealing surface, make it smooth and convex, sealing fastening and reliable.
    3, in strict accordance with the requirements of wash check and replace shafts, gears, bearings.
    4, required assembly gears, bearings. Adjusting the gear or bearing gap.
    5, with good oil seals, sealants.
    6, simulated operation environment of the factory test, to ensure the maintenance quality.
The failure of the gear reducer are badly worn, reasonable to ensure lubrication of the assembly will be to avoid wear and tear, reduce failure caused by poor lubrication.
Equipment maintenance work is a basic work, only to improve equipment maintenance, to ensure the use of equipment performance in order to reduce the occurrence of failure, extend equipment life, to save materials, improve transport efficiency, optimize the return on investment, increase profits purpose.

One, the former parts of the assembly
1, Rolling clean with gasoline and other parts with kerosene cleaning. All parts and cabinets must not have any impurities. Box wall and gear (worm), the raw surface has painted two oil erosion-resistant paint, cabinet outer surface has primed and color of paint (color) by host requirements.
2, part mating surface wash after coating to lubricating oil
Second, the installation and adjustment of the requirements
1, the installation of rolling bearings
The rolling bearing install bearing inner ring should be close to the shaft shoulder when required gap may not 0.05mm thick feeler.
2, bearing axial clearance on the bearing clearance can not be adjusted (such as deep groove ball bearings), the axial clearance of 0.25 ~ 0.4mm; windage adjustable bearing axial clearance values ??shown in Table. Click here for tapered roller bearing axial clearance; angular contact ball bearing axial clearance
Three meshing gear (worm gear) side gear clearance can be used a feeler gauge or pressure lead method. About to wire on the alveolar, then rotate the gear and flattening wire, measuring two tooth flattening the wire thickness and is the size of the tooth side.
4, the tooth contact spots cylindrical gear tooth surface contact pattern 2-10-4; bevel gear tooth contact spots 2-11-4; contact pattern of the worm drive 2-12-4
Sealing requirements. Box subdivision surface are allowed between any pads, but can be coated with sealant or water glass to ensure the sealing;
2 assembly, tighten the box bolts before, you should use a 0.05mm feeler gauge to check the lid and the box seat joint surface between the sealing;
The shaft seals should be coated with grease. All seals should be strictly required to install
Fourth, the lubrication requirements of the
Reasonably determine the lubricating oil and grease types and grades
2 bearing grease, the grease fill is generally to be fat space 1/2 to 2/3.
3, the lubricant should be changed regularly, the first use of the new reducer, running 7 to 14 days after the oil change oil change later depending on the circumstances every 3 to 6 months.
Fifth, the test requirements
1, no-load operation: positive and negative at rated speed running 1 to 2 hours;
2, the load test: at rated speed, rated load operation to the oil temperature balance. Requirements on the gear reducer, oil tank temperature does not exceed 35oC bearing temperature does not exceed 40oC; worm reducer, oil tank temperature not more than 60oC, the bearing temperature rise does not exceed 50oC;
All during the test, requiring smooth operation, low noise connection fixed at not loose, the seal, the junction does not loose
Six, packaging and transport requirements
An overhang shaft and its annexes should be oiled packaging;
2, handling, lifting not permitted to use the technical requirements are not necessarily all listed above the rings, screws and lug sometimes need additional, mainly by the specific requirements of the design.
July and technical requirements
1, prior to assembly, all parts are cleaned with kerosene, Rolling clean with gasoline, and not to any debris. Inner wall coated with oil corrosion coating twice;
2 mesh side of the gap with wire test is not less than 0.16mm, wire shall not be greater than four times the minimum backlash;
Coloring test spots. High tooth contact point is not less than 40%; long tooth contact pattern of not less than 50%. Available when necessary, grinding or scraping after grinding in order to improve the contacts;
Should be adjusted bearing axial clearance: φ40 to 0.05 – 0.1mm, φ55 is 0.08 – 0.15mm;
, Inspection reducer subdivision surface, the contact surface and seal are not allowed to spill. Subdivision surface to allow the coating to seal the paint or water glass, allowed to use any filler;
6, the base built N100 lubricants to the specified height.

 
    In the current environment, economic development, the demand for energy is more urgent than ever, is expected to 2020, with the forthcoming China s new energy promotion plan and related development goals, adjustment, China s total investment in the field of new energy will be more than 3 trillion yuan, mine construction boom triggered by these requirements and grinding equipment market "hot" is also particularly noticeable.

    According to the hardness of the processing of materials and discharging materials fineness, and the final yield, the mill can be divided into Raymond mill, high pressure hanging roller mill, high pressure micro powder mill, vertical mill, the mill type . Crusher manufacturers to build the rule with 20 years experience in mill production, regardless of updated equipment, and technology continues to improve, the latest developed a series of new mill has the role of energy saving and environmental protection, in particular, in line with the national energy saving policy, especially plays a crucial role in recent years in the field of power plant flue gas desulfurization applications.

With China\\ s rapid economic development in all walks of life can see the widespread use of the speed reducer. The reducer widespread use not only accelerated reducer industry is booming, but also promote the improvement of the speed reducer technology. The face of the enormous pressure of famous foreign reducer enterprise, domestic reducer is constantly seeking to enhance their competitiveness approach.
      For domestic consumers and domestic reducer, imported reducer is also certain disadvantages. First, most of the delivery of imported reducer is much more than the delivery of domestic reducer; Second, the majority of imported gear reducer prices far more than the price of domestic reducer; third, imported reducer after-sales service domestic reducer after-sales service to direct and fast; With the continuous development of China\\ s domestic slowdown, technology and quality of imported reducer advantage of more and more obvious.
      With the increasing emphasis on the state reducer industry, domestic reducer increasing emphasis on new technology R & D reducer, domestic reducer instead of the trend of imports reducer will be inevitable.

         Mechanical drying equipment, the switching device of each dryer equipment must, but how the switch on the role of manipulation in the dryer rotation? This Power Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Henan capacity of technical staff and to share with you After numerous experiments, summed up the switch from the role of the rotation of the dryer control board, rotary manipulation of the board KK switch, rotary group 1, group 2, group 3 electric tube heating. At this point, KM1, KM2, KM3 pull corresponding red indicator lights, electric tube start heating, the ammeter reading with a group, Group 2, three groups of inputs increase. Circulation fan is automatically activated with the KM1 closed; heating pipe under the control of the thermostat, automatic work.

 Security with police patrols, electric bikes and the name of the double flash grooming vehicles, it has become a hot topic in recent the Meijiang Peninsula Heights community residents. Moreover, the introduction of small-scale clean car to improve the efficiency of residential cleaning card from the door all the way \"credit card\" to go home and so on. Property services to enhance a notch to become the district\\ s new landscape, even the residents praise again and again: now the district, playing all high-tech!

    The efficiency of raising a lot

    Shorten the time to solve the problem

    Posts in the forum of the owners of Royal Peninsula, a security with police electric patrol moped, the name of double flash patrols at night, \"click-through rate soared, many owners are replies to ask whether the district to introduce the\" secret weapon \". Upon inquiry, the reporter finally seen near the cell door post of the new property to configure electric patrol moped.

    Although electric bikes, but the appearance of ordinary electric cars are not the same. The front of the front end of the red and blue LED lights, car back-end corresponding with a more eye-catching warning light. Moreover, the original vacant rear frame fitted with a white iron box, wrench, screwdriver and other tools which placed an emergency repair. After such a \"modified\" the original ordinary electric bikes, upgraded to today\\ s electric patrol police moped. Duty security guards wear uniforms riding a patrol car, you say, really quite the spirit!

    Guo Jianhua, property manager, said that for security with the police to use the electric patrol moped is just implemented in the beginning of this year, a car cost more than 3000 yuan. Security also all kind of care, usually rub ground, ground maintenance, installation of warning lights is also a need for a separate charge, but since the start using the feedback we got good and original compared to the efficiency did raise a chunk of . \"

    Security Gao told reporters that now patrol riding electric bikes, but more convenient. \"On the one hand more when on patrol have deterrent effect, the other when we divert vehicles not so tired.\" Said Gao, in fact they are by walking or riding a bike, the district itself, area and embarked on ten minutes are common owners encounter and what issues need to help solve, and ride electric bikes, 23 minutes arrived at the scene of emergencies such as water pipes burst and the like, but also for the residents to save a lot of time.

    Security upgrade my heart more

    District scene looked very handsome

    Police use electric bikes from the security riding day patrol in the district, residents on this service improvements have a good evaluation. \"Looking very convenient, is well and good order of the district, our hearts are very pleased.\" Building 8, the very fact that, after this saw lit the lights of the patrol car thief at night, certainly I whispered safety factor added layer of insurance, residents more at ease.

    \"Looking at these security guards on duty uniformed riding a patrol car, think property management has a new mental outlook of the upscale district does need a fresh way, and doubtless will be more to attract high-tech elements.\" Owners Xu said the hardware level of property services to enhance the soft power is certainly at a higher level, residents and property companies will form a virtuous cycle, more and more harmonious.

    The reporter learned that electric bikes are generally used by the duty squad leader on duty patrol Kong security patrols used to mainly play the role of inspections of the temporary vehicle timely follow-up.

    \"Our district ID card out of the normal parking spaces for owners of credit card the management of the whole intelligent and sometimes there will be unloading the car or send the car of the front door for the elderly, we will release, but will send a timely follow-up of security guards, security guards before rely on leg muscles, or ride a bike, on the one hand, physical exertion, on the other hand deal with the problem or not timely follow-up, now deal with the problem time security work so hard not before, all very satisfied. \"property manager Guo Jianhua said that from now, the patrol electric bikes to enhance the service quality of a property, and deter the role of the outside law and order situation.

 Intelligent hardware facilities

    The district where the additions to many

    In addition to the Royal Peninsula community recently introduced electric bikes to patrol, and many communities are also intelligent hardware has been transformation. Century the Indus apartment residents on recent residential parking lots and roads, often able to find a small-scale clean car is responsible for the daily road cleaning. Property after a reporter asked the company was informed that, which is to improve the cleaning quality of the district, specially in terms of road cleaning arrangements. With this large \"vacuum cleaner\" the road of the district clean and really a lot.

    Intelligent transformation, many communities are beginning to promote the access card door, the corridor access cards, elevator cartoon with \"One Card\" service. Property to enhance service standards, the owners have higher satisfaction, and ultimately achieve a win-win results. In addition, one of a variety of intelligent information services is also the embodiment of the Intelligent Community, such as home things that need repair, or need to ask the part-time, can log on to the district website, click on the relevant services, fill in the reason, location, determine the time other relevant information, submit an application, just at home waiting for, and the persons will be able to-door services on time. Seen, this \"high tech\" intelligent \", our property management will take some time.

 
   The conveyor is a continuous transfer of material in a certain line material handling machinery, also known as continuous conveyor. The conveyor can be horizontal, inclined and vertical transportation, can also be composed of space transmission lines, transmission lines are generally fixed. Conveyor conveying capacity, long distance, but also in the process of conveying the same time a number of process operations, so the wide range of applications. Can be a single transmission, can also be composed of multiple horizontal or inclined conveyor system, and other transportation equipment, to meet the different arrangement of the operating line.
   Conveyor Many countries are exploring the long-distance, large capacity for transport of materials to the conveyor structure. ② to expand the use of the conveyor. Development conditions of heat, cold, corrosive, radioactive, flammable substances in the environment work, and can transport hot, explosive, easy to knot groups, viscous material conveyor. ③ conveyor constructed to meet the requirements of material handling systems automation and control stand-alone proposed. Automatic sorting packages such as post office car conveyor should be able to meet the requirements of the sorting action. (4) reduce energy consumption to reduce energy consumption, has become an important aspect of transportation technology in the field of scientific research.
   The conveyor Category: plate chain conveyor, speed chain conveyor, roller conveyor, the plug-in line, shelf wire, bake, line, belt conveyor. I think the salesman began looking for customers when the first thing you do is they want to sell products to explore thoroughly, and to try to grasp some knowledge of the product, for example, this conveyor is generally used in places. Because this knowledge will help you to overcome the difficulties encountered in the business work.

  The power plant coal handling system until the coal to the boiler room of raw coal bucket, the entire production process, from the coal unloading device, the belt conveyor to the coal handling system to play a role similar to the human meridian, carry out the body. If in the process of production work, belt failure, the entire coal handling system will lead to not function properly, causing many problems. Build a comprehensive self-diagnostic intelligent diagnosis adjusted belt protection system, the boiler island construction and development must need.
    Belt conveyors are widely used in coal handling systems and industrial sectors, higher transmission efficiency, provide an effective means for delivery of bulk materials. Long-term tracking and guidance of the company past the conveyor units, summed up the belt conveyor in the production failures common faults generally have slip belt, overload, pin broken. In order to solve these practical problems in the past time, the Group of Experts, technicians, engineers and front line staff, the integrated use of existing knowledge, skills, information and methods, introduce new methods, new ideas, continuous conveyor belt reform and innovation to provide solutions to practical problems in the production work to provide scientific, effective solutions to customers.
    As we all know, belt conveyors in the production process will occur dowel pin fracture, the motor still running, the belt with the rollers stop stop. Due to lack of necessary measures of protection chain stop, follow-up belt continues to run, resulting in the accumulation of coal in the section on the fault belt, in addition to coal coal is too heavy, a lot of accumulation, resulting in the motor and cycloidal drum rotation and the stop belt, conveyor belt slip phenomenon, which will certainly lead to belt wear, fracture, or even a serious accident, affecting the smooth conduct of the coal handling system.
    In addition, the detection of coal handling system, most of the power plant there is a lot of drawbacks, due to fuel transport belt conveyor is only the most basic overcurrent protection, and the motor current value when the analog data acquisition using the cable from the motor transmission power distribution room to monitor the operating room, the data show that using an analog current meter head, many inaccurate; know the belt is running in order to monitor the operating room (no blocking coal), also on-site installation of multiple cameras, video surveillance systems observe the functioning of the belt. The harsh conditions of such site (pulverized coal, dust and strong current interference) to some extent, result in poor image video signal propagation back, monitoring the operational status of the results are unsatisfactory.
    Hualong Thermal Equipment Co., Ltd., the project team is committed to innovation and development of an intelligent protection system of belt conveyor, belt conveyor machine skid, belt, and overload, pin-off failure for automatic detection, diagnosis, and issued audible and visual alarm signal, to make a timely warning and protection. Failure to stop the implementation of the fault belt in front of the machine and interlock control, to avoid pressure coal belt happens to achieve automation, robust and intelligent control of power plant coal handling system to reduce manual saving equipment maintenance funds.
   \"Quality is life, service is the soul, the user first, contributing to society\" is our aim, Zhengzhou Hualong thermal equipment Co., Ltd. is willing to help you out!

The gear pump is characterized by: small size, light weight, simple structure, easy fabrication, low price, reliable, good self-priming performance is not sensitive to oil pollution, easy maintenance.
The disadvantages are: flow and pressure fluctuation, noise, displacement immutable.
The internal gear pump gear pump with the outside compared to mainly small size, small flow pulsation, noise, etc., but processing difficulties, limited use. Engagement at the point of tooth contact line has been playing high-separated, and the role of the low pressure chamber, and therefore do not need to set up a dedicated gear pump with flow agencies.
An external gear pump flow
Displacement: V = πDhB = 2πm2zBclamp ferrule
In fact the interdental groove volume slightly larger than the size of the tooth, it is usually taken 3.33, then: V = 6.66zm2B
Flow rate: q = Vnηv = 6.66zm2Bnηv
The above calculation is the average flow of the external gear pump.
Features:
1) gear pump, the average flow and number of teeth is proportional to, but proportional to the square of the modulus.
2) gear pump flow and tooth width is proportional to the tooth width increased by the gear hydraulic radial forces suffered increased restrictions generally take the tooth width B = (6 ~ 10) m, hypertension take a small value.
3) improve the speed can increase the pump flow, but subject to the limitations of the pump suction performance. Gear pump speed is generally in the 1000 ~ 1500r/min.
4) In addition, in a positive displacement hydraulic pump, gear pump, flow pulsation.
2, the gear pump of the phenomenon of trapped oil and unloading
★ trapped oil Harm:
Closed the dead volume of the pressure in the sharp rise in the bearing to be a lot of additional load, while producing the undesirable phenomenon of power loss and liquid heat; air will precipitate was dissolved in a liquid bubble cavitation phenomenon, caused by vibration and noise.
★ eliminate the phenomenon of trapped oil:sanitary fittings
Unloading slot opening in the side plate of the gear pump or floating sleeve. Non-symmetric, we must ensure that at any time do not make the suction chamber and the pressure oil chamber of collusion; gear pump can not be reversed.
3, the gear pump leak and compensation measures
Gear pump there are three areas: the leak the gear end and end caps; between the holes and gears meshing at the top and the shell of the tooth. Leakage gear end and end caps, 75 to 80 percent of the total amount of leakage.
4, measures to improve the external gear pump pressure
End clearance compensation principle:
Pressure oil chamber pressure of the oil in the gear pump is diverted to the outside of the floating sleeve to use a special channel, the role of a certain shape and size of the area, resulting in the hydraulic force, so that the sleeve pressure to the gear face, this force must be large role in the force of the sleeve inside the gear end, in order to ensure in a variety of pressure, the sleeve is always automatically snapping the gear end, reducing by the end of the gear pump leakage and achieve the purpose of improving the pressure.
5, radial unbalanced force
★ hazards:
Radial unbalanced force should make axis bending, the tooth tip contact with the shell, and accelerated bearing wear, reduce bearing life.
★ measures:sanitary pipe fittings
In order to reduce the impact of the radial unbalanced force, usually take the approach to reduce the pressure port.
To reduce the number of teeth of the gears, so reducing the tip diameter, pressure area is reduced.
Appropriate to increase the radial clearance.
6, the internal gear pump
The internal gear pump there are two kinds of involute gear pump and cycloidal gear pumps.
Cycloidal gear pumps, also known as a rotor pump, two gears, a difference of one tooth.

New Energy is a vast step-up transformer market. New energy such as wind power and photovoltaic power stations will bring a potential market of 50,000 units per year step-up transformer, the equivalent of 1.5 times 2008 sales.

 amorphous alloy step-up transformer in the new energy market will accomplish much. Despite the slightly more expensive than the silicon step-up transformer price, but considering the increase in electricity sales, and new energy tariff is expensive, the use of amorphous alloy step-up transformer to improve power generation project s internal rate of return, and 1-3 years to recover early The initial investment premium part.Isolating Transformer

The  overseas has been the application case. 2008 GE shares production of amorphous step-up transformer has been the world s largest wind power operator, IBERDROLA for the four wind farms in the United States.

new energy market, there was no institutional barriers. Grid Corporation has a huge number of production silicon steel production enterprises of the step-up transformer, amorphous step-up transformer to overcome conflicts of interest, market development difficult. New energy projects developed by the large-scale Power Generation Group, Power Generation Group is the basic transmission and distribution equipment assets, there is no institutional barriers.Industrial transformer
 technical reserves are mature, a significant first-mover advantage. Confidence has developed products for wind farms and photovoltaic power plants, and has installed PV power plant to Shanghai World Expo venues. In the grid on the market of first-mover advantage can be extended to the new energy market.
Welding transformer
Profit forecast only consider the contribution of the power grid market, does not contain the new energy market, will get the order progress to increase the profit forecast. This year, the stock rose only 7 percent, far behind the power equipment index rose 60 percent. We believe that the market growth prospects of the company in the grid and the new field of energy lack of knowledge, the stock also compensatory growth momentum.

Communications, industrial, medical and automotive analog IC designers and manufacturers austriamicrosystems company recently released the high-voltage DC / DC boost converter AS1343, LCD or OLED display bias by the low voltage input, thereby optimizing the single-cell for the overall performance of the power application.Isolating Transformer

AS1343 by two or one AA battery-powered, respectively, can provide 24V, 40mA or 12V, 30mA drive capability, and provides an adjustable output voltage from 5.5V to 42V. AS1343 from 0.9V to 3.6V single-input power supply, a fixed switching frequency of 1MHz allows the use of miniature, low profile inductors and capacitors to minimize PCB footprint. This constant frequency switching makes the output noise low and predictable, and easy to filter out.Welding transformer

Standard Linear at austriamicrosystems Division Marketing Director Walter Moshammer, said: "currently on the market almost all the portable applications are used in LCD and OLED. These applications are battery-powered, so need to use the highly efficient boost converter to provide 12V or more high output voltage, moderate current of about 20mA. even in the case of the maximum output voltage, austriamicrosystems AS1343 is still able to achieve very high efficiency in order to meet these needs. In addition, the product directly supports single or dual battery applications. "

AS1343 can also achieve the automatic power-saving operation, in order to enhance light load efficiency. In addition, the internal micro-power design can work when the supply current to only 22? A. AS1343 power consumption is so low, greatly extending the battery life of the terminal application. , AS1343 features a shutdown mode, supply current in shutdown is less than 1? A, and completely cut off the output.Industrial transformer

AS1343 output voltage accuracy of 2% of its power ready signal indicates the actual output voltage and the nominal voltage deviation is less than 10%. It is ideal for a variety of different OLED or LCD power supply, or other applications that require high output voltage applications in handheld devices.

During the operation of the excavator, the use of the real parts, both to reduce the machine operating capital, but also extended the use of time, and eventually protect the user\\ s own interests. Three filters, we will frequently used in the operation of equipment, bucket teeth, the authenticity of distinction given to introduce in order to avoid mistaken for buyers to buy a non-pure product damage.
The air filter genuine goods outside the side of the steel mesh uniform pitch, and brush the white anti-rust paint. Counterfeit goods are often just ordinary steel mesh and steel plate hole dense, time-off hole. Pure product the inside of steel mesh at the welding surface is very uniform; most of the counterfeit goods the use of spot welding, overlapping steel mesh longer side of the tilt. The fake air filter just to imitate the geometric size and appearance of the genuine, and simply can not filter engineering standards requirements, filtering utility is greatly reduced.
Pure product of the filter paper color is white, paper creamy, up and down lines, arranged in neat rows, no distortion; counterfeit filter paper color for sulfur colors or other colors, the paper is very rough, the upper and lower lines were the conditions of the assembly conditions, the filter extrusion. lines bend. Pure fighting tooth will have a serial number and marking of production businesses, fake.

China s first special high-voltage step-up transformer companies account for UHV commanding heights. Step-up transformer Group s Shenyang recently successfully developed China s first UHV step-up transformer, the step-up transformer rated voltage of 1100 kV, three-phase rated capacity of 1.2 million KVA can be directly output of one million kilowatts of generating units voltage is increased from 27 kV to 1100 kV. The step-up transformer to increase transmission capacity, reducing equipment investment, State Grid UHV construction speed, high-voltage step-up transformer will make special rapid increase in demand. At present, TBEA the first in the country to master the technology, the company in the competition in the initiative.Transformer company

Overseas markets to reduce the risk of price competition. Have the total package of qualifications and competence of the few companies in overseas construction projects as a domestic, Tebian electrician in overseas markets has been relatively smooth, the proportion of total company revenue of more than 20%, effectively reducing the domestic step-up transformer and other equipment prices the risk of competition.

The rapid development of new energy performance of a new growth point. Recently with the Xi an High-tech Zone "special variable electrical Xi an New Energy and Industrial Park Project contract, the park is built will have 500MW / solar cell component 500MW / year, 1000MW / high-power inverters, photovoltaic system integration 300MW / year capacity. After the company with 1500 tons / year polysilicon project is expansion in the 2015 long-term goal is 12,000 tons / year.AVR for Generator

The coal resources are the company another potential bright spot. Company holding 86% of the Tianchi Energy currently has a total of 10 mine exploration rights of the South open pit and tent ditch, the reserves of about 13 billion tons, the company expects 2012 to reach 10 million tons of mining scale uses include the pithead power stations, cogeneration and coal to gas and other coal chemical project is expected in 2012 can begin to reflect the performance.Welding transformer

Expected 2011 EPS of 1.20 yuan, maintaining an "overweight" rating. UHV construction of domestic and overseas markets are expected, under the premise of not to consider the coal resources to generate revenue, we maintain the company s earnings forecast, expected 2010/11/12 EPS were 0.90,1.20 and 1.53 yuan, an increase of clear and maintain the company to "overweight" rating.

Imported vacuum actuator debugging steps
1, the tools they need to debug: socket wrench, needle nose pliers, experience in the electric pen, multimeter,
Screwdriver, watch screwdriver, mini-dedicated within the six-party wrench.
2, first stop the vacuum actuator power, manually turning the handwheel, so that the position of the valve in 50%
(Observe the location of the sniper stem), 1,000 ohm coaxial output of the potentiometer 500
Ohms or so, if not about 500 ohms, loose coaxial screws of the potentiometers
Rotary potentiometer until you get the right readings.
3, to the vacuum actuator power transmission, vacuum actuator is in local control, press the open
On / off button, quickly press the stop button, and observe the direction of motor rotation, such as motorglow plug
Can reverse, down access to the L1, L2, L3 in two-phase.
4, the electrical limit adjustment: (first tune off the limit, after the open limit)
(1) off the electrical limit adjustment: Hand shake the hand wheel, so that the valve in the fully closed position
Fully closed valve Ban or not OK. Into the middle of the clutch, and half turn, so
Adjust the projectile, and then rotating the word "CLOSE" to adjust the screw, so off to
Limit switch, press and hold the switch to trip. Valve off place, while off the trip switchSolenoid Throttle Valve
Not action, then down off the adjustment screw to rotate off, to suppress the limit switch; if the Commissioner
Travel switch ahead of time, going against the shut off to the rotation adjustment screw to to the valve is fully closed
Off limit switch just action. After adjustment, be sure to make the clutch reset, and then
Adjust the open electrical limit.
(2) open the adjustment of electrical limit: (off electrical limit adjustment)
(3) If the limit too late, along the direction of the rotation of the adjustment screw to adjust; if the limit is premature
Going against the direction of the adjustment screw to rotate tune.
5, the torque limit switch adjustment: open, off to the torque limit switch adjustment each
A dial, the dial indicates the size, need to be adjusted to open to shut to the forceVacuum Actuator
Moment limit switch screw. (Torque limit switches for valve shut and the valve stuck,
Like no adjustments)
6, the adjustment of the feedback signal of the signal: with the general ZKJ electric vacuum actuator adjustments.
The specific models welcome calls to buy.

"Off" valve seal closure on the seat to form a rigid seal, completely still sealed;glow plug

"Throttle status" valve sealing off its seat, the valve on the parabola in the runner, there is no direct venting relief, so as to achieve detente, the role of the throttle, while the self-cleaning the sealing surface of dirt and impurities to protect the The sealing surface thereby prolonging the life of the valve.

Fully open the valve flap at the fully open state, the entire valve in the vent, the less the resistance of the media in the valve and shorten the emptying time, improved valve short.

Germany Robert the RBT import throttle performance parameters "
Solenoid Throttle Valve
Product Name: import throttle (Germany Robert the RBT brands)

Nominal diameter: 1/2-8

Nominal pressure: PN16-PN40;

Operating temperature: -20 ℃ -350 ℃;Vacuum Actuator

Body material: steel, stainless steel;

Applicable medium: water, gas, gas, steam, hot water, heat conduction oil, toxic media, etc.;

 Transformer manufacturing process development, new products and structural characteristics have developed corresponding to

the process and focus on new materials development and application of new equipment in order to continuously improve product

quality and reliability, but these new processes research and development requires substantial capital investment and

production costs rise.

    At present, China s transformer oversupply, price competition is fierce, users preferred conditions in the tender

activities is the price factor, so the manufacturer is difficult for a lot of input, so that the production process will not

be able to develop, do not increase the quality of products, quality do not increase, prices are not high, there is no profit

so a vicious cycle, and therefore the departments concerned should give adequate attention to the laws of the transformer

price to be reasonable improvement.

    Our future transformer direction of development is still energy-saving, low noise, fire and explosion type, the

development of high reliability, so the above to talk about some of the process will still continue to promote universal

access. Another selection of high-quality low-loss magnetic material, large choice of laser or groove silicon steel sheet,

with axial radial clamping device of winding machines, vapor phase drying equipment, step-by-step transverse shear lines, and

advanced production equipment universal access.

    Insulation materials processing as much as possible by the professional manufacturer of unified processing gradually

increase the new solid insulating materials such as injection molded parts, foreign insulation processing laser cutting, our

country can also develop laser processing insulation.

    In addition, on the external quality of the transformer should make great efforts to study, such as the tank surface

treatment, type of paint to make the tank as far as possible attractive.

   According to the study of the famous British AMI (market information) consulting firm in September 2003, the WPC – new market opportunities in Western Europe ", 2000 European wood plastic composites (WPC) market for less than 03 000 t, while the close to 30 000 t for the first time in 2003, an increase of 1000 percent in 2000. However, consumption is still very small, due to the the WPC future market and its profit is not quite sure, coupled with the production plant to the processing equipment to make new investments, the development of resistance.
    There are a lot of outdoor decking market in the United States, provides an ideal platform for WPC development in Europe did not like the United States needs strong decking needs, there is no substitute for other materials opportunities. AMI in the report cited the major European countries do not have the applications market needs, including decking, window frames, doors, garden furniture, turnover box and tray, roof products, interiors, and other aspects of a variety is not yet mature markets the status quo.

    According to this special report, in WPC total market in 2003 will reach 400 000 t, the promotion of several factors in the U.S. market prosperity in Europe less and less important, so the effect is not large. European countries, the German Development WPC market is relatively successful, but the amount is still large.

    European WPC production background and history, which set up a company up to 22% of the total, followed by the original PVC profile production plants and timber-producing plants, 22% each, other manufacturers had engaged in professional and share : 11% recycling companies, plastic compounds, 7%, outdoor surface decorative 4%, 4% of the auto manufacturers, 4% of the machinery manufacturer. Scale are generally small, and some only slightly larger than the laboratory-scale, the need to improve the industrial confidence and find a large number of alternative markets. The report pointed out that the window frames and Phi pack market will have long-term needs, but still downstream processing plants approved WPC materials is a suitable alternative materials. WPC production plant in Europe need to reduce production costs and promote technological progress to improve its market demand and production.

    2003 European WPC meeting in Vienna, Austria on September 23 on the 25th, at which 19 delegates reported.

    Expected to be the European wpc wood market share of the European countries in 2006 Germany, Britain and Switzerland share the top three accounted for 27%, 21% and 18% in other countries: Belgium (15%), Austria (7%), Scandinavia 5% of the country, France 4%, 3% in Spain.

   wood plastic composites (wood plastic composite, WPC) is a new material developed in recent years, the material advantages of it are two different organic combination of either the same as wood surface glue, paint can also be nailed , drilling, planing, nailing, etc., but also like the heat

The same molding plastic plastic processing, play the diversity of wood ease of processing and plastic processing methods, flexibility, a wide range of applications. At present, the wood-plastic composite materials in civilian areas has been widely used products, including outdoor supplies (such as outdoor furniture), building materials (

Such as window profiles, platform, etc.), municipal facilities (flower boxes, trash, water wells, etc.), packaging materials, household goods, household goods, auto parts. But so far, the wood-plastic composite materials in the military field is not. Because wood-plastic composite materials, light, rigid, resistant to

PH and water-pest characteristics, potential development of its application in the military field, domestic and foreign R & D work in this area are also actively underway.
    Military Packaging
    Our military ammunition packaging still to the wooden box, not only to spend a lot of wood, and wooden crates there is a big performance limitations, such as low strength, easy to mold rot, easily destroyed by insects, not sealed. Therefore, research performance is more superior new packaging materials and packaging structure

Is extremely important. Wood plastic composite material has the dual characteristics of plastic and wood, some of its performance even better than the plastic and wood, in addition to the elongation at break, low impact strength, other properties have reached the performance of active military packaging materials The range of indicators. Further research to improve wood

Physical and mechanical properties of plastic composites, and through the box structure design to improve the overall strength of the box, this material is used for some military packaging is entirely possible. Domestic made some attempts in this regard, a new splicing from the structural design and structure of the Ministry of

Selecting two aspects to ensure the tightness and the overall strength of the wood-plastic box.
    Naval port facilities
    According to reports, many of the terminal facilities in the U.S. Navy during World War II or after, has now come to the decommissioning phase. Because these materials are treated with insecticides, is a hazardous waste disposal fees. Due to the impact of environmental awareness, the treated wood after the protection

Use in the marine environment is being questioned. In addition, the relatively clean harbor, they are also affected by the hazards of the growing problem of marine wood borers. NAVFAC magazine assess the Navy a year for protection of wood processing cost of about $ 40 to $ 50 million,
    Replace the wood is the most feasible way is a variety of man-made composite materials. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a more robust, economic and environmentally friendly alternatives to replace the wood. To achieve these goals, by many universities in the United States, a national laboratory and industrial research units

An interdisciplinary research group, specializes in wood-plastic composite materials used for the feasibility of the naval berthing facilities, multi-faceted cooperation has promoted the rapid transformation of the results of the project, currently in the U.S. Navy port part of the wood-plastic composite profiles as a naval berthing facilities in the deck planking, and other institutions

Pieces.
    Barracks facilities
    Wood-plastic composite materials with good thermal insulation properties, which improve the quality of construction of barracks and living comfort, great value can be made from the floor, hanging panels, roofs, skylights, siding, decking, door panels, running boards, railings, handrails, baseboard, door / window profiles, furniture, fences

, Fence, platform, circuit boards, the site. In addition, the wood-plastic composites compared with the cement steel light weight, easy to install movable guard booth, with its manufacturing is particularly appropriate.
    In addition to wood-plastic composite materials in a military vehicle accessories (can be used as a military vehicle door interior, underbody, car outer panels, door decorative panels, seat backs, dashboard, armrests, seat base, roof, etc.) firearms parts (which can be used as the butt of materials, etc.), pallet of military logistics, military positions

Chu isolation sleepers also have a wide application prospect.

The battery system reliability depends on the last link, the weakest link in system reliability, a lot of major accidents that have their origins in battery failure. Only the important system was equipped with a battery backup power system. Although some batteries from the installation to specify the exit transport seems no problem, the actual situation may never use the battery pack discharge, when they need battery power, unable to confirm whether the battery can supply, it will cause significant losses , or even catastrophic. Therefore, the purchase of battery, inspection, testing, maintenance and maintenance must not be taken lightly.

Two battery options and specifications

Make the battery system with higher reliability, we must first correct choice of battery, UPS and communication with the battery in the design: Some batteries have good cycle characteristics; some battery suitable start; some battery suitable for low-temperature environment; Some battery suitable for small discharge current. In the selection of battery it is necessary to understand the difference between the process and the use of a variety of battery to fully understand the electrical properties of the battery and user demand on product performance.

User demand for the product. Such as back-up power system capacity requirements, the frequency of use, the environment, the main purpose, life, reliability requirements, the instantaneous discharge rate, the specifications of the rectifier and other battery related performance requirements.

Commitment of vendors products. Product design parameters (battery model, appearance, size, rated capacity, rated voltage, weight, weight ratio of energy, the volume ratio of the energy, design life, positive and negative plate number, the type of positive and negative plate thickness ratio, electrolyte density, plate grid materials, etc.), the product electrical performance parameters, the product of the actual life of the installation environment, performance and price of different models, different types of product warranty.

Calculated discharge capacity when the state of the whole power outage, select the appropriate battery model:

Cc = Kk Cs / Kc

Kk – capacity reserve coefficient, taking 1.25.

Kc – volume conversion factor corresponds to a discharge voltage of 1.8V, check the design manual battery discharge capacity and discharge time curve.

Cc – accident full stop state, the discharge capacity for a long time.

Battery specifications in the IEEE Std.485 accordingly, the user in determining the cycle life of the system, they can be more easily selected battery specifications. Batteries suitable for use, but also consider the following several factors:

Kt – temperature correction factors, so that the battery can work properly in the lowest expected temperature environment.

Kd – design margin factors, so that battery can compensate for the additional load.

Ka – aging factors, so that the battery be able to meet its service life.

3 battery chamber design

Battery room layout and the environment will greatly affect the system reliability and service life, to take into account in the design of the following:

Temperature Control: High temperatures can shorten battery life. 92F ° environment, the battery life can only reach half of the rated life. The low temperature will make the battery capacity decreases, 62 F ° environment, the battery lost about 10 percent of capacity. Therefore, the temperature of the battery room must be centralized control. The highest and lowest temperature difference should be less than 5 F °. Otherwise cause the single battery float voltage instability.

Maintenance channel: battery room must be left aisle, and for maintenance personnel to replace the battery and clean. If you did not stay out of the channel, all the maintenance work can not be. If the cabinet was stuffed very full, maintenance personnel can not come into contact with the battery pole terminal. When the battery performance decline in three months or less, the maintenance personnel did not realize the seriousness of the problem.

Security: safety aspects to be considered include: the mist discharge, the cabinet ventilation, cleaning tools, lighting effects, and to facilitate exports. Generally not higher than the two-tier battery rack.

Acceptance and storage of 4 batteries

The user must follow the correct procedures for the acceptance and storage batteries to ensure that the quality of installation and use. The following are the three most important steps:

(1) inspected for damage: in the delivery of the battery should be checked immediately, so that users can quickly grasp the situation of damaged or missing parts. Will not only increase the losses, claims to the vendor or supplier companies will be very difficult because of the problem too late.

(2) after completion of the examination, in order to install it. After installation, charging, fully charged and then float to 72 hours, and then make a full capacity test. Capacity testing, battery acceptance is considered completed.

(3) After acceptance, the battery must fully charged, the float 72 hours, measuring its internal resistance as the base value after discriminant performance. If the internal resistance in the mean ± 5%, as a resistance matching, more than 5% of the average of the battery is best to require suppliers to be replaced, within the resistance difference between the life of the battery pack too much will be affected.

Storage area should be cool, dry, high temperatures and faster battery self-discharge rate make the internal friction increases.

If you must charge, if the storage time of the battery has more than six months, users do not boost charge, a promise made by most manufacturers will not be achieved. Battery storage in high temperature environment of 92F °, the time will change to three months.

Installation of a battery pack

Installation is also an important step. Because this work is good or bad, will affect the operating reliability of the battery system. The majority of users do not realize the importance of the work of the battery installation. Battery installation should be completed by trained personnel or the manufacturer. Many battery damage are caused by inexperienced installers.

Here is some of the damage will often appear in the installation process:

The pole seal leaks: the reasons may be pulling the pole in the handling of the battery, or install the batteries even the monomer due to the irregular arrangement. Because the battery is pulled into the installation location, so that the battery connector in the taut state so that the connector before the pole and the seals between extrusion of the pole seal the leak is bound to lead to corrosion between the battery connector.

The case has been damaged: This is caused by the use of unauthorized chemical materials. Some oil-based grease for battery installation convenience. After installation, cleaning the battery and then use the composition of unknown compounds, many compounds will erode the shell material, therefore, causing rupture and leakage of the electrolyte of the battery casing.

6 the use of batteries

6.1 Using the influence of temperature:

(1) capacity and temperature: the ambient temperature, battery capacity within a certain range will increase. Temperature is too low will result in loss of the negative sulfate, and high temperature will accelerate battery grid corrosion and battery water.

(2) the relationship between the float voltage and temperature: the temperature float voltage formula VT = (2.2 – 2.27) – (T-25) × 0.03. Float voltage is too high, the float current increases, and accelerate the corrosion rate of the grid, and reduce the battery life; float voltage is too low, the battery can not maintain the state of charge, causing sulfate reducing capacity, reducing battery life .

(3) charging pressure and temperature: different temperatures are charging pressure is calculated using the VT = (2.30 ~ 2.35) – (T-25) × 0.05. Charge voltage needs to be adjusted with the ambient temperature. The specific charge voltage manufacturers prevail.
Control Transformer
(4) the relationship between life and temperature: T25 = T design × 2 (T actual -25) / 10. The temperature may damage the battery, reducing battery life.

6.2 valve-regulated battery charging and discharging system

(1) constant-current voltage limited charging

I10 current constant current charging, the battery pack terminal voltage rises to (2.30 ~ 2.35V) × N pressure limiting value, automatically or manually converted to constant voltage charging.

(2) constant voltage charging

    (2.30 to 2.35V) × N constant voltage charging, I10 ~ 2I10 charging current gradually decreases when the charge current is reduced to 0.1 I10 current, the countdown began to start charging device, setting the countdown to the end, the charge device will automatically or manually into the normal float charge operation float voltage should be controlled (2.23 ~ 2.28 V) × N.

(3) supplementary charge

To make up for the run due to improper adjustment of the float current is caused by charge less, compensation can not valve-regulated batteries self-discharge and creepage leakage caused by the loss of battery capacity. According to the need to set the time (usually three months) the charging device will automatically or manually to a constant current limiting pressure charging constant voltage charging, float charging process. Battery pack to full capacity at any time, to ensure safe and reliable operation.

6.3 valve-regulated battery check discharge

Long-term use of the limited pressure-limiting floating charge operating mode or only pressure open-flow operation mode, unable to determine the existing capacity of the valve-regulated batteries, Internal whether dehydration or dry, and only check the discharge, in order to find out the battery presence problem.
Capacitors and inductors
(1) a set of valve-regulated battery

When the system is only one set of batteries can not be out of operation, nor for the discharge of the whole check, can only release 50% of the rated capacity of the terminal voltage of the battery pack during the discharge process, shall not be less than 2V × N. Discharge immediately after I10 ~ 2I10 current constant current voltage limited charging constant voltage charging floating charge. Repeatedly put to charge 2 or 3 times the capacity of the battery pack can be restored. Battery defects can identify and deal with. If the standby valve regulated battery pack as a temporary alternative, the group of valve-regulated battery can be used for the discharge of the whole check.

(2) two sets of valve regulated batteries

When the system has two sets of valve-regulated batteries, the first one set of valve-regulated battery pack for the discharge of the whole check. I10 constant discharge current when the battery pack terminal voltage down to 1.8V × N, to stop the discharge. Every 1 to 2 h, and then I10 ~ 2I10 current constant-current voltage limited charging constant voltage charging, float charging. Charge repeatedly put 2 or 3 times the battery problems can be detected, the capacity can be restored. If after 3 check the resistance put charging, the battery capacity were less than 80% of the rated capacity may be that this group valve-regulated battery useful life should arrange replacement.

(3) check valve-regulated battery discharge cycle

Valve-regulated battery pack after a new installation or overhaul should be carried out a full check discharge test. Every 2 to 3 years after the first check test. Run of six years after the valve-regulated batteries, each year for the first check discharge test.

6 Battery maintenance

Battery maintenance requirements in the IEEE documents in 1188 (VRLA battery) There are clear instructions, in accordance with the requirements in the standards and skilled personnel to perform any strict implementation of the IEEE standard, users will have a reliable back-up battery system.

The maintenance work involves the biggest problem is the safety of personnel, especially the high-voltage battery in the UPS. Not know much about Ohm s law, unskilled staff is not engaged in high-voltage battery aspects. Used without isolation transformers transformers for many of the newly installed UPS systems, so that each pole terminals in the battery string a ground AC high voltage, coupled with the fact known is no more space to get close to the pole terminals. UPS cabinet installation work is extremely dangerous.

The maintenance program must use a unified data measurement and recording methods, in order to do further analysis on the battery. Meanwhile, the

Speculated that the battery should be replaced, they can use these data to identify the existing problems in the system became apparent. To ensure the security of the backup power system, at the same time provide the necessary evidence for the claim.

6.1 Routine maintenance: the battery every week, check the following items:

(1) to remove surface dust, need not shed a soft cloth or other similar materials.
(2) Check the connections loose, heat and corrosion. Timely clean-up, make a rust-proof measures.
(3) The battery case for leaks and deformation.
(4) pole and the safety valve around the mist to escape, sealed VRLA batteries.
(5) battery pack float voltage.
(6) of each single float voltage lower than 2.18V, the battery should a balanced charge.
(7) checked daily ambient temperature and in a timely manner to adjust the float voltage. Best to use a power supply with automatic temperature compensation. Accurate data need to reference the data provided by the battery manufacturer.

6.2 Quarterly and annual maintenance

6.2.1 The internal resistance and resistance testing

Connection resistance, the battery internal resistance between the monomer modules should be measured once every quarter of resistance and connection resistance; VRLA batteries use more than four years, the test cycle should be shortened by half. The measured resistance was significantly higher than the last or close to failure to determine the value, close to the base value of 1.25 times. Test cycle should be shortened to half or 1/4 to meet or exceed the base value, should do the testing or power-down test of the complete capacity of the entire group. Average close to the internal resistance close to meet or exceed the base value for the battery internal resistance of the whole group, the monomer charge-discharge tests should be done. Activation test, when the single-body resistance than the base value of 50% or more, should not hesitate to replace the battery. Unconditionally for capacity testing or activation test system security conditions permit, the use of the system for a short time, about half an hour charge-discharge experiments. Again measure the resistance, such as to exceed the failure limit, you should replace the battery. Unconditionally for the above test, should be replaced immediately to the internal resistance meet or exceed the failure value of the monomer. Replace the batteries when you consider the internal resistance of the principle of matching. Replace the battery a few more, a total of more than 10 percent, failed to find the battery internal resistance of a better match, you should consider replacing the whole battery.

6.2.2 Capacity Test

Sealed batteries at least once a year to do a full capacity test or the depth of discharge test. The average of the entire set of internal resistance equals or exceeds the failure limit, have to do a full capacity test. Monomer capacity and activation of the internal resistance of the monomer is equal to or greater than the failure limits, you have to do.
Voltage Regulator
6.3 special maintenance

If the battery pack has the experience of abnormal conditions (such as service discharge, overcharge or ultra-high ambient temperature), then should be the first test. To confirm that the battery pack is not damaged. Check the contents with the annual inspection required.

7 test

 A battery system can play a role, you can use the following method to test it:

(1) The capacity test: because this is a test based on the formal theory, but also to determine the location of battery in the life cycle. The newly installed system capacity testing as part of acceptance testing.

(2) power-down testing: This method is the actual load test the battery system can be calculated by the test results, an objective and accurate battery capacity. Recommended that the test, as close as possible to meet time requirements. If a VRLA battery system, loading can not maintain the original voltage, should consider it to do a comprehensive test. VRLA batteries by adding load, local dried up, a normal phenomenon. However, if the terminal voltage of rapid decline, then the energy is depleted, the battery has been unable to support the normal functioning of the system.

(3) measuring internal ohmic resistance: resistance is the best indicator of battery status. This test method, although not as a load test of 100%, but the measurement of internal resistance of at least able to detect more than 95% battery. Load testing is the best way to determine the battery performance, but test the cost is very expensive. Where necessary, testing the internal resistance is a reasonable compromise. Under this program, VRLA measurement in each quarter of an internal resistance.

(4) of the valve-regulated battery voltage deviation in the operation of:

 
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 Therefore, simply relying on the measured voltage to determine if the battery is good or bad is not enough science. Battery system in order to achieve high reliability, should start from the purchase of the applicable battery, but also to ensure that they can be proper storage and installation, and maintenance and testing guidelines in the IEEE standard battery. Configure a permanently installed monitor or on-line monitoring system for the reliability of the system to provide maximum protection.

8 batteries to replace standard

Should replace the battery when the battery s actual capacity is lower than 80% of the value of the manufacturer s rated capacity. Replace the timing is a function of the size of standard applications, but also to compare various load conditions, the capacity of the border may value. 80% of the capacity that even if the battery has a load capacity to meet the DC system amps (current), its degradation rate is also increasing, such as service test results or to add new load requirements are not met, may request a replacement battery. Such as unusually high monomer / temperature physical properties. Usually also decided to replace the whole group or a single battery conditions, the monomer polarity reverse for further verification monomer / is a good indicator needs to be replaced. To replace the monomer / $, its electrical characteristics of a certain and prepared for the monomer / $ compatibility, and must be tested prior to installation. Not recommended monomer / replace the battery pack is close to failure.

A single voltage is still low after the corrective action (charging), then also need to be replaced for further verification monomer / is a good indicator. Failure in the continuity test monomer /, as long as there is an uncorrectable conditions, it must be replaced immediately.

9 Conclusion

This article battery purchase, acceptance, use and maintenance described in detail. Correct understanding of the battery, the scientific use of batteries, to master the method of testing and selection of batteries, reasonable and reliable to manage and maintain the battery, to ensure that the battery a longer life span, to safeguard the interests of the investors.

 With the pressure test, rectification, replacement, and the morning of June 22, Jiangsu Oilfield try to adopt a plant Zhenwu gas station gas purification treatment plant went into operation. Overhaul of a period of 40 days finally came to an end, the whole station up and down numerous relief. Maintenance of these days, I truly feel that the share of the professionalism of all Communist Party members in the station work. They work hard, work style of hard working and selfless dedication to the station workers left a deep impression.

    There are 22 Communists, which I deeply feel I got the party branch of the human resources to our more than 90 units. This is a picture text. Although I would like to retain it work clothes on a piece of white salted, leave them sweating in the heat image. But I can not at any time to capture them, not to shoot the moving picture of an increase, because it is too much. I can only afar, by their actions to motivate yourself to work.

    Device to enter the maintenance ever since the May 12, 2009, party members will no longer have the weekend, even small Dragon Boat Festival holiday in the repair site busy. These days the temperature has been high, owners and clerks under the leadership of defying summer heat, to overcome problems, security overhaul went into operation as the goal, fighting on all fronts in the overhaul.

    Won numerous exemplary team maintenance of large classes of plant Party demonstration area, is the kind where there is a need where there are difficulties where there is danger where the excellent team. The entire overhaul, they always carry forward the excellent quality of the Communists, the station can be seen on their busy figure. Small office information office decoration finishing all the rooms, large flat gate of the high and dangerous parts of the whole device rust paint, the unit area maintenance, fire water tank and pump maintenance, instrument tray bracket … too many trivial, temporary, unexpected thing by them to complete. They are always unknown to try to do everything, always in a hurry to see them and hurried footsteps, wet and dry as wet work clothes, which is the true nature of Communist Party members.air compressor parts

    The construction of the device area, flare up, cleaning, transformation is the key to the whole overhaul, whether the safe production of construction safety and construction quality of a direct relationship to the next production cycle. Process monitor Communists captain, secretary of the construction safety supervision work to want to co-ordinate the maintenance of station construction and safety, they put a process and the distillation unit area is known as "Little Tiger" prodigy, "said Akiko. Akiko by virtue of his familiarity with the process of the station and his witty, talented and high degree of responsibility to work, live up to expectations, it will stop down the liquid, the process re-engineering, construction safety, pressure test replacement treatment in good order, to be a leader in the production The right-hand man. His daughter in elementary school in Yangzhou, has recently been sick cough, but in the maintenance, but he no rest day, work was busy working the five o clock at the weekend is only removed two hours the bus back to Jiang Yang, two days early in the morning we spot in the maintenance of the construction site. Everyone saw him feel the weight loss many, he said, as long as the security overhaul to smooth operation, off the couple of pounds of meat What are they afraid.

    From the office renovation in late April, electricians Hadron no break one weekend. His business is a comprehensive, excellent quality, strong sense of responsibility. Often dusk was sweaty away. Each office network telephone lines refresh all across the connection, to become the operator and supervisor of the renovation site. After the start of the overhaul, he was with us dry Instrument maintenance work. Addition to the scene of dozens of level gauge, pressure transmitter, control valve, orifice meter, and all the maintenance efficacy, but also part of the instrument. Overhaul the construction of the instrument line of construction workers has no intention to damage, potentially valuable addition to our workload. We had to re-frame tube wiring. From cutting the pipe to the sets of deduction to the threading dry rhythmic, sweaty. He is the only gay in our instrument repair group, is also a good instrument technician helper.

    The instrument live some obscure little live, but the lack of it is absolutely not. Each valve switch is flexible and easy to use, each pressure transmitter and level floats the display is normal, every trip to the power wiring is correct, every trip to the gas source is smooth, have a direct impact device can normally production. Throughout the repair, we must not only ensure the standards of the field hardware and, more importantly, is that software systems are in working order. The overhaul has four storage tanks and distillation unit to increase the computer parameter display. Will refresh the entire software production. Instrument technician Lan child of the husband in Beijing, Ph.D., a young child, her mother in bad health, but in the maintenance of forty days, she did not rest a day, always spare, the home would also like to cook do housework care the elderly and children, and wrote here, my tears have been some uncontrollable. The joint efforts of the entire instrument cluster, ensure that the instrument hardware to fully meet the production conditions, this two-day orchid child began to be busy from the instrument software, which is required certain technical content, we can not help her. In order not to affect the repair progress, at noon on these two days she was always busy until twelve o clock at night busy six or seven points only to go home. This year she has been officially fill in a form to become a party activists. I hope she s early accession to the party organizations of this family.
compressor valves
    Boiler of the boiler room of the party members female squad plum and party members and female technician Eiko heavy responsibilities, not Pazang not afraid of hardship, got into the furnace maintenance furnace, I stood under the joint efforts of the whole boiler class workers, the safe operation of twenty-five years, each sub-test standards, which have to say is a miracle.

    There are party members of the unit class squad of 50-year-old master, led the class of three large natural gas compressors and two ammonia compressor maintenance. Please manufacturer maintenance, more than 10 million maintenance fees, Master Chen explore several machine maintenance intact, entirely normal after the trial run with his careful in their daily work.

    "July" the party s birthday is coming, my station, party members and their own actions and presented a gift to the party. The entire repair process, there is too much I moved things that touched people s hearts scenes keep flashing in my eyes he is a proud, but also inspired me in the future with their as an example to redouble their efforts to work.

With the continuous development of science and technology progress, the economic construction of industrial automation is getting higher and higher have put forward new requirements for the operation and sand making equipment, sand making machine playing an increasingly important economic areas role. Sand increasingly competitive, highly automated, intelligent, multi-function, high efficiency, low consumption of mining equipment more and more favored by the industry.

In recent years, Henan, China and Germany Heavy Industry Science & Technology Co., Ltd. compared to traditional sand making machine, to produce a new type of sand making machine in terms of performance, simplicity, high productivity, supporting better and more automated features. Future Sand with the trend of industrial automation, and promote the overall level of mining equipment. Such as the new smart intelligent CNC system, the encoder and the digital control components, power load control equipment has been generally applied to the sand making equipment, the equipment users more independence during the operation, flexibility, operating correctness high efficiency and compatibility.

It is understood that foreign mining and sand making machine with high levels of countries, mainly the United States, Germany, Japan, Italy and the UK. Germany\\ s Sand in the design, manufacture and technical performance leading position. In recent years, the development of these countries, mines and sand making equipment showing a new trend.

New Sino-German Heavy Sand With the ability to further crushing materials, but also to be known as crusherzy.com/key-impact-hammers-crusher-107/">impact crusher, new sand making machine, not a professional commitment to the fragmentation function, jaw crusher is the professional coarse broken materials, broken materials have a new Sand or efficient Sand further crushing, the best finished products.

The main component of the plastic sheet is abandoned corners of wood flour, wpc wood fragments and residue wpc wood, with good rigidity and toughness, can be nails, drilling, grinding, sawing, planing, paint, but not easily deformed, against cracking, it is furniture industry, interior decoration, packaging, travel, interiors industry as well as future wood house construction

Choose the green sheet in the sheet market will set off a new revolution.
Outdoor plastic sheet and timber processing characteristics, the use of ordinary tools, sawing, drilling, and on the nail, and is very convenient, can be used like ordinary wood. Wood wood texture and plastic water-resistant anti-corrosion properties, making it an excellent and extremely resistant to

With outdoor water corrosion of building materials (wood-plastic flooring, wood siding, wood fences, wood stool, wood slats, wood landscape projects.

  The air conditioning system is developed on the basis of general air-conditioning systems, Cooling coil a full and general air-conditioning systems are basically the same, but there are

particularity.
    In order to purify the room to maintain the required air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, pressure and cleanliness parameters, the most common way to

transport a certain amount to the indoor clean air treated to eliminate the clean room hot ,slot diffuser  wet disturbed volume and pollutants. Into the clean room with access to a

certain state of air on the air through a set of equipment for processing, and continue into the room and discharged from the interior, in order to achieve the purpose of

temperature, humidity conditioning and air purification.

I am a 80, the early years, I was seven Pu Road, Shanghai, children s clothing wholesale business. Dry years, are also considered to have little achievements. I Huzhou, seeing the past few years weaving children s clothing market is bigger and bigger, the germination of the idea back home venture.
zipper making machine
    In weaving in 2010, I took a few years to save the savings to rent a house, the founder of a children s clothing zipper making machine factory. Done before the children s clothing wholesale experience, I think the children s wear market in the future, branding will become more apparent. In the early stages of business start-apply for registration "mini-music" brand, and sent designers regularly every year in Korea, designed exclusively for mini-music "style children s clothing.

    It is the boss, but micro-enterprises such as ours, from design, business management, each step had its own hands, hard work far beyond my imagination. Fortunately, in recent years, more and more perfect organization of children s clothing market environment. Remember enterprises newly established in some accessories to get the field to buy, and now in the vicinity can buy, and greatly reduces the cost of doing business. Coupled with the past few years weaving Kids fame getting louder and louder, wholesalers around the country to purchase weaving, stable customer base, business naturally get better and better, like "mini music, currently in the country There are eight provinces and cities have agents in the business of our brand.

    To weaving in and set up factories in the former, many people tried to persuade me that the heavy burden of doing business, especially the first two years of economic downturn, not worthwhile to put down the stability of the wholesale business to do the zipper production depot. But may be my luck Well, since last year the government unveiled a series of policies to help support our small micro enterprises, just tax each year will be able to save several million, reducing the burden on us, let us on the development of enterprises more confidence. Next, I intend to develop online marketing, to further explore the source, hope can "mini music" brand bigger and stronger.
bag making machine
    Earn life pot of gold

    Memory character: He Jianxin Bali Dian shift along the villagers in

    I was the shift Wuxing Bali Dian wearing mediated dam villages the villagers along the Village, for generations, farming, before I was 40 years old, never dreamed there would one day from the farmers to become entrepreneurs.

    In 2006, the city and Zhejiang University signed a cooperation agreement to build a provincial new socialist countryside experimental demonstration area. Before long, our village was listed as the first city school cooperation and development of modern agriculture pilot villages, the full implementation of the land transfer system. I have six acres of land, only two or three thousand dollars in the past difficult year income, after the land transfer, land per acre year-ray rental there is 1000 yuan, just do not work income than ever before.

    In fact, as early as 2004, the family bought a warp knitting machine spare time my wife and I live to earn money with this machine contact. Land transfer from the fields to "liberate" came out, was a professor at Zhejiang University to the village to teach us, encourage to make room after the land transfer energy to do business, to achieve the status change. His speech inspired me, I was determined to do a good career.

    I raise $ 50 million, the home machine replaced a large machine to concentrate on the warp knitted fabric business. I did not expect to actually break a way of life has undergone enormous changes: In 2008, I make a pot of gold of life, a full 20 million! My wife and I was very excited, holding each other crying. With the money I borrow money to buy a Passat car, has become wear mediated dam natural village is the first open car, was indescribably proud.

    Later warp business bigger and bigger, the days become better. In 2009, I made a three-layer new house, make the first one million in 2010, the partnership with a friend last year acquired a printing and dyeing.
    Although in recent years the more money you earn more, but I have been pondering, but also further Zhejiang University professor to ask, hoping to invest in emerging industries to achieve the transformation and upgrading.

    Re-appointment to do "the wave of mother

    Memory People: Wang Haizhen OSM group Huzhou store manager

    I called Haizhen, 49, a few years ago and her husband both both laid-off. Done in the enterprise for decades, suddenly not feeling the way forward. However, in reality does not allow us to collapse, the son is in school, it is to spend money, then I have been silently in their hearts said, "As long as it pays off" to his son to the family, working hard but also smiled and hold down .

    Middle-aged, no expertise, no craft, to be looking for a stable job is really not an easy task. Just laid off from the breath, I have done a lot of living. In the job search process, I found a lot of work requirements will be a computer, although before never had, but I am more stronger, was firmly decided to take this "unyielding" bite down. Hard work pays off, whether typing or the Internet have not beat me.

    Fortunately, the door finally in 2008 opened to me. Year, the European Poetry Man Group the Huzhou store manager hired me as a manager, I finally found a stable job. Re-appointment, I found the value of life. In order to self-betterment, all these years every time there are training opportunities, I cherish, usually free I always love to read books and read the newspapers to learn the latest information. At the same time, the husband is also in Lake City, a supermarket to find a job, because of outstanding performance, and l office.

    The pressures of life, I have more opportunity to experience a wonderful life, the network opened up another world for me. In recent years, and her husband each year to travel, I also joined the group of climbers and recreational groups, and group of friends together hiking, sing KTV, our unit, the girl called me "The tide mother".

    Work, especially with dignity
Film Blowing Machine
    Memory figures: Tangli Qin Zhe Jiang Jiuli Special Material Technology Co., Ltd. employees

    Special Material Technology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Jiang Jiuli a front-line employees, engaged in pipe repair work.

    2009 "The long-established" after the listing, as employees, we have witnessed the development of enterprises, but also enjoy the benefits of enterprise development. In recent years, "long established" built a new plant, to improve staff working conditions, introduction of advanced equipment, reducing the intensity of our work. The companies also carefully develop training programs for employees to help us to improve the professional quality. The most important thing is that our revenue doubled in the past few years is growing, I remember my annual income was 30,000 yuan in 2007, last year, revenue has reached 80,000 yuan, which I used to dream of ever thought.

    One more thing I must mention, listed companies, the introduction of a series of advanced management methods, especially the "lean management" is the most gain their support. As long as the "long established" employees, regardless of the production process or enterprise system management, even the details of life have a voice, upon the adoption of incentives, which we feel is no longer a working, but the big one in the family, the development of enterprises are closely linked with each of us. This kind of work atmosphere make us feel special attention, especially dignity.

    Links:

    Over the past five years, the city s comprehensive strength continuously enhance the GDP increased from 75.309 billion yuan in 2006 to 151.883 billion yuan in 2011, calculated at comparable prices, an average annual growth of 11.4%. 2011 total fiscal revenue of 21.908 billion yuan, the local revenue of 12.212 billion yuan, respectively, 2.4 and 2.5 times in 2006, average annual growth of 19.0% and 19.7%. Urban and rural incomes is increasing year by year, the standard of living improved steadily: in 2011, the urban area of ​​urban residents per capita disposable income and net income of rural residents reached 29,591 yuan and 15,381 yuan, an increase of 69.1 percent in 2006, 84.6 percent average annual growth of 11.1%. and 13.0%.

    Five years, the city has accelerated to promote the transformation and upgrading, especially the accelerated pace of industrial transformation and upgrading. During the city s efforts to transform and upgrade traditional pillar industries, bigger and stronger competitive industries, nurture and develop high-tech industries, accelerate the development of industries with local advantages, the industrial economy has grown strength, as of last year, has 14 listed companies, including domestic listed 11 Overseas Listing 3. The rapid urban and rural areas, the new rural construction with remarkable results. With the made further progress with Zhejiang University and other colleges and universities institutes cumulative implementation of the City, school cooperation projects in 1200 a number of parties to work together to build the new rural pattern is fully formed with Zhejiang University to build the new rural experimental demonstration area. The construction of the beautiful countryside by the provincial government in the province to promote the new rural construction "Huzhou model" in the country have a certain impact.

    In addition, the city s social security system continues to improve, attention has been paid employment and reemployment. The city s cumulative number of urban jobs between 2007-2011, 28.2 million people, 11.3 million of workers re-employment, the average annual urban registered unemployment rate controlled at less than 4%.

British Reuters news agency reported on April 12, the original question: Exporters: either change or demise Chen Lifeng (sound) zipper production company survived the global financial crisis, it may become a victim of the current economic slowdown. Beijing believes that today s economic slowdown is necessary to ensure future growth.

Ningbo Teng Sheng, Chen s zipper making machine (sound) the company is struggling to cope with overseas orders to reduce the rapid increases in wages, the growth in raw material prices and other challenges, originally less profitable once again being eroded. Chen said, pointing to the factory idle for a sewing machine: "We have made every effort, but frankly speaking I do not know how long the business can maintain." If change to keep up with the pace of the next phase of growth in China, like Teng Sheng zipper making machine so that many companies may face extinction. This forced them to accept a painful core principles of capitalism: creative destruction. Can not change the company will cease to exist.Film Blowing Machine

Beijing appears ready to accept such a situation. And the massive economic stimulus package in 2009, the Chinese government did not prevent the economic slowdown, and to develop a lower economic growth target.

Ningbo flourish in the labor-intensive, old-growth mode, and now instead invested heavily in building up the Hi-Tech Park. In the city center, shopping malls packed with affluent consumers, their fashion needs that the expectations of the consumer-driven economy.

The Chinese Premier said last month to carry out structural reforms, shifting away from dependence on low-end exports, prompting manufacturers to shift to the global value chain. To raise wages is part of efforts, China s latest five-year plan that the annual wage increase of 15%. This could be the small business would be to its doom.
bag making machine
Up to now, the new export orders received by Chinese enterprises has decreased by 30-40% compared with the same period last year. On the other hand, the average monthly wage of workers has increased by 10-20%. In addition, private enterprise is also responsible for workers social and medical insurance, and the provision of quarters for the workers. Companies do not have the funds to the introduction of automated production lines, not to mention the brand building.

Under the pressure of Vietnam, Cambodia and other countries, Chinese enterprises must be transferred to the value chain to survive. Ningbo Municipal Government has begun to take measures to organize trade fairs at home and abroad, help the plant to shift production inland or even overseas. The key question is whether the Chinese exporters to transfer to the global value chain, which is the key to avoid to fall into the "middle income trap".
zipper making machine

The major roads of the mining machinery industry structural adjustment: as the backbone of a national, industry-level engineering R & D centers and laboratories throughout the development of common industrial technology development alliance, as soon as possible to establish the system and display the role of the industry of independent renovation; break the constraints in transition into the class key technology to accelerate the mining machinery industry in China by the technical simulation technology to track to technological innovation, technology integration change to senior, leading technology and equipment to enter, limited to middle and low equipment; innovative products, is different and process, the invention is more tall sophisticated mining machinery and equipment, and improve the complete set of major technical equipment, high-tech and the level of autonomy; investment in fixed assets and technological change special to phase out outdated, tightening of excess capacity-oriented, and firmly prohibit the expansion of the low level of range, while , to exercise restraint epitaxial development investment excited, pay more attention to the input of the connotation of development, focusing on the promotion of human resources, business management and soft power such as the revitalization of the supply of intellectual support for industrial restructuring.

        Occupied a major position and role of mining machinery in the economic construction, science and technology to enhance and social development, the development of mining machinery and advanced technology and human, ancient superstition and overall industrial level non-relative, therefore, a special science and mechanical engineering with mining closely connected to the development of the subject. Mining machinery manufacturing industry is the country to establish the basic independent industrial system, is also weighing a national industrial strength of the mark, is the pillar industry of the citizens of the economic production of stone production line. The development of the mining machinery industry has a great impact on the development of the country. The mining machinery industry should be followed by the pace of development of the times, move to the development, the ability to better service in the development of the country. Social development, mining machinery industry should continue to timely adjustments in order to better development.

        The original society is an agile development of future technology and the information society, many industry should continue to timely construct the swap, progressive skill level, followed during the development environment forward. Only by constantly followed by the pace of the times, the talent better companies have been developing, solid and broken foot.

         The main obligations of the mining machinery industry structure adjustment is: the use of information technology to transform and upgrade the traditional, to enhance the production and processing of the initiative, and information and intelligence; the use of high-tech, progressive real use of technology to upgrade the product amount, to promote information technology and industrialization the mix; attached to a major national scientific and technological projects and the names of the major technologies and equipment, to break the constraints of the development of the mining machinery industry centers of technology, key technologies and the crux of equipment, key parts of the research and development, and enhance their international competitiveness; developing low-carbon green to create a technology Mining and milling machine, the market should be energy, water, materials, efficient, environmentally friendly, low infection emissions from mechanical and electrical products, development in line with the policy and market demand for environmentally friendly, intelligent, digital, high-value-added products, to provide satisfactory response to user need efficient, high-parametric, integrated and flexible equipment and production lines; accelerate the development of high-tech cluster, supporting the emerging development of new energy, new information, new technology, information technology, energy saving and environmental protection; accelerated hair show on behalf of the services to create , support the development of unmatched upper hand in the labor-intensive industry; accelerated phase-out and update the high energy consumption, high pollution, a major drain on resources behind the product and build a resource frugal, and environmental friendliness type.

Woodplastic louver panels to analyze the development trend of China WPC is as follows:
 WPC material in most cases can replace the use of wood, and forest resource-poor in China instead of wood, WPC, broad market prospects, coupled with the wide variety of sources of raw

material for the manufacture of WPC materials, recycling of resources the scientific concept of development, waste material production the WPC variable waste into treasure, with its

far-reaching historical significance and economic value.
      
      Characteristics of WPC materials
      Low water absorption materials and difficult to deformation and cracking; can not easily be destroyed by insects and mildew; high mechanical properties, light, moisture, acid and

alkali, non-perishable, easy to clean; workability, can be sawed, planed, nailed, be easily cleaned; up to 92% the proportion of raw material use of waste resources, the main raw

material for a wide array of sources, and 100% recycled, in line with the sustainable development of China\\ s industrial policy.
        
      Sources of raw materials of manufacturing WPC
      The main raw material for production of WPC can be more than 92% of waste plastic and agricultural waste (rice bran, wheat straw, sawdust, bamboo powder plant cellulose) to solve

the waste plastic environmental pollution caused by agricultural straw burning caused by air pollution.
     Wide range of sources of plant cellulose, the domestic agricultural fiber, including rice bran, all kinds of straw, the annual production in thousands of tons or more, should be

over one million tons of wpc wood flour and other natural fibers 500 to 1000 tons. The value of these resources in the tens of billions more, they are one of the valuable resources of

China.
      According to statistics, the waste plastic material of the major cities in China accounted for 3-5% of the total garbage, the waste plastics generated by China\\ s urban population

is 100 million tons each year. This figure is continuing to rise, from the overall situation of China\\ s plastic and can be used for waste polyolefin raw materials for WPC production is

its rich.

 Learn to speak in the 11th International Conference of biocomposites An industry source estimated that wood plastic slats, doors and windows board market in China is growing at a speed of 11% per year. Headquarters is located in Milburn, New Jersey, USA FuturesoftTechnologiesInc president of

WayneSong said: \"The wood plastic composite materials in the Chinese market potential.\" Song said China 15.4 billion -192 billion square feet of building to be built each year, even more than the sum of all developed countries. Therefore, energy-efficient wood plastic composite window has become a very attractive solution. Song in

Conference: energy-saving building materials in China has huge market, the potential of wood plastic composite materials in the interior is particularly great. \"Song said, his company and the subsidiary bodies in China has developed a hybrid wood plastic composites and aluminum windows. This has been in China more than 100 patents

System can be used in buildings up to 330 feet. Song said China to build 4.8 billion square feet of windows and doors. This figure of approximately doubled the doors and windows used in the renovation of existing housing

Limited space requirements for the form factor of the pneumatic components as small as possible, the miniaturization of the major trends. Minimum cylinder bore of only f2.5, and the preparation of the switch; solenoid valve width of only 10mm, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​5 mm2; interface f4 pressure reducing valve has been developed. According to the survey, the demand for miniaturization of components, approximately doubling every five years.

Valve integrated not only together a few valve installed, and also includes features such as sensors, programmable logic controller. Integrated not only save space, as well as conducive to the installation, maintenance and reliability.

2, the precision
glow plugs
In order to more accurate positioning of the cylinder, the use of the sensor, the proportional valve to achieve the feedback control, the positioning accuracy of 0.01mm.

Also developed the cylinder precision 0.3mm / s, low speed cylinders, and 0.01N small load cylinder.

Air source treatment, filtration accuracy of 0.01mm, the filtration efficiency of 99.9999% of the filter and sensitivity 0.001MPa pressure reducing valve has been developed.

3, combined, intelligent

Import pneumatic tool component combination with valve, with a switch cylinder. Has been used in material handling, cylinder, rotary actuator, pneumatic chucks and vacuum actuator sucker combination; two combination of a mobile small items is with a guide cylinder press X and Y shaft combination that comes with the solenoid valve, the control box, compact, small footprint, adjustable stroke.

Japanese fine (strain) the development of the smart valve with sensors and logic circuits, pneumatic and combination of photovoltaic technology. No external actuator can be directly read the sensor signals, by the logic circuit judge to decide the smart valve and subsequent implementation of the components.

Development of functional modules has a history of more than ten years, and now continue to improve. These common module can be a combination of several programs in order to achieve different mechanical functions, economic, practical and convenient.

4, mechanical and electrical integration

In order to accurately pre-set control target (such as switches, speed, output power, position, etc.) should be used the closed-loop feedback control mode. Gas – between the electrical signal conversion, became the key to achieve closed-loop control, the proportional control valve can become the interface of such a conversion. The development of various forms of proportional control valve and electric – gas ratio for a long period of time / servo system and its performance, reliable, cheap air technology development is a major issue.Solenoid Throttle Valve

Now has a lot of application examples of the proportional / servo system, such as the precise positioning of the cylinder; for the vehicle suspension system to achieve good damping properties; cable car turn automatically when you tilt the device; to serve the patient s robot. The above examples are more practical and more economical to be further improved.

5, standardization

Implement the standards, especially ISO international standards companies must comply with the principle. There are two aspects of the work to be done: the first pneumatic products should carry with pneumatic relevant existing standards, such as terminology, technical parameters, test methods, installation size and safety indicators. Enterprises should establish standards for assurance system, 3: quality (ISO 9000), environmental (ISO 14000) and safety (the ISO18000).

Standards continue to add and amend the company and its products will follow sustainable development and updates, the only way to promote the steady development of pneumatic technology.

6, security

From the recent promulgation of the pneumatic ISO international standards shows that the very strict requirements on imports of pneumatic tools, components and systems security. ISO4414 pneumatic General Principles in the element of risk is divided into 14 categories, mechanical strength, electrical, noise, out of control. ISO International Organization issued ISO18000 standard requires enterprises to establish a safety assurance system, and security issues particularly important on the agenda. To this end, the product development and system design to seriously consider the safety index is the general trend of aerodynamic technology development. Domestic enterprises, the industry standard in the past neglect of safety issues, the need for re-examination of the products have been put into the market and correction.

7, oil-free, odorless, sterile

Humanity s increasingly high demand for oil-free lubrication of pneumatic components popularization. Some special industries, such as food, beverage, pharmaceutical, electronics and other more stringent requirements on the air, with the exception of oil-free, also requires odorless, sterile, and special requirements such as the filter will be developed.

8, the application of new technologies, new processes, new materialsVacuum Actuator

Profile extrusion, casting infiltration, and module assembly technology a decade ago has been widely applied in the country. Luo Baihui Secretary-General recommends, hardware and tools industry, scientific and technical personnel should pay special attention to the die-casting a new technology (hydraulic core pulling, vacuum actuators, die-casting, etc.), deburring new technology (explosion, electrolysis, etc.), piezoelectric technology, the bus new soft magnetic materials, dialysis membrane applications, the seal technology, super finishing and nanotechnology trends.

9, to meet the special requirements of certain industries

Special pneumatic components is an important aspect of opening up markets in the fierce market competition, developed for the specific requirements of certain industries, the plants are very concerned about. Recently developed by the domestic air industry such as Chalco special cylinder (high temperature, self-locking), special railway cylinder (earthquake, high reliability), the tracks lubrication valve (anti-low temperature, filtering capabilities), environmentally friendly vacuum actuator gas system (multi-media, performance is excellent).

10, energy saving, environmental protection, low-power

Energy conservation is a permanent issue, and provides for the establishment of ISO14000 environmental protection system standard. Pneumatic components of the low-power not only for energy saving, it is more important is the combination with microelectronics technology. Power consumption of 0.5W solenoid valve has long been commercialized, 0.4W, 0.3W valve has been developed by the PC direct control.

The pressure reducing valve is a specialized device to automatically reduce pipeline pressure, high water pressure in the pipeline valve before it can be reduced to the level of the valve after the piping required. The valve is widely used in high-rise buildings, urban water supply network water pressure is too high areas, mines and other occasions, in order to ensure the water supply system water point of access to appropriate pressure and flow. In view of the water loss rate and extent of waste is almost the same pressure is proportional to the size of the water supply system, therefore reducing valve to improve the system operating conditions and potential water-saving role, according to statistics, the saving effect of about 30%.sanitary pipe fittings
Constructed type of valve past common thin film, the inner spring piston. The pressure reducing valve, the basic mechanism is to rely on the local resistance of the flow channel on the flow valve to reduce water pressure, water pressure drop range automatically adjust the import and export the water pressure by connecting the valve film or both sides of the piston. In recent years, some new pressure reducing valve, such as fixed ratio pressure reducing valve, the fundamentals of the structure shown in Figure 14.2-2 shown. Given decompression principle is the use of body floating piston in the hydraulic pressure than the control, import and export of side decompression than to import and export side of the piston area is inversely proportional to. This pressure reducing valve work smoothly without vibration; the valve body spring, so spring corrosion, metal fatigue failure of the consideration; good sealing performance, no leakage, and thus both less dynamic pressure (water flow) also reduced static pressure (flow rate 0:00); especially in the decompression at the same time does not affect the water flow.stainless steel pipe fittings
Pressure reducing valve is usually of DN50 ~ DN100, and other specifications, the valve working pressure before and after <1MPa and 0.1 ~ 0.5MPa regulator range error of ± 5% to 10%.stainless steel eblow
Should be noted that although a lot of head loss through the valve, the flow, but due to the reduction of water wastage and a reasonable distribution of traffic, improve the system layout and operating conditions, so generally speaking is still energy-efficient

Wood flooring, railings performance is excellent, water resistance, chemical corrosion, insects and decay, emit no formaldehyde and other toxic substances, green building materials, easy to install, beautiful color
Product Features:
Wood products and logs the same processing performance, nailing, drilling, planing, and can be sticky, smooth and delicate surface without sanding and paint, paint adhesion is good, can also be painted according to personal preferences.
Wood products to abandon the natural defects of wpc wood such as cracking, warping, color, etc., so do not need regular maintenance.
3 the bending characteristics of the wood products, suitable for room and installed a variety of particle board strips and decorative materials.
The unique technology of wood products can meet the needs of a variety of specifications, dimensions, shape, thickness, etc. This also includes a variety of designs, colors and wood manufactures, without sanding, painting, and reduce the late fee processing costs, to give the customer more choices.
Wood products has fireproof, waterproof, corrosion-resistant, resistant to moisture, will not be moth-eaten, not long fungi, acid and alkali, no poison, no pollution and other fine performance.
(6) the long service life of wood products can be thermoformed, high strength, saving energy.
Wood products are hard, the amount of light, heat, smooth surface, free of formaldehyde and other harmful substances, no poison, no pollution.

Place in Nanjing, Sun Yat-sen, Beiji Ge Square and Green Expo Garden, you can see a lot with the wood texture of the plastic park bench. \" The reporter was informed that the phase of this \"WPC\" building tailor-made for the Olympic Games the Olympic Park, and change the design of the original part of the wooden building pieces became the \"WPC\", to provide the product is the Nanjing Jufeng new materials company. \"In accordance with the original design, the Olympic Park with 90,000 cubic meters of wood architectural pieces Later, however, the principle of environmental protection and green, the construction side of all wood raw material into a environmentally friendly products.\" Nanjing Jufeng Materials, Inc. Vice President Ding Jiansheng told reporters, Olympic Park will provide 3000 tons -5000 tons of wpc wood products for the construction of the original wooden structure built within the park along the cliff, chairs and flower pots. The end of last year, their product has been transported to Beijing for experimental and demonstration area in the part of the park through the summer and winter to adapt to these guinea pigs completed the task well, without any problems. \"Now, we need to design new products, so the task is still very heavy.\" He said. The WPC There are no magic in the features? Ding Jiansheng said, \"The WPC is made of waste plastic and rice husk, wheat straw and other raw materials that can replace wood, the more popular form of building materials,\" he said, waste plastic and waste wood In accordance with the water-resistant anti-corrosion characteristics of both plastic and wood products of a certain proportion of the magic combination of output, but also the texture of wood, can be used as flooring, fence, stool or waterfront landscape outdoor building materials. Ding Jiansheng said that one ton of wood products, representing a decrease of 60,000 discarded plastic bags pollution, equivalent to the felling of a 30-year-old eucalyptus. In addition, the life cycle of about 12 years -22 years after the end of these wood products can also be recycled. Therefore, the effect of this two-way cycle is unmatched by other materials. Ding Jiansheng told reporters, compared to wood, WPC price, which is equivalent to the price of high-grade wood preservative in the wood. He said: \"Nanjing Mausoleum scenic area of ??the lounge chair and the Qinhuai side plank road, try to use the Jufeng the WPC products, Green Expo Garden Jufeng products, but 80% of exports.\" It is , the plastic this particular component, the material produced by the architectural pieces not only not afraid of water, and do not paint will be able to log the color, while its biggest advantage is afraid of corrosion.

1 Introduction

Environmental pollution, ecological damage and resource depletion become increasingly serious in recent years, countries around the world competing for the implementation of sustainable energy policy, including the use of solar power the most watched. Solar cell power generation has a safe and reliable, no pollution, no fuel consumption, no mechanical moving parts, low failure rate, easy maintenance and so unique advantages, especially with buildings combined to form a photovoltaic rooftop power generation system and therefore subject to all states emphasize and strengthen [5]. With the popularity of the application, the corresponding household PV installations will also be more and more household PV installations is necessary to meet the needs of users, as well as reliability and security. Based on this, for the dual function of the independent grid research and design, experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the design.

2 System structure

Research and design of the households with multi-function photovoltaic power generation system

The inverter system is to transform the DC into AC, the core of the inverter circuit, complete inverter function through the opening of the power electronic devices and shutdown. The opening of the shutdown of the power electronic devices requires an appropriate control signal. Inverter system according to the actual needs of the system, designed mainly by the main circuit, control circuit, protection circuits, communication circuits, auxiliary power supply, input filter, output filter composed of several parts. Inverter system uses the basic structure of the block diagram shown in Figure 1, the control core used TI TMS320F2812 DSP chip.

Three main circuit structure and parameter design

Inverter main circuit structure of a variety of forms, according to the control objectives of the system, using single-phase full-bridge type with a main circuit structure of power frequency transformer isolation transformer input to the anti-anti-diode and current limiting resistor, the main The circuit diagram shown in Figure 2.

When working in a separate inverter mode, the LC filter; inverter work in grid mode, in order to reduce the capacitor filter phase L filter, the capacitor C through the switch is turned off.

Research and design of the households with multi-function photovoltaic power generation systemVoltage Conditioner

Taking into account factors such as capacity and frequency, the system of the main circuit switch select power MOSFETs. Among them, the choice of filter inductance as much as possible to filter out the high harmonics of the modulation wave, to improve the quality of the output waveform can not be too low compared to the high frequency impedance of the high frequency impedance of the filter inductor and filter capacitor, filter inductance inductance values not too small. To meet the quality of the output waveform, a sampling period, the biggest change in the amount of the inductor current is less than to allow the inductor current ripple △ ILfmax. The role of the filter capacitor is to filter the output voltage and filter inductor with high frequency harmonics, thus improving the output voltage waveform, the smaller the larger the filter capacitor of the output voltage THD value. From the circuit point of view, however, in the case of constant output voltage, increasing the filter capacitor will cause the filter capacitor current increases, the amount of non-functioning of the inverter increases, the losses increase, loss of efficiency, therefore, the filter capacitor should not be too big. Therefore, the principle of selection of the filter capacitor is to ensure that the output voltage THD value to meet the requirements, the value is as small as possible. At the same time the use of high-frequency characteristics should be better, the smaller loss CBB capacitors [4]. This paper, the design of the inverter power devices switching frequency of 15kHz, the design cutoff frequency fC is 2kHz. Taking into account the system margin, calculated and taken into account, filter inductor 9mH, filter capacitor 3μF.

Control circuit structure and control strategy

The control circuit includes: signal detection circuit, driver and protection circuits, communication circuits, four parts, as shown in Figure 3.

Research and design of the households with multi-function photovoltaic power generation system

Control strategy with PI control. Which, independent of the inverter average voltage outer loop and voltage instantaneous value of the inner ring double-loop control, stable output voltage; grid inverter CVT maximum power point tracking, real-time tracking of the voltage current inner reference current, the inner current instantaneous feedback tracking control grid current, the amount of solar energy fed into the grid.

4.1 independent of inverter control

Independent of the inverter using the average outer ring voltage, feedback voltage instantaneous value of the inner double closed loop control system, the control block diagram shown in Figure 4. Among them, the average voltage outer loop regulator for the PI regulator, the voltage instantaneous value of the inner loop regulator is adjusted to P. Uf and voltage of the output voltage value of the average feedback given error signal Ug formed after the PI regulator voltage amplitude of the inner loop given, and then multiplied by the discrete sine table data, the formation of the inner ring of discrete sinusoidal voltage signal as a voltage instantaneous value a given instantaneous value of voltage to the error signal value and feedback value after P regulator to generate the PWM control signal, this signal is written to the 4-way DSP internal compare register CMPR1, CMPR2, compared with the triangular carrier PWM1 The ~ PWM4, the switching signal, the control of the main circuit power device off. The high frequency SPWM signal generated after the output LC filter with a standard sine wave output voltage, and then step-up transformer step-up to 220V/50Hz, to ensure the stability of the output voltage. Four independent inverter control block diagram
Control Transformer
4.2 grid inverter control

(1) solar photovoltaic grid

Grid-connected inverter using the outer ring of the DC voltage, grid current inner loop control strategy. Among them, the DC voltage outer loop PI regulator solar PV modules maximum power point tracking, the output of grid current amplitude given. The system first detects the voltage of the grid frequency, phase, so that after a phase-locked loop section and the grid current and grid voltage phase with the grid current for a given value multiplied by the discrete sine table data as a given value of grid current, the inner current regulator uses P regulator. P to adjust the output value write CMPR1, CMPR2 compared with the triangular carrier to produce the 4-way PWM1 ~ PWM4,, signal, control the main circuit power device turn-off, high frequency SPWM signal generated through the inductor L filter generate standard sine phase with the grid voltage and grid current through the inductor L filter input to the grid of the same frequency with pressure grid current, grid-connected inverter control block diagram shown in Figure 5.

Research and design of the households with multi-function photovoltaic power generation system

(2) The battery grid

Excess energy in the battery back to the grid, you must make the system work in the battery and network state. In this state, and the net current size is determined by the battery discharge curve [8]. In order to reasonably protect the battery, to prevent the discharge current and battery over-discharge by real-time sampling the battery voltage and discharge current, battery energy back to the grid. Battery and the network control block diagram shown in Figure 6.

Research and design of the households with multi-function photovoltaic power generation system

5 Communications

Communication part to complete the system status display and parameter settings, the system host computer using Microchip s 8-bit microcontroller the PIC16F877A, it TMS320F2812 serial communication using RS-485 communication protocol, two MAX485 chip to achieve two by the data exchange, communication schematic diagram shown in Figure 7.

 Research and design of the households with multi-function photovoltaic power generation system
Autotransformer
6 system software design

The system software is modular in design, including four parts: the main program, the timer interrupt program to capture the interrupt program, the power to protect interrupt routines. Among them, the main program, the running state of the detection device is normal and the command from the host computer while waiting for the arrival of interrupt; timer interrupt to complete the generation of AD detection and SPWM; capture interrupt to complete the grid inverter phase-locked purpose, to ensure that the grid current and grid voltage synchronization.

7 Experimental results and conclusions

Inverter is an independent inverter with resistive load, the output power of about 210W, the inverter output voltage and current waveform shown in Figure 8. Inverter in grid mode, the grid current and grid voltage waveform shown in Figure 9 as shown in the purple grid voltage waveform, green grid current waveform, the two same frequency and phase, and network units Power Factor.

Laser widely used is based on its characteristics. Good monochrome laser, but also high energy concentrated in a narrow direction, the laser beam can be focused on a variety of materials for drilling. This is very surprised. ruby ??laser output pulse energy to cook unfamiliar with an egg, but a hole drilled in the 3 mm steel plate. why the laser is so magical? The key is not the energy of light, its power, the laser power is high, and this is the basis of it various applications.

The laser has a monochromaticity, coherence and direction three main features.

(1) monochrome

We know that ordinary white light has seven colors, a wide frequency range. Wide frequency range of light waves in optical fibers can cause a lot of noise, so that the communication distance is very short, small communication capacity, while the laser is one kind of monochromatic light frequency range is very narrow divergence angle is small, only a few milli-arc, laser beam is almost a straight line of He-Ne laser line width, only the 10-8nm, very pure color. this light wave noise generated in optical fibers small, which can increase the distance relay, the expansion of communications capacity has now developed the single-frequency lasers, this laser is only one oscillation frequency of this laser can be more than one million lines of telephone information delivered directly to 100km outside. This communication system can meet the needs of the future information superhighway.

(2) high coherence

Dozens of one-watt light bulb, can only be used for general illumination. If its energy is concentrated in a 1m diameter ball, you can get a very high optical power density, this energy can plate penetrated. However, the ordinary light emission of light in all directions, the light can not be a high concentration of light emitted at different points in the ordinary light in different directions at different times are disorganized, the lens can not be gathered in point.

Laser with ordinary light is quite different compared to its frequency is very simple, light emitted from the laser in unison to spread in the same direction, with a lens they are converging to the point, a high concentration of energy, sending into the fiber, which is called the coherence of a giant pulse ruby ??laser brightness up 1015w/cm2 · sr, several times higher than the brightness of the sun\\ s surface.

Small semiconductor lasers for optical fiber communication and ordinary transistor. It sends the optical power is generally not too much, usually only a few milliwatts. If its energy is highly concentrated, it is easily coupled into the fiber. This is of great significance to increase the distance of optical fiber communication relay, and improve communication quality.

(3) strong direction

The directionality of the laser is much better than all other sources, it is almost a bunch of parallel lines if the laser to the moon, after 384,000 kilometers away, and only one of about 2km in diameter spot. Searchlight, the vast majority of light early in the middle of \"desertion\".

Ordinary light is always divergent in all directions, as is necessary for the lighting, but to bring this light to this point, the vast majority of energy will be wasted, inefficient semiconductor laser light emitted vast majority of very concentrated, very easily launched into the fiber end face.

Enter 2012, WPC floor quietly popular, it subdued the hearts of many consumers to low-carbon, green, environmental protection, recycling applications. Some experts assert that the

alternative to solid wood flooring wood flooring in the future, become the new trend of the flooring industry trends. Wood flooring, the words too literally, is a wood and plastic

combination. It with waste plastics and waste wood, agriculture, forestry, straw and other animal fibers as a substrate, at the same time adhere to the solid wood flooring affinity, but

also has good water resistance of the moisture, insects, and other functions. At the same time, wood floors recyclable applications, be regarded as the true sense can be recycled,

renewable, eco-WPC data. Belongs to energy-saving and environment-friendly products on consumers, wpc wood flooring, not only can control the emissions harm things, but also provide the role

of an air-water moisture. Some experts said that the wood flooring to the pursuit of circular economy, promote low-carbon and environmental protection, can be commonly used in landscape

gardening, interior and exterior decoration, wpc flooring, rails, flower beds, pavilions and other places, have the opportunity to become a widespread use of home decoration building

materials. The country is a timber resource-poor country, very good over-felling of green trees barrier to the destruction of intensified dust storms, select government special emphasis

on the application of resources, recycling and maintenance of the ecological environment, wood flooring products to carry out the invention the environment.

Chenrun Lin, Ka results zipper machine Machinery Co., Ltd., chairman. The past six months, he experienced the joy and sorrow are two different worlds, in fact, with him through this ordeal, "the whole of China zipper industry.

In early December, the China National Hardware Association zipper machine Branch (hereinafter referred to as the "Zipper Machine Association) released an important message on the official website: Patent Reexamination Board to review the decision by the State Intellectual Property Office of the People s Republic of China: YKK metal side zipper machine The six claims are all invalid.

According to the relevant person in charge of the China Association of zipper machine interpretation, the message from the written decision: A review of the Patent Reexamination Board of SIPO issued on November 11, after examination, declared the patents are YKK Corporation, Application No. 200610059425.5 " name of "meshing element metallic linear material in the zipper teeth chain with continuous manufacturing equipment for the feed unit of the patent are all invalid.

In May this year, YKK It is to this patent prosecution of domestic zipper — Guangzhou Jia results zipper machine Machinery Co., Ltd. patent infringement caused by China zipper industry-wide "hold together" the respondent.

This is a zipper YKK first confrontation rights battle lasted six months, although the former achieved a temporary victory, but the six months time, this patent lawsuits left the industry too much thinking — YKK true What is the purpose? Chinese zipper machine in the intellectual property aspects of the overall compressive strength of what? China s zipper is really victory of YKK?

With lawsuit

YKK prosecute Chinese counterparts

Is not an exaggeration to say that in May 2010 for Chen Runlin for the Xibei mixed. The last two weeks immersed in the joy of rapidly rising sales, half of it became the defendant, into the vortex center of the lawsuit.

In mid-May, the performance of Ka received a court summons, YKK prosecution side teeth of the Ka performance mechanical infringement of their application number "200,610,059,425.5 patent. In that time six months ago, in November 2009, Chen Runlin successfully sold the equipment to the international zipper giant, YKK and some complacent. A paper summons will Chenrun Lin wake-up from the hot sales. Chenrun Lin told reporters, allowing him to see the YKK "plan for the long-planned".

After the event, careful retrospect, feel that this is their plan for the long-standing plan. The the YKK patent granted in 2006, and early in 2004 began to produce sales of the device 2005 YKK had come factory negotiations, said that to buy equipment, we take them to visit the factory, and gave details of several machines, including this Y teeth machinery (zipper machine industry square tooth commonly known as Y teeth ) in November last year, YKK commissioned a Notary Office in Guangdong over the purchase of a Y teeth. until the proceedings are being, I know, they buy the equipment, split forensics with a year s time. "For with YKK international customers several times to deal with time, Chen Runlin remember very clearly. After combing some time node, Chen Runlin identified, the lawsuit, YKK was premeditated and whom.

Thus, received a summons the next day, Peggy performance internally to make the decision of the respondent. Chenrun Lin believes that a domestic and foreign industry to popularize the use of common technologies, can not be a YKK take for the thing, even if it is the industry giants.

"Y-rolling machine of this technology in the industry is no secret that the core technology. Domestic zipper machine industry, from large corporations to small businesses, there are nine Chengdu to master and skilled use of the technology and improvement of technology, the United States, South Korea and counterparts in China and Taiwan and other regions are also using the YKK Why take this technology, said the thing? on the surface is for me a business, in fact, for the whole of China zipper industry. Therefore, this case I decided to play. "Chenrun Lin said.

Not hesitate decision does not represent the full confidence. Faced with YKK multinational giant, made responding to the decision at the same time, Chen Runlin will also make preparation of the more than 20 million of compensation in the indictment. In order to better responding to no experience in patent lawsuit Chenrun Lin also try to subpoena by fax to the Guangdong Zipper Chamber of Commerce and the China Association of zipper machine, hoping to solicit some useful suggestions.

A "struggle" industry-wide unity of the respondent

Chen Runlin pleasantly surprised, Fax hair just to get a response in the past. Guangdong Zipper Chamber of Commerce and the China Association of zipper machine received the fax has to call Kerry performance, understand the specific circumstances, immediately after consultation decided to convene an industry conference.

May 23, in Guangzhou, the China Association of zipper machine management, supervisors and unit meeting, also attended the Chamber of Commerce in Guangdong zipper management, supervisor of the unit and leading enterprises, topic of the meeting is around the Y tooth machine technology patent infringement regarding commence.

"As Peggy results said, the technology industry-wide in use, this event is obviously for the whole of China zipper industry. Of YKK take such a common technology to cut to a small business, is nothing more than warning to others, through judicial rules of the game against China zipper machine, hinder our development. that meeting, management, supervisor of the unit quickly agree on: the industry-wide support for the Kerry performance to fight the lawsuit. meeting was over, the six leading companies to voluntarily transferred backbone, collaborative Ka The results quickly set up the respondent group as responsible for the coordination of the respondent group, the zipper Association Deputy Secretary-General Wang Zhiwu to participate in the meeting and witnessed the unity of the industry.Non-wovem bag making machine

Fujian SBS Zipper Machine Technology Co., Ltd. is one of the responding members of the group. Involved in the case of the Ministry of Justice and Intellectual Property Division of the two departments all action, investigation and evidence collection. "According to the company s data record, we are in the 2000 -2003 period, imports from South Korea over the class Y Rolling Machine Subsequently, technological innovation, new independent research and development of a more practical machine, and apply the invention patent by the Intellectual Property Division of the patent infringement analysis, we first ruled out the possibility of YKK patent violations. Intellectual Property Department will also years of YKK domestic and foreign patents in the patent infringement lawsuit after the data come up with to share, hoping to fulfill his own power. "SBS shares intellectual property rights, patent manager Unrestricted text of a sentence or two briefly outlined the continuing burden of proof in a few months since the company work.

Similarly, the Great Wall of Tung Lung and other leading enterprises as well as some small Y-tooth machine equipment manufacturers have also provided the use of information related technologies, in order to prove that the Y Rolling Machine back YKK patent application has been popular in the industry. The strong support of colleagues to Kerry performance into a powerful confidence, from a pessimistic confusion out of, under the guidance of lawyers to collect more and more important information.

Of evidence is very difficult enterprise, while providing a lot of information, but you want this information into a legally binding evidence, this is the most difficult process, but the whole case, so we are surprised and pleased, the whole industry unity and not give up, a common burden of proof, each hearing and responding to group members attended, which is rare in my business career is such a cohesion and tireless efforts, we finally found the YKK the patent Japan Patent Office has been declared null and void a breakthrough, making the case process in our favor, and became the dominant side in the oral hearing on September 28. "St. Lihua Intellectual Property Agency Co., Ltd. in the invitation of the Chinese Association of zipper machine accepted the case, the company s general manager Dayton Haizhou laments that, a little hope to the mouth of the trial win quite critical, industry-wide participation and efforts.bag making machine

The present results, I think this lawsuit, we basically win. "Patent Reexamination Board of SIPO publicized results Chenrun Lin finally relieved.

Time to reflect on the outcome depends on the awareness

The review of the decision after the publication of the book, the reporter called in Shanghai YKK (China) Investment Co., Ltd.. The company s legal department staff call back at noon yesterday, Mr TUNG, relayed the decision-making of Japanese headquarters: because the patent is also the United States, South Korea, authorized, and so will continue to appeal, I believe that the China State Intellectual Property Office will be given a reasonable judgment .

Visible, appears to have given the results does not mean that the final outcome. YKK strong patent pool as well as its intellectual property strategy proficient, so that the zipper machine industry of fear.

Receiving side, as the case Dayton Haizhou zipper machine industry at the annual meeting in September, recalled the scene of the first hearing.

"Originally, I want to say some of the rhetoric, such as the language of the class unity of the national industry, from the first press and hold the momentum, but when heard at the scene said opposing counsel in the hands when there are four other patent, I got a little taken aback. Later the entire case process, I have grown to feel in the field of independent intellectual property rights, YKK, like wolves, while the domestic zipper machine companies like sheep. "

Inventions into the State Intellectual Property Office Web site to conduct a patent search, the records show: YKK in China to apply for and open more than 600 patents for inventions, only there are more than 300 patents for inventions in the zipper machine and related industries; SBS application and public patents, 20, 20 the number has been living in the forefront of the national counterparts. The comparison of the data, showing the weakness of the domestic zipper machine independent field of intellectual property, this case, leaving zipper machine businesses see the YKK skilled use of the independent intellectual property rights. The industry believes that if YKK redouble our efforts to continue to initiate a patent war, domestic enterprises may not be able to withstand.

"This case clearly a weak show of domestic zipper machine in the field of intellectual property out with independent intellectual property rights and is not only a recognition of technological innovation, more often, market operations and branding of large international companies a strategic tool. In fact, the final outcome is not is the outcome of the case, but on the domestic enterprises to realize this and wake up their own independent intellectual property rights awareness, and to take the floor measures, and if not, even if the lawsuit wins , we zipper lost out of YKK. "Dayton Haizhou. She also suggested that enterprises should always cultivate the awareness of independent intellectual property rights, during the time of invention and innovation or process improvement, to leave the data, do a notary or apply for a patent.

The Dayton Haizhou the proposal of a number of industry professionals agree. To the case, Wang Zhiwu spend a lot of time to study the the YKK patent, to understand its technical points, which also allows the technical experts of the zipper industry for many years to see another dimension. "In fact, the patent and did not imagine the mysterious and complex, we have many companies have the technological innovation ability, just that we do not have this awareness, coupled with not professional, so this became hinder the development of the short board. At present, it is imperative establishment of industry, public communication platform to help enterprises to establish the independent intellectual property rights awareness. "

Wang Zhiwu, said the next 3-5 years will be China zipper machine patent accumulation period, the trade associations will pay more attention to the publicity of the independent intellectual property rights, and help enterprises to establish early warning mechanisms, and guide enterprises to improve their own intellectual property rights system, and skilled use of intellectual property rights strategy.

Reporter s notes

"Dances with Wolves" is also a growth

The case lasted six months, during which the ups and downs, twists and turns, bittersweet.

It is gratifying that the unity of the industry. Even if the usual competitors against each other, but at the crucial moment, zipper machine enterprises in China quickly stood united front for the multi-occupation of a sub-market. This also allows us to see multinational enterprises is not terrible, but we can not underestimate it s no need to fear, as long as the industry is unity there is no life difficult for the Hom.zipper bag machine

Thought-provoking, during which a lot of zipper machine companies were mixed.

The process of the case, look on businesses to quickly learn a lesson and proceed to improve the independent intellectual property system; companies are not concerned about do not care, without the slightest sense of self-view. The former is mostly a fast-growing medium-sized enterprises, industry and the latter to develop more slowly weak enterprises.

In fact, the results are not important, important is the process of this case and bring the alert, our enterprise is to realize that, really need to create awareness, it is weak in the industry.

Weak when the self and hope that our enterprises have the courage to Dances with Wolves, can reflect and progress, eventually turned into a wolf or more lead, which is the kind of growth.

Apparel OEM company boss to lay bare the astonishing insider: eventually become finished products of the country s regulations, products in which country, which country is the country of origin. There are unspoken rules in the luxury goods sector: the "big" in the foundry country to complete most of the processing and then shipped back to China, the final step in the country, such products can be legitimately labeled as the "birthplace of the brand to create".

The person involved in the down jacket is likely to be a product of the "hidden rules", it happened because of "a particular aspect of a flawed".

In this regard, the lawyer blasted the practice of these luxury brands and Da Vinci indistinguishable from, are consumer fraud.

The reporter

Fendi Trade shop Bulgaria produced many see

The course of the proceedings, Fendi submitted to the court, "the production and sale of the note. Fendi: Fendi Italy (FENDI SRL), involved in clothing department, commissioned by the Bulgarian manufacturer of production in the description recognized by the Bulgarian manufacturer of apparel return to Italy and shipped to achieve miraculous FENDI repeatedly SRL unified company. "

The Fundy company insisted that the reason why the clothes on the Chinese label marked "Italy", because Fendi Italian companies handed over information that is "place of origin Italy.

Fendi lawyer also submitted to the Court a situation description. " Reporters found from the accompanying list of November 2010, only Fendi Trade shop the sale of the Bulgarian production in autumn and winter clothing section 21 (1) Romania autumn and winter clothing.

The reporter noted, also disclosed in the accompanying single, in store sales, "the 2011 spring and summer merchandise, including Romania (2) of clothing, Ukraine (4) producing clothing and leather goods are all produced in China.

Fendi to the court to provide import cargo declaration form. Which shows, and involved in Down with approved to enter China, there are 154 garment.

The ads are called "Italy" can not find the OEM information

Online, the reporter could not find any news or information belonging to his country OEM Fendi merchandise. Can find are from Italy extravagant "," achieve miraculous FENDI repeatedly trip to Italy, "said FENDI Fendi, can think of a romantic Italian street" slogan and brand introduction.

Fendi stores in Beijing, only Fendi Trade shop and Fendi Shin Kong stores two. The reporter visits discovery, the clothing label, two-store, the reporter viewed the origin of all Italy.

Trade shop m sure a male salesperson told reporters, Fendi selling knitwear and fur of origin in Italy. When the reporter specifically asked to Down, he said that all Italy.

At this time, a saleswoman to hear the dialogue of the reporter and male clerk came, saying "Down really are not in Italy.

The reporter also interviewed the Fendi flagship store in Rome, Italy. Shop for media reception staff heard the call from China asked the origin matters insisted that Italy has many factories, at least in Italy Fendi is Italian origin, she heard of the "Bulgarian production" fen Di.

Reporters trying to phone to Fendi headquarters, but refused to require e-mail contact. Interview e-mail after the issue has yet to receive a reply.

The industry s Secret

Most of the products of foreign OEM to return home "security zipper machine

Fendi company production and sales of the details mentioned in the reporter of doubt: garment production, is common sense that the re-export the lowest logistics costs directly sold to a third country from Bulgaria, why not first transported back to Italy from Bulgaria .

In this connection, the reporter interviewed an apparel OEM company boss Chen Jun (a pseudonym). He disclosed to reporters an amazing insider:

Chen Jun, revealed that many world-class luxury brands, including a considerable number of products not domestically produced, but by some of the cheap labor countries foundry.

He told reporters that popular in these "big" between the "hidden rules": in accordance with national regulations, the products in the country completed the final processing steps, eventually become a finished product, which country is the country of origin. Therefore, the "big names" who will drill the loopholes, the material delivered to the foundry country and to complete the processing of most of the steps, and then "semi-finished products shipped back to China, the last a small fraction of the processing steps completed in the country. This produced the product, origin, or "big" country.

"For example, an Italian brand of clothing, it can be done in Bulgaria most of the processing steps, the rest of the buttons do not nail, zipper machine is not loaded, semi-finished after shipped back to Italy, workers nailed the buttons, zipper machine fitted. "Chen Jun said," the suit is completely in Italian workers hands End Live , it re-export to other countries of origin can legitimately labeled as Made in Italy , which is in line with legal requirements. not vacuity, the wrong standard. "

OEM "semi-finished products."

Transported back to a more efficient tariffNon-wovem bag making machine

This special processing methods, "arrogant" naturally have their own wishful thinking.

Chen Jun said that doing so has two advantages: on the one hand, the product can be marked with a nice "country of origin; the other hand, the foundry after the product shipped back to China, but also save the tariff.

He explained that the case did not complete the final production step, not trademark, OEM products can only be regarded as "semi-finished products, the cost of the semi-finished products difficult approved, and shipped back to their own tariffs than shipped back to tariffs on finished products is much lower.

Chen Jun, told reporters that foreign "big names" who have a lot of rhetoric, for example, although only a thin seam zipper machine, but it can be said that the OEM mechanical processes of the country to meet the requirements, their mechanical process in order to meet the standards; such as said that the craftsmen of their workers younger generations down the traditional technology, foundry workers the level of the country than not.

Is the OEM product

Difficult for consumers to identify

Chen Jun told reporters, many well-known luxury brand of jeans, in fact, the main processing steps in Turkey completed. Turkey jeans fabric is the best in the world, the big jeans fabric Turkey in the Turkish foundry cost savings.

"But by the unspoken rules, and finally return home to install a zipper machine, place of origin into Italy and other big-name country of this, a considerable number of luxury enthusiasts do not know." He said.

He said that although it is OEM, but the current production process, workers skills are constantly improving, one from start to finish produced by the Italian workers in the clothing, and an OEM from China, Vietnam and other countries to complete the clothing of the main processing steps, consumers generally do not see out of difference.

The only individual in particular high-end stuff, due to the special mechanical process requirements, craftsman skills also have special requirements, only in Italy and other big-name country of production. "He said.

Chen Jun said, "No matter where the luxury in production, the quality of manufactured products are almost the same, consumers should be recognized brand, with the added value of the materials, design and other products," but he also acknowledged that, for those "big "these unspoken rules are not willing to let consumers know, the OEM problem is very confidential.

"Where I had to ask around a well-known brands in the domestic OEM factories, but simply to inquire not the brand of the company declined to disclose." He said.

Reporter Interrupted

● Fendi company

That the Court has to make a judgment

Do not explain the OEM problembag making machine

Fendi on the issue of product OEM, the reporter called. Responsible for media reception staff said that the Court has ruled that the case, Fendi is no need to do more explanation, but retains the right to interpretation.

The person said, Fendi has been adhering to the concept of a low-key to do business.

● lawyer shelling

Fendi and other big-name can be described as "foreign Leonardo da Vinci"

Lawyer said Raymond Chan, Chinese consumers to buy luxury goods, the feature is to only buy authentic goods.

Consumer choice, it is considered the origin of this value-added. If the origin is not Italy, birthplace of the brand, but other countries, when the Sun maybe walked away Now you deceive me on this issue, did not meet in the value-added on demand, as consumers, of course, have grievances! "he said.

For luxury big advantage of the unspoken rules of the "legitimate," said Raymond Chan do not agree, he said: "This approach, in fact, and Leonardo da Vinci furniture in the Free Trade Zone day trip approach there is no real difference! Both just different means.

The lawyer said Chen, relatively speaking, the practice of Leonardo da Vinci also saving logistics costs, reduced price. People Leonardo da Vinci, strictly speaking, there is no serious breach of the law, but suffered so intense shelling in the country, these big luxury, with the same unspoken rules to deceive the Chinese consumers, should have been more intense shelling. "zipper bag machine

● News Links

After the exposure of the event of Da Vinci, Leonardo da Vinci home official admitted that its agents, "Thomas" American furniture does exist some products manufactured in China and imported through the Shanghai Free Trade Zone to the case of China, namely the Free Trade Zone "day trips" trading patterns.

Da Vinci spokesman said, will produce a good product exports to the U.S. and then shipped back to China, the cost is high. Using this model, you can save a huge amount of logistics costs, and thus lower prices, enabling consumers to enjoy the benefits.

Clear and direct: WEI Qin-chi, corporate strategy and tactics to gain market share quickly, import substitution and export expansion ", which makes the innovation, and always dynamicSolenoid Throttle Valve

Nanjing bicyclic Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is located in Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone and Nanjing Central Bureau Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., WEI Qin Zhi after two pioneering achievements.

In 1994, he resigned from the Nanjing Institute of Electromagnetic factory spark plug, spent five months with borrowed over 20 million R & D "fast glow plug" to achieve world-class level and obtained national patent.glow plug

Popular for many years after the glow plug, WEI Qin Zhi secondary business. Before he more than 2000 million loan from the bank, the creation of the new company, R & D to break the monopoly of foreign ceramic pressure sensor, this product can only be imported. At present, the company has an annual output of 10 million ceramic pressure sensor capacity, sales can be billions of dollars next year.Vacuum Actuator

composite wood flooring, also called laminate flooring, laminate flooring, some companies for a number of different purposes, often named some names, such as super wpc wood floors, wood floor of a diamond shape, no matter how complex its name. How different, these plates are a composite floor. As our tube helicopter called a helicopter instead of helicopters, these plates do not use wood, so the term \"composite wood flooring is unreasonable, the proper name is laminate flooring. The name of the national standard for such flooring: Laminate wood flooring.
Strengthen the floor, commonly known as the \"diamond plate\" standard name \"Laminate flooring. Composite wood flooring, also called laminate flooring, laminate flooring, some companies for a number of different purposes, often named some names, such as super wood floors, wood floor of a diamond shape, no matter how complex its name. How different, these plates are a composite floor. As our tube helicopter called a helicopter instead of helicopters, these plates do not use wood, so the term \"composite wood flooring is unreasonable, the proper name is laminate flooring. The name of the national standard for such flooring: Laminate wood flooring. Strengthen the floor, commonly known as the \"diamond plate\" standard name \"Laminate flooring.
Need to renovate the new city, choose a good wood laminate flooring is particularly important, it has the advantage in what?
Wear: laminate flooring surface for the wear layer, which consists of a uniform distribution of aluminum oxide, reflect laminate flooring wear resistance of wear revolution \"is mainly determined by the density of the aluminum oxide. In general, the aluminum oxide distribution is more dense, wear-resistant floor the higher the number of revolutions. However, wear is not equal durable. Choose durable laminate flooring, really need particular concern is whether to close the floor bump slot bite, whether solid substrate, the formaldehyde content is too high, the suit whether the true nature. 2, more varieties, colors fashion can be a simulation of a variety of natural or man-made pattern. Compared with traditional solid wpc flooring, large size specifications. Rich: the decorative layer of laminate flooring in general is an imitation by the computer simulation produces a variety of wood species, wood pattern, even to imitate stone, and not by nature to create a unique pattern.
3, easy to care: the strengthening of the floor surface wear layer has good wear performance of the compressive strength, impact resistance and fire retardant, anti-chemical pollution in everyday use, simply wrung cloth, mop or vacuum cleaner for cleaning, if the floor is greasy stains with a cloth dipped in detergent wipe.
4, the installation is simple: due to the strengthening of the floor four sides with tongue and groove, simply install it with tongue and groove with each other fit, the formation accurate snap to ground after laying the overall effect of uniform color, visual effects, at the same time, strengthen floor can be installed directly on the ground or other surface of the floor, no need to fight to Long. In addition, the laminate flooring from any room at the pavement, simple and quick.
5, compared to solid wood flooring, strengthen the floor surface wear layer is specially treated to achieve a high hardness, using a sharp hard objects such as keys to scratch, it will not leave marks. The greatest benefit of this advantage is that everyday life no longer is optional strengthening is very important to protect the floor of the wood flooring environmentally friendly index timid the. And has a higher flame retardancy, pollution corrosion resistance ability, compressive strength, good impact resistance.
6, excellent cost (cheap): laminate flooring wear layer, decorative layer, substrate, and the balance layer. The wear layer, decorative layer and the balance layer artificial printing, the substrate using the fast-growing forest materials, manufacturing, the cost is low than solid wood flooring, while the large-scale production, the relative cost-effective.

A type
Drainage pipe and fittings are socket type, the shape of the tube for the mouth parts of the sub-type A and type B
Two dimensions, shape, weight
2.1 size, outer shape and weight
2.1.1 Type A drainage pipe shape, size and weight should be consistent with Figure 1 (a little), Table 1 (a little) and Table 3 (omitted) provisions.
Type B drainage pipe shape, size and weight should be consistent with Figure 1 (a little), Table 2 (a little) and Table 3 (omitted) provisions.
2.1.2 drainage pipe length length shall comply with Table 3 (abbreviated) regulations. If you need different lengths of drainage pipe by both supply and demand consultation production.
2.1.3 the name of the drainage fittings, graphic labeling shall comply with the provisions of Table 4 (omitted).
2.1.4 drainage fittings, shape, size and weight should be consistent with Figure 2 (slightly) to 12 (slightly) and 9 (slightly) to 19 (slightly) requirement.sanitary fittings
2.2 shape
2.2.1 drainage pipe curvature shall comply with the provisions of Table 5.
Table 5
Nominal diameter Dg, mm, curvature, mm / m
50 ~ 100 ≤ 4
125 ~ 200 ≤ 3
2.2.2 The drainage pipe end and the fitting openings should be relative to the vertical axis.
2.2.3 drain pipe two-axis angle tolerances of ± 1 ° 30 .
2.3 The size of deviation
2.3.1 socket diameter, the internal diameter of the Socket and Socket depth deviation
Drainage pipe and jack outer diameter of the pipe, the inner diameter of the Socket and Socket depth tolerances shall comply with the requirements in Table 6.
Table 6mm
Nominal diameter Dg mm jack outer diameter socket inner diameter of the socket depth
50 to 100
1.0
-1.5
+1.5
-1.0
± 2.0
125 to 200
+1.5
-2.0
+2.0
-1.5
± 3.0
2.3.2 thickness deviation
Drainage pipe and the pipe wall thickness tolerances shall comply with the requirements in Table 7.
Table 7 mm
Nominal caliber Dg, mm wall thickness
50 ~ 100 ± 0.7
125 ~ 200 ± 1.0
2.3.3 length deviation
The drainage pipe length tolerances shall comply with the requirements in Table 8.
Table 8mm
Nominal caliber Dg, mm wall thickness
50 ~ 1000 ± 5.0
1500 ~ 2000 ± 8.0
Axis length of the drain pipe pieces to allow deviation of ± 3mm.
2.4 Weight and its deviation
Drainage straight and Otsuka tube delivery according to theoretical weight.
Each drainage pipe straight to the weight allows the negative deviation of 8%.
Each drain pipe weight to allow the negative deviation of 10%.
3 Technical requirements
3.1 The chemical composition
Drainage pipe and fittings phosphorus content should be not more than 0.30% sulfur content should not exceed 0.10%.
3.2 Mechanical Properties
Drainage pipe and the tensile strength of the pipe should be not less than 140N/mm2 (14kgf/mm2).
3.3 Process Performance
The drainage pipe should be carried out hydraulic test, the test pressure of 1.47MPa (1.5 kgf/mm2), the hydrostatic test of the pipe negotiated by both parties.
3.4 Organization
Drainage pipe and fittings shall be gray cast iron, the organization should be compact, easy cutting.
3.5 surface quality
Drainage pipe and fittings inside and outside surface must be smooth and not allowed to have cracks, cold shuts, dislocation, cellular and impeded the use of obvious defects. Does not affect the use of casting defects allow the repair or the existence of repair after local salience Department must be polished.
3.6 coating
3.6.1 The drainage pipe and the pipe inner and outer surfaces coated with asphaltenes or in other preservative
3.6.2 coated inner and outer surfaces shall be clean, no rust, iron tablets. Coating after the coating should be uniform, firm adhesion, there is no obvious accumulation.
4 test methods
4.1 drainage straight caliper or template have sufficient precision measuring tools to measure and mound pipe size.
4.2 drainage pipe and the pipe surface quality and coating quality check with the naked eye.
4.3 The chemical analysis of the GB of 223.1 ~ 223.8-81, GB, 223.9 223.24-82 "stainless steel pipe fittings and alloy chemical analysis method," the relevant provisions.
4.4 tensile testing according to GB 228-87 "metal tensile test method provisions.
Metal casting tensile test bars cast into the metal neutrality.
Tensile test bars using the sand casting neutral in the same sand cast into.clamp ferrule
4.5 hydrostatic test must be coated before, when up to the required pressure, the regulator is less than 10s, the pipe should be no leakage.
5 Inspection Rules
5.1 Inspection and Acceptance
Drainage pipe and pipe inspection and acceptance by the supply-side technology quality supervision departments.
5.2 set of approved rules
5.2.1 Continuous casting and centrifugal casting of non-water pipe shall be approved inspection and acceptance. Each batch should be the same nominal diameter, the same wall thickness, the length of the same length and the same chemical analysis of the results of drainage pipe composition.
5.2.2 Sand Casting drainage pipe and pipe fittings shall be approved for the inspection and acceptance. Each batch should be the same molding process and the same results of chemical analysis of the drainage pipe and pipe fittings composition.
5.3 the number of samples
5.3.1 The drainage pipe and the pipe surface quality and coating quality by root to be checked.
5.3.2 The chemical analysis of each class (8h) to take two samples, chemical analysis must be carried out when the change of the charge. The test results on behalf of the shift produced by all the drainage pipe and pipe fittings.
5.3.3 Tensile test per class (8h) to take two samples. The test results on behalf of the shift produced by all the drainage pipe and pipe fittings.
5.3.4 drainage pipe by root pressure test.
5.4 reinspection and discriminant set rules
When the chemical composition, tensile testing of any failed a test result, an alternative to double the number of samples from batch drainage pipe or fittings for the failed project of the reinspection. Reinspection results are satisfactory, the batch of tubes can be identified as qualified. Ruofu inspection results are still unsatisfactory, the batch of pipe should be sentenced to waste. If you are not able to sample a retest, the supply and demand sides negotiated settlement.
6 signs, Certificate of Quality
6.1 drainage pipe and fittings shall be cast or printed on the manufacturer name or trademark.
6.2 each batch of drainage pipe and the tube should be attached to a factory quality certificate, include:
(a) Name of manufacturer;stainless steel pipe fittings
(b) product name, size, type;
c number of the standard;
(d) the requirements of this standard test results.
Transport and storage
7.1 drainage pipe and fittings in the handling process is strictly forbidden touch, throw, to avoid bumps, broken.
7.2 tube storage warehouse site ground should be soft and flat, hard ground pad pieces of wood, and take strict precautions against the tube rolling.
7.3 drainage pipe straight and white of the stack on each socket should be flat, and cover with pieces of wood up and down the adjacent two layers of pipe direction at 90 °.
7.4 drainage pipe and pipe fittings pipe stack height shall not exceed 2m.

In March, the media rebellion: Dekor Anderson floor straight down 22, 45-65 per month, so that Chinese consumers really enjoy the products of the North

American style.

    2009 Dekor Anderson to enter China for nearly two years. Dekor Anderson strives to lead the international trend of American flooring products and

services to Chinese consumers.

    Anderson from the manufacture of the U.S. warship s deck, and now half a century the history of the manufacturing floor. Over half a century, Andersen

has accumulated rich experience of manufacturing floor and the unique hand-made process, more love for the forest,

Tradition of innovation and technology, has a world-class flooring brands.
 
Dekor Anderson multi-layer solid wood flooring emphasis on environmental philosophy, designed to express the style and highlight the distinguished

process; prominent freedom, personality, fashion and low-profile extravagance. Body sway in the strong American style. Its products, such as New York s

Metropolitan series

Wisdom, modern, minimalist; Miami holiday series of soothing, simple, charming, elegant romantic style; Aspen resort "series a sight to behold, and luxury

to the ultimate back to nature, Dekor Anderson also tried, through their own alone

Understanding of the unique style personality, adhere to the traditional manual surface technology process, allowed the achievement of a timeless classic

personalized flooring brands.

==================================================
38 Ce-DUR super lightweight durable polyurethane tiles launched

Of Ce ultralight-DURtm, Li Yate news, California, USA, Burlingame, Indusries the case of the eagle roofing products sector to meet customer demand,

announced the launch of the traditional wooden roof tiles by Endurall Technologies, the right to substitute for

Quality durable polyurethane tiles. Use of advanced technology, in good condition to maintain the look and feel of the warm wooden tiles, and can even

show the snow Songte some wooden texture of Ce the-DURE also provide concrete roof tiles with durability and to

Unparalleled environmental benefits.

    Eagle traditional roof tile products are usually made of concrete, while the Ce-DUR is a thermoset polymer plastic polyurethane materials as raw

materials. Eagle authorized by Endurall Technologies, Ce-DURE production rights.

Ce the-DURE tiles use new high-quality modified reaction injection molding (RIM) production. As environment-friendly products, new tiles do not need to

cut down trees or use of timber, but can be modeled on the cedar samples to create a deceptive appearance of wood.

    Traditional wooden tiles, Ce-DURE almost non-absorbent, which eliminates the need for traditional wood tile to tile ice ice-melting process to bring

loose, cracked, curled, rotten and derivative bacteria, a series of inconvenience. And the products more price

Grid competitive advantage, without special tools, hardware, or accessories, easy to install directly. The weight of each square is about 170 pounds, the

light of Ce-DURE tiles do not require additional roof support or reinforcement works, the only existing building structure and deck sound that

Can.

On the 16th at 11 am, the Garden District of Wuchang the Baishazhou Avenue Wouters gate near the railway crossing, a 400 mm diameter gas pipeline was ruptured, the construction side of the prompt start of the emergency plan, 20 minutes lifting danger.
12 am, reporters rushed to the scene when you smell a faint smell of natural gas. Gas and construction Founder repair damaged pipeline.Stainless steel tee
Witnesses said Mr. Jiang, two excavators operating roadside Weidang and an excavator will be buried in underground natural gas pipeline ruptured, pungent gas emission. After the incident, the workers to stop the operation, construction license, the construction immediately set up roadblocks on the roadside and pulled over for passing vehicles and pedestrian, emergency evacuation of surrounding residents and businesses. While, heat repair personnel rushed to the valve closed, the traffic police also quickly came to the flow of traffic.
Roadside merchant said, after the incident, the railway crossing attendant promptly contact the control room, a train to temporarily stop traffic.Stainless steel Pipe Fittings
Construction side (Wu salty highway upgrade the viaduct project) on-site responsible person, the error due to identify the path of the gas pipeline and underground actual location, combined with underground pipelines, underground gas pipeline ruptured piling when. After the incident, they immediately launched the emergency plan, call the gas personnel and traffic police after the evacuation of the surrounding crowd, disconnect the power source of fire and the staff on duty to put an end to smokers through each intersection. , Natural gas, the traffic police arrived on the scene within 20 minutes with them the danger disposing.Pipe Fittings
Jiangnan Gas Heating Company field repair personnel, said the 400 mm diameter natural gas pipeline was broken, surrounded by thousands of residents at home to stop the gas. After emergency repairs, 7 pm resumption of gas supply.

   1, is considered in the international arena of innovation and technology in the 21st century polymer woodplastic flooring will be living a healthy and comfortable, green, fashionable and beautiful decoration convenience rolled into one, emerge has been decorated enterprises and heads of households to become indoor The decoration of the protagonist. Wood-plastic composite floor performance, moisture-proof water-resistant, acid and alkali, odorless, antifungal, anti-static, decay, paint, in line with human comfort. Of the floor, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as main raw material, its flame and smoke density of the national standards for Class B1, with superior flame resistance, increase the safety factor of human living. Special for the geothermal heating floor is very good. Japan, South Korea, North America has been widely used, the floor is absolutely zero formaldehyde, benzene, is an excellent choice for home decoration. Characteristics of wood-plastic composite floor so that many people of their \"love at first sight.\" In addition, wpc wood floors, uniform color, texture natural, realistic wood flavor, can embody the concept of personalized decoration. Wood-plastic flooring is the best alternative to solid wood floors and laminate flooring products, Japanese companies strongly recommend a green floor. Overcome the solid wood flooring and laminate flooring afraid of the water, formaldehyde and other harmful substances defects, starting from the fundamental to save a lot of forest timber, reduce pollution, maintain the ecological balance of a good role. Can be widely applicable to the living room, bathroom, conference rooms, stadiums, parks and other indoor and outdoor spaces.

      2, the money in the consumers easy deformation of the traditional solid wood flooring, easy maintenance, no moisture, is not waterproof, do not wear, easy to fade, poor stability, the installation process is abandoned work cumbersome procedures and laminate flooring including formaldehyde, not waterproof shortcomings trouble! Comply with the new trend of green environmental protection, health, energy conservation, keeping up with market demand, high technology, some bright spots, new flooring, wood flooring. Wood-plastic flooring is the concept of \"environmental protection, health, quality, and efficient\" to target research and development to meet market demand, the new essentials of proprietary products – wood plastic floor. Wood-plastic flooring wood fibers mixed with plastic heating a combination of materials, it is different from the wood fibers and glue from the high love floor. Wood plastic floor, waterproof, does not contain formaldehyde, is the most radical innovation of a flooring industry, the most radical step forward.
      Wood-plastic floors nine Features: 1, product durability, resistance to aging, long life. 2, stability is good, no cracking, no warping, 3, the product the appearance of natural wood, natural beauty, set reasonable comfortable, non-section scar, no denim, no color. 4, can be nailed, planed, can paint, can be sticky.
      Professional waterproof, mildew, corrosion, pest control, anti-bacterial. 6, construction and easy to use simple, easy molding, high toughness. 7, the high temperature of 60 degrees, low temperature resistance of -30 degrees. 8, anti-static. 9, Health and Environmental Protection, the products have been detected through the food safety regulator, the manufacturing process does not use any glue, does not contain harmful substances such as formaldehyde, cyanide, benzene, to remove the decoration pollution.
      Wood plastic floor also has a function of wood and plastic composite, wood-plastic flooring has the advantage of the structure of the empty core to reduce the weight of the floor, the noise, but also ventilation, timely take the water of the floor to the ground to keep the dry state. Wood-plastic flooring does not mildew and anti-aging, acid, refused to pests, non-toxic, odorless and other characteristics, similar to the look, feel and natural wood, sawing, planing, drilling, nail holding strong. Wood-plastic flooring with a wood floor surface gloss, and color difference is smaller than the solid wood flooring. Environmental, health, and not easily deformed, board qualitative beautiful. Waterproof non-slip, wear-resistant and durable for any environment in the living room, kitchen, toilets, schools, hospitals, playgrounds, shopping centers, laboratories, bath field, as consumers focus on indoor environmental pollution, wood floors will replace not waterproof, formaldehyde is not easy maintenance of laminate flooring does not wear, easy to deform, wood floor installation cumbersome and become the new darling of the home decoration and building materials.

The Chinese garment industry will face the competition will be global competition, global competition Competition is the integrated strength of the industrial chain, a chain competition. "In mid-2011, China National Garment Association executive vice president of Da-Peng Chen the case, said in an interview.

, The last in 2011 in terms of the clothing industry as a whole is extremely difficult. Production costs across the board rise in the plight of the capital chain and the global economic downturn, the Chinese garment industry is facing a grim challenge.

At the same time, maintaining China s manufacturing industry to the world market at a low price advantage of a decisive battle "demographic dividend" is also "Lewis turning point" under the Forced gradually disappear.

April 28, 2011, National Bureau of Statistics released the sixth national census data. The data results are consistent with many researchers on population growth rate decline, the forecast of the aging acceleration.

Our surprise, the speed of aging even faster than expected. As of November 1, 2010, 0:00, aged 0 -14 years of age population accounted for 16.60%, down 6.29 percentage points than the 2000 census; population aged 60 and above accounted for 13.26 percent, an increase of 2.93 percentage points more than in 2000.

State Council Development Research Center, deputy director of Ba, the published data to confirm that China has crossed the Lewis turning point "demographic dividend window period will be shut down.

Then rely on cheap labor costs, victory of the Chinese garment industry for a long time, how to deal with this crisis?

2011 is the year of the states Eleventh Five and Twelfth Five handover, in fact, has become China s apparel industry, the development of an iconic watershed, the industry full access to the transformation and upgrading of the new period of development. " Da-Peng Chen, president of believe in the future for a long period of time, the transformation and upgrading of the Chinese garment industry.

Transformation and upgrading of this topic in recent years, is no stranger to the people of Chinese clothing. Transformation and upgrading year after year to talk about exactly how to practice?

On the clothing of the General Assembly held in October 2011, Du Chau, president of the China National Garment Association said that the Chinese garment industry from the "big" change ", and must rely on industry to speed up industrial restructuring and upgrading, the establishment of modern industrial chain of integrated innovation system.

Therefore, the apparel industry transformation and upgrading the key step is to build innovative industrial chain, which first of all from the industry chain effective docking talking about.

Butt first

"With the increase of the number of enterprises, the increase in product variety, using the traditional approach has no way to achieve the docking of this information when we are confronted with a flood of information, thousands of designers and hundreds of thousands of enterprise fabric, how to find information to match with their own? for garment enterprises, in the face of the many fabric suppliers, how to find the right supplier? In order to achieve these aims, we must rely on effective docking., vice president of China National Garment Association Feng Dehu in the 2011 Yangtze River Delta ladies fashion brand and Chinese popular fabrics business special matchmaking site about fabric butt on the importance of the development of garment enterprises, the industry is also a lot of work to achieve this docking.
Film Blowing Machine
In addition to the Yangtze River Delta Women fabrics matchmaking, the industry is also effective docking a lot of work for fabric and garment enterprises.

The two held in 2011 China International Textile fabrics and accessories fair; "organized by the Chinese textile and apparel brand Pioneer Park in December 2011 and 2012/13 season of popular fabrics and clothing brand Matchmaking Symposium held in early 2012, just near" cloth full global 2012 China Textile City boutique fashion fabric exhibition, "…

Show butt this fast and effective way, fabric and garment enterprises who have expressed their approval. East of the silk exhibitors Hangzhou women s fabric matchmaking, general manager Yu Pengfei, told reporters: "I think this matchmaking in the form of good, low cost, with good results and we hope to organize more such form of matchmaking.

In Shenzhen, "the whole world" matchmaking site, primary soft clothing s design director Pengxue Li told reporters that show the scene of so many high-end fabric, so she surprised Textile City fabric made rapid progress, but also with international fabric Textile City, the same quality, the fabric of origin, the price is more competitive, She may be more to the Textile City buy.

Matchmaking can be connected to the relationship between the "buyer s market" and "seller s market" to complete the industrial chain links the docking of the deep-seated, began to do research communication work in product development, and even buyers and sellers together in product development to both sides of "seamless".

"I have an inspection tour of the enterprise of an Italian authoritarian male socks, year launched 2000 variety, designed to do OEM for Armani and other big brands, but its equipment is very outdated, that it is only based on the actual production design needs. joint in old equipment with the sock machine manufacturers continue to improve. "Da-Peng Chen, president of the reporter said," This is a timely understanding of their needs on a very typical example of the downstream joint research and development. sewing enterprises grasp the needs of the downstream equipment to the upgrading, you need to joint research and development. "bag making machine

Indeed, the innovation of production technology, equipment upgrades, not just with "behind closed doors" independent innovation, and a greater need for equipment companies to research problems in the apparel manufacturing process targeted equipment modification. So, even if it is a widget improvements, will set off a "big waves" in the market.

"The beginning of the new product development, we will have a special department to conduct research on our equipment customers, to an important basis for the new project." CISMA2011 exhibition site, Xi an standard booth staff said to reporters: the same time, we will be the regular customers pay a return visit to understand the situation encountered in the use of equipment, as well as improve. "

Clothing enterprises, the garment device update cycle is generally longer than that, the industry in addition to the concern "disruptive technological breakthrough" outside equally concerned about the small parts to improve and innovate.

In May 2011, period in TEXPROCESS2011, "Technology Innovation Awards" organized by the Federation of German zipper machine equipment manufacturing standards of the X-the FEED and VETRON monopolize prepared two award-winning.

This reporter has learned that the X-the FEED is a continuous feed design allows suture tension to 35% lower than the flat sewing machine products, maximum stitch length to reach 9mm, dual feed dog structure to achieve a smooth, continuous feed, while the use of smooth thin material sewn, can effectively prevent the split-level of the sewing material, sewing operations more smoothly and efficiently; and VETRON is a new concept, the sewing machine function modules were designed into large components, through the replacement of the module to achieve different models, the function of conversion.

But I keep these two award-winning technology, deputy general manager of Xi an standard flag, but frank, this is not a disruptive technology, "but the subversive concept. "Subversive ideas" and "create" and rely on research to grasp the deep level of user needs, technology and creative burst forth from the depth of the industry chain docking. Each time the Science and Creativity, in turn, deepened the docking of the industrial chain links, "remodeling" chain.

Technology remodeling

Clothing powers requires industry-wide scientific and technological contribution rate of 40% or more to strive toward the goal of developed countries, the contribution rate of 80% of China s apparel industry, science and technology contribution rate is half that of the United States, approximately 40%. " The deputy director of China National Garment Association Expert Committee on Wen Lik Sang a way to explain the importance of technology in the construction of the garment power, "also shows that the road of science and technology of China s clothing also have a very long period to go. Accelerate the Chinese clothing technology the key is to enhance the industry s contribution rate, the contribution rate of science and technology has become this year, industry transformation and upgrading of high-frequency words.

Enhance the contribution rate of science and technology to science and technology to create market opportunities, technology to create value-effective. "Du Chau, president of the China National Garment Association, said that enterprises use the most advanced technology to arm themselves, to increase investment in research."

Du, president of view, technological innovation is the basis of industrial upgrading, the main line of this round of industrial upgrading. Any innovation are inseparable from the scientific and technological support, the level of industrial technology to achieve the appropriate level, industries, enterprises may only be the smooth implementation of brand strategy, going out strategy, capital strategy, the Group s strategy, differentiation strategy and industry strategic shift layout.

And clothing science and technology innovation, reflected in the clothing itself, more performance in the apparel manufacturing process, contains all aspects of the industry chain.

(Apparel industry), the key elements of the scientific and technological progress is the application of high-tech equipment. Automation, intelligent, digital information into the characteristics of high-tech equipment, is becoming the universal needs of garment enterprises.

In recent years, automation equipment has become the weapon of clothing enterprises to cope with the decisive battle of the "three highs and two shortage". Typical representative of the automation equipment, electromechanical integration equipment enterprises in recent years, wide linen used.

The so-called mechanical and electrical integration sewing machine, the simple point that implementation of the components of the thorn cloth of the sewing machine, thread, hook, line, feeding is still used in the original zipper structure, and control the use of electronic or microcomputer systems. Image that is the use of electronic or computer-controlled, variable part of the zipper machine labor for automatic functions, such as automatic needle position, auto-trace, automatically tacking, and automatically change the color line. This will be a large number of freed labor from the production line.

Electromechanical integration equipment not only the number of workers to reduce the adoption of uniform size, uniform standards, the details closer to perfect, and make the quality of the clothes will have improved significantly. "Garment Co., Ltd. of Tianjin Sheng Hung, general manager of pay Yan England, decided to increase the company s mechanical and electrical integration equipment investment, in response to the concept of "labor shortage".

Learned that clothing companies rush to market under the Forced "upgrade", living in the industrial chain uplink equipment companies also introduced a lot of automation, intelligence and other technological equipment for the market in a timely manner.

CISMA2011 exhibition site, automated, intelligent clothing equipment become the flagship product, and occupies an absolute advantage in the product mix of exhibitors.

The popularization and application of automated garment equipment upgrade to the transformation of science and technology help service enterprises, but also change the style of manufacturing operations of the service enterprises to save production costs, improve business performance.

Relevant departments carried out a survey on the industrial application of science and technology, an automatic bag opening machine in the garment processing plant usage tracking statistics. The results showed that the eight individuals in accordance with the original traditional crafts, such as do jacket pockets process now with automatic bag opening machine, a worker can save only seven workers.

Automation, intelligent enterprise energy-saving and efficient production operations help a lot, but if the lack of information technology, the apparel industry supply chain competitive advantage will still be compromised.Non-wovem bag making machine

The five strategies of the garment industry "12th Five-Year Planning, Industrial Science and Technology strategy is a very important strategy, the core work is the construction of information technology." President Chen believes that information technology is critical to the transformation of the industry to upgrade.

Future competition in the apparel industry supply chain competition, open up the corporate construction of the industrial supply chain, information technology building is considered essential in the promotion of industrial integration of the two, it is the top priority of our technology strategy, information technology can be brought about a rapid response mechanism in the market and product control mechanism, "rapid response" is a brand in the market, the invincible magic weapons, "fast", we must rely on the support of information technology and other high-tech. "

The information construction of digital information, computer technology and network technology based collection, integration, transmission and application of garment design, processing, sales and other links in the information, enabling the optimal allocation of garment enterprise resource s, improve business efficiency .

Given the importance of information technology enterprises, garment enterprises also very concerned about the construction of enterprise information.

"We have ERP as the core financial system, as well as the design phase of PLM and distribution systems Ding Jie, software, these three systems to help us reshape the enterprise value into a new commercial civilization." Metersbonwe CIO Min Jie is quite satisfied with the enterprise information construction achievements, the ERP reflect the financial results and financial statements, PLM to solve the efficiency and synergy of the development phase, while the distribution system to solve the problem of back-end supply chain, including e-commerce operating platform. "

The information construction of the key does not lie in the information system is advanced, but rather clever business model or not. "Youngor Group Vice President and CIO Yong-Sheng Han that the key to the success of the enterprise information is that information technology can the formation of an effective running interactive system with the enterprise, information on the road from the sale of front-end counter-current, the final touch is the nerve center on the Younger, in the manufacture of the problem is not, to a certain the extent there is excess capacity, the key lies in the activation of-sale terminals, information supply chain in accordance with business needs. "

Visible, advanced technology is important, but technology in the enterprise of the personalized "custom" is winning in the market a key factor. The industry has been with "not on the ERP is to die on the ERP is to die," the joke, which are all implicit information technology for businesses, is an inevitable choice, but difficult embarrassing the status quo.

In recent years, more and more supporting enterprises concerned about the information needs of the garment enterprises have launched the latest information technology products. On in CISMA2011 exhibition, Gerber will China, as its PLM solutions for the Asia-Pacific region to promote the station, Lectra also show the scene to explain the application example of the "all-digital garment production. Supporting enterprises to see the market potential of information technology solutions in the Chinese garment industry, but whether the actual business operations designed to provide supporting information technology solutions is the beachhead market key.

Clothing industry Science and Technology rate from 40 percent to catch up with developed countries, 80% level, we should see in addition to the potential for future development, as well as to respond to the challenges, which requires co-operation of the whole industry chain to ensure the technology into a competitive force.

"Create" brand

Industrial docking and science and technology to strengthen the bidding advantages of Chinese apparel in the world market. But with the MADE IN CHINA swept the globe, to bring the apparel industry is not the brand recognition, but a cheap label.

"Our hard power is not bad. Current value creation is the core of soft power is the brand value." China National Garment Association executive vice president of Da-Peng Chen said.

From OEM to ODM, from low-end manufacturing to luxury foundry, China s garment industry chain in the market competition and constantly improve. Although we have a production line of manufacturing luxury goods, but failed to bring the premium value of luxury goods. The reason is the lack of soft power of the industry.

To this end, the industry in recent years has been strongly promoting the transformation and upgrading. Transformation and upgrading of the forward, but on the quality of the garments to enhance the soft power of the industry need more to increase the added value of the clothing.

"Our production costs are generally 400 to 500 yuan, but to foreign sales prices are generally 800 to 900 euros." Said the man in charge of Guangdong an OEM luxury apparel company.

Luxury to enjoy a high premium rate in the market, Foreign Trade and Economic University Vice-Chancellor, University of Foreign Trade and Economic Cheung Kee luxury, Research Center Principal Consultant Zhao Zhongxiu, said recently that the direct cost of luxury goods, including raw materials and manufacturing costs, more than 10% of the selling price.

The key is to create a high premium brands, therefore, to enhance the industry s soft power, we must first create the brand.

Of course, the manufacture of the brand can not be achieved.

The World Luxury Association recently announced the world s 10 top fashion brands, these brands are all concentrated in Europe. This reflects the brand from the other side, especially the creation of top brands, the need is a good technological heritage and cultural heritage.

Explore the formation history of the world s big, it is not difficult to find, most of the brand created will rely on the brand of industrial clusters. It is because of the British wool fabric in Italy by hand, the French design, the only European clothing big get together and provide a "fertile soil".

Need of cultural accumulation through time sharpening, the moment the most critical of Chinese-made brand is an excellent technology heritage, not only is the premise of the formation of historical heritage, but also created the basis of the brand. Only the heritage of a good process in order to aggregate formation of industrial clusters in ground effect, the industrial chain link branding, is the "manufacturing" Chinese clothing brand is the most powerful driving force. Chinese clothing brand to create the missing brand in the industry chain.

As DuPont great reputation impatient lycra, many people are very puzzled, because spandex is almost well known things lot of money in new fabric. Some lamented that The DuPont good at creating the standard manufacturing popular. Ultimately, however, this can not be separated from the DuPont brand.

The clothing brand is actually a brand of industrial chain polymerization, and the manufacture of clothing brand is inseparable from the promotion of the industrial chain.

The quality of the Chinese garment industry chain has long been the OEM PRADA, ARMANI, such as first-line luxury to prove that the industry failed to form the big luxury premium key is the lack of our brand. Just think, in the industrial chain in China, fabric Lenzing have of YKK zipper, sewing machine BROTHER (brothers), the CAD have Lectra, PLM, Gerber, and that the manufacture of clothing brands in China be far behind?

Industrial chain can not only help the manufacturing of clothing brand, while the trend toward the development of the brand of the industrial chain and even be able to guide the apparel industry.

Well versed in advanced custom must have heard SCABAL (Shijia Po), and this produced in the UK fabric known as "the best that money can buy fabric.

For decades, SCABAL in particular to the development of new fabric innovation known major technological breakthrough on the fabric almost launched by it. From 16.5 micron wool, super150 support fabric, and now known as the "peak" (summit), "super-two hundred and fifty" (super250) support wool, the price to £ 2000 one yards. SCABAL of every innovation, gave high-level customization to bring a new wave of fashion, almost all of the advanced customization will as SCABAL fabric trends to update product advertised trend of high-end.

The secrets behind branding SCABAL perhaps from its corporate credo is evident: in the source material, we never cut costs. It is many years in quality control, innovation, manufacturing high-end brand.

The recent Internet rumors of the late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il fashion ICON label, but he has always been a favorite custom suit, listed in the stores did not come to advanced custom but SCABAL fabric, which highlight the strength of the brand.

Like leave SCABAL senior to develop many of the same will dim, on the industrial chain link shape of the clothing brand is critical, and fabrics in which the basic and important part.

Solid wood flooring, it also includes the pure solid wood flooring and multi-layer solid wood flooring imitation wood flooring mainly refers to the laminate flooring imitation wood flooring is just a popular title. Broadly speaking, imitation wood floor also includes other types of flooring imitation wood texture, such as Stone Sculpture floor. Some areas, such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Chongqing, the central region in order to distinguish between the two literally these two different types of flooring the difference between the title of the wood and imitation wood.
According to the latest data published by the Forest Industry Association Flooring Committee, in 2010, sales of flooring manufacturers in China about 399 million m2 laminate flooring (ie, imitation wpc floor), each accounted for about overall sales in the multi-layer solid wood flooring and solid wood flooring 59%, 22.3% and 11%, other categories such as bamboo flooring, wood flooring, cork flooring, Stone Sculpture floors, a total accounting for 7.7%.
We can see from the above data, imitation wood flooring sales in the Chinese market continues to occupy half of the overall sales. Over 5000 manufacturing enterprises of China wood flooring market, imitation wood flooring brands, with brand appeal, but a few, according to the survey of the media is more susceptible to imitation wood flooring brands recognized by consumers are mostly concentrated in the Dekor, living at home Bender, SITA, Fillinger more than a dozen high-profile brand.
Many of the benefits of imitation wood flooring has been recognized by most consumers, compared to solid wood flooring and other category of flooring, it has the following outstanding advantages:
1, imitation wood floors better wear resistance than solid wood flooring, conventional imitation wood floor wear revolution can be achieved in 6000 – more than 10,000 rpm.
Protective imitation wood flooring solid wood flooring is more impact, fire and corrosion, and durability.
3, the formation of imitation wpc flooring foot comfort, flexible, assembly gaps and flatness difficult to compare with other types of flooring.
4, low carbon and environmental protection, imitation wood flooring raw material used mainly man-made fast-growing forests, use of the times, fuelwood manufacturing. Now the departments of national industry in order to ensure human health, strengthening the raw material producers of formaldehyde release limit, high-quality brands of imitation wood floor will not cause human health hazards.
Easy to use activities in the living room, without changing his shoes, do not wax, do not repeat the rubbing, even if the tea spilled juice spills, cigarette butts off the ground, floor items, dirt stained, gently rub, drag a drag , the ground is engraved bright as new.
6, good stability, imitation wood flooring does not produce such as solid wood flooring is often prone to thermal expansion and contraction, the problem of structural instability.
7, diverse economy, imitation wood floor color, the harmonization of the different style of decoration, fully meet the user personalization, the price is low than solid wood flooring, belonging to the affordable floor.
8, ease of installation and cost savings. The imitation wood flooring installation method is simple, generally use a floating pavement. Generally 40 – 80 square meters area of ??the room to install laminate flooring. An installation work only 6-9 hours of solid wood flooring installation time is about 4-6 times more than the imitation wood floor installation, and take care of the health and maintenance of wood The floor can save compared to half the time.

With the emphasis on improvement in the level of environmental resources, waste recycling and comprehensive utilization of resources as the core loop model of economic development has become the trend of world economic development. Vigorously develop the resource recycling technology will be economic development and environmental sustainability have a profound impact. The use of waste plastic and wood fiber production of composites-32/">wood plastic composites products is adapted to the requirements of good project.
Wood plastic composites is the recent emergence of new environmentally friendly building materials, in a foreign country is just getting started. The raw materials used in wood-plastic products available waste plastics and waste wood, agriculture, forestry, straw and other plant fibers as the substrate, without any additional harmful ingredients. Recyclable and re-use, be regarded as the true sense of environmental protection, energy conservation, resource recycling new products.
Sound and thermal insulation of solid wpc flooring, regulate humidity, cool, green harmless, beautiful and noble, durable, solid wood decorative style back to nature, the texture of the natural decline in forest coverage has been vigorously promoting environmental protection, solid wood flooring is more precious.
Laminate flooring to wear beautiful, environmentally friendly, moisture-proof, flame retardant, moth, easy to install, easy to clean and care, economic and practical advantages and access to more consumers; laminate flooring quality continuous improvement of the surface treatment technology more advanced and diversified to better meet the needs of different markets.
In at the same time to maintain the affinity of solid wood flooring, wood flooring, but also has good moisture-proof water-resistant, acid and alkali, antifungal, anti-static, anti-moth. The wood flooring is quietly popular, low-carbon, green, environmentally friendly, recyclable, recycled to conquer the hearts of many consumers.

Sand from the processing of sand by sand making machine and other ancillary equipment, finished more rules can be processed into different process requirements of the different rules and the size of the sand, to better meet the daily needs. Natural sand is now less and less, a large number of natural sand is bound to the environment cause irreparable damage, and will pay a painful price. So we must use a mechanism of sand to replace natural sand to maintain the ecological balance, protecting the environment.

Sand equipment: sand production line usually sand by vibrating feeder jaw crusher, cone crusher, impact crusher, sand making machine (5x series vsi series, pcl series), shaker, washing machine, tape conveyor and centrally electric control devices such as the composition.
The equipment materials of sand: the aggregate of hard limestone, granite, basalt, river gravel, smelting and refining multi-residue and other materials.

The Xiangjiang River water pollution remediation work has been going on for two years, did not decline. Reporters learned from Loudi City Development and Reform Commission, located in the Xiangjiang River middle reaches of a tributary Lianshui River Basin Shunxin stainless steel pipe fittings has been discontinued by the end of July. This is the Hunan Province, the largest a private stainless steel pipe fittings enterprises.stainless steel pipe fittings
Loudi City Development and Reform Commission, the municipal government has been the topic matters related to deployment of the enterprise out of the exit. The Shunxin stainless steel pipe fittings Lianyuan City (county-level cities) investment in November 2003, the overall acquisition of a private company formed by the former state-owned Lianyuan metallurgy and building materials Plant, more than 1,100 employees. Has been fully operational since September 2006, the cumulative taxes of 94.38 million yuan.sanitary pump
The Shunxin about 260 million yuan for the production of stainless steel pipe fittings before and after the input. But the products of crude steel, pig iron. Waste water, dust and pollution and other reasons, in the Xiangjiang River water pollution remediation program developed by the Hunan Provincial Government, Shun Xin was included in the deadline for phase-out to exit the list of enterprises. January 11, 2010, Loudi City ordered the company to all the production line before September 30 this year across the board to stop functioning.sanitary fittings
The Loudi party secretary Lin Wu spoke, though, this stainless steel pipe fittings companies is a local tax "big", but shut down in line with the city to adjust industrial structure, eliminating backward production capacity, strategic thinking. This as an opportunity to the Loudi will also develop a set of backward production capacity out of exit mechanism, the number of high-energy, high-polluting enterprises to be closed down.
Xiangjiang River pollution control project was launched in 2008, had been shut down 569 polluting enterprises in the watershed. Xiangjiang River Watershed Management has achieved initial success, and has begun to expand the comprehensive management of some of the tributaries. Hunan environmental protection department is expected by the end of this year reached a preliminary functional objectives for the water pollution control.

In order to improve the industry chain, to expand the asset size of industrial resources integration synergies, to avoid competition and to reduce the related party transactions, expand the size of the company, improve the company asset quality and further enhance the company s core competitiveness, Jinan, stainless steel pipe tube parts [4.11 0.00%] Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to the Jinan stainless steel pipe fittings "or the" Company "), intended for simultaneous implementation of the convertible to absorb the merger the Laiwu stainless steel pipe fittings Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the" Laiwu Steel [9.28 0.00%] ") non-public offering of shares to the Jinan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Jinan Iron and Steel Group") to purchase assets and non-public offering of shares to the Laiwu Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the "Laiwu Steel Group") to purchase assets (hereinafter referred to as "The major asset restructuring") program.
The company has 18 of the third Board of Directors meeting held on December 13, 2010, considered and passed on the the Jinan stainless steel pipe fittings implementation convertible absorption merger Laiwu Steel s motion "on the issue of shares to Jinan Iron and Steel Group the purchase of assets of the program motion "," motion "on the issue of shares to the Laiwu Steel Group to buy the assets of the program motion. According to the "major asset restructuring of listed companies," the "Shanghai Stock Exchange Listing Rules and articles of association of the the Jinan stainless steel pipe fittings and other relevant provisions, as an independent director of Jinan stainless steel pipe fittings, before we will carefully examine the relevant file written approval of the reorganization, agreed to submit to the Board of Directors reviewed and the major asset restructuring to express their views as follows:Stainless steel flange
One, the company board meetings, voting procedures comply with the relevant provisions of laws, regulations, regulatory documents, articles of association "and" Board Rules of Procedure, associate directors in consideration of the related party transactions motion to withdraw from the voting.
Second, the motion under the transaction is a major asset reorganization, the transaction on normal commercial terms. Related party transactions involved in objective and fair, fair terms of trade, reasonable, and not damage the company and other shareholders, especially minority shareholders interest. The major asset restructuring program in line with the company s development strategy in line with the overall interests of the company and all shareholders, and are conducive to enhancing the ability of the company s market competitiveness and sustainable development, the company s long-term development.
Adjustment of the three major asset restructuring plan on February 24, 2010 announcement of the original restructuring plan, the interests of the company s public shareholders, to ensure the quality of the assets into the listed company and the uncertainty of the future operation and development of program adjustment is reasonable and practicable.
Four, the major reorganization of assets in convertible merger, convertible price of the the Jinan stainless steel pipe fittings stainless steel pipe for the Jinan pipe absorption of A shares in the merger announcement of the resolutions of the Board in the 20 trading days prior to the consideration of the convertible the transaction price, ie $ 3.95 / share; Laiwu Steel convertible price for the consideration of the convertible to absorb the merger announcement of the resolutions of the Board in the 20 trading days prior to the A shares of the average trading price of the Laiwu Steel, or 8.90 yuan / shares. The convertible price is reasonable, fair, there is no damage to the circumstances of the company or the interests of shareholders.Stainless steel Pipe Fittings
Five, the convertible merger of the interests of the dissenting shareholders, the two sides agreed that given the Jinan stainless steel pipe fittings dissenting shareholders to the dissenting shareholders to acquire claims, the exercise of dissenting shareholders to acquire the claim Jinan stainless steel protection Jinan stainless steel pipe tube pipe fittings, dissenting shareholders may effectively declared for each share of Jinan stainless steel pipe fittings shares in the acquisition of Jinan, stainless steel pipe fittings, the dissenting shareholder request the implementation of the right, access to acquisition by the dissenting shareholders the right to pay the Provider in accordance with the pricing basis Jinan Stainless steel pipe fittings, stock transactions, the average price to determine the 20 trading days prior to the announcement of the cash price, or $ 3.95 per share. .Stainless steel reducer
Major asset restructuring parties to assess the value of the issued shares to buy assets to determine the final transaction price basis, the trading price of the transaction is reasonable, fair, there is no damage to the circumstances of the company or the interests of shareholders. As assessment of the restructuring-related asset assessment institutions engaged in securities related to the assessment of business qualifications, with full independence, the assessment of reasonable assumptions, assessment methods in line with the relevant provisions of the actual situation and evaluation of object to assess the appropriateness of the parameters used in line with the principle of prudence, reasonable asset evaluation findings, assessment methods and evaluation purposes consistent.
Seven, in order to protect the company of all public shareholders to fully exercise the voting rights, the company will provide all shareholders with Internet voting platform.
8, the major asset restructuring is subject to customary to complete a number of conditions, including but not limited to obtaining the Jinan stainless steel pipe fittings and Laiwu Steel shareholder approval the convertible merger, Jinan, stainless steel pipe fittings general meeting of shareholders to approve the issued shares to buy assets of Jinan Iron and Steel Group and Laiwu Steel Group issued shares to buy assets of state-owned assets supervision and administration department for approval the major asset restructuring program, the China Securities Regulatory Commission approved the major asset restructuring plan approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, Shandong stainless steel pipe fittings Group Limited and its associated companies on the application for exemption from the tender offer.

Semiconductor lighting applications to get rid of the financial crisis, the trend growth of more than 30%, reaching 60 billion yuan. LED Rope Lightenterprises how to use capital markets to accelerate its own development? China LED Rope Lightindustry, the rapid development in the past 10 years, has become the world\\ s most important and fastest growing LED Rope Lightmarket. China is not only the LED Rope Lightmanufacturing power, and LED Rope Lightapplications.

    The LED Rope Lightindustry has a long industrial chain, the technical features of each area and capital characteristics vary widely, from upstream to midstream to downstream barriers to entry to gradually reduce. Upstream epitaxial materials and chip manufacturing has the typical \"double high\" (high-tech, high capital) characteristics of the middle reaches of packaging technology and capital investment in the middle and lower reaches, and application of low technological content and capital investment.

    The LED Rope Lightindustry is a high-tech industry, are environmentally friendly, energy saving policies to encourage the development of the industry, no doubt belongs to the GEM support and guide the focus of industry. At the same time the development of our country LED Rope Lightpackaging and application of industry rapidly, mostly small scale enterprises, and the GEM has been positioned very good combination of points, but there is no one LED Rope Lightpackaging and application companies listed on the GEM. LED Rope Lightpackaging and application enterprises should seize the opportunity of the capital market, improve the mechanism, integrated enterprise, expand the scale of active use of the GEM development. See from the analysis point of view of industrial economics and the development of Taiwan\\ s LED Rope Lightindustry experience, support and guide the LED Rope Lightindustry development in the middle and lower reaches will be driven by the rapid development of LED Rope Lightindustry as a whole. Taiwan LED Rope Lightindustry is a typical downstream cut mode, that is accumulated through 20 years the middle and lower reaches of package and experience in the field, and gradually extended to expand to the upper reaches of the epitaxial materials and chip manufacturing.

    On Further Improving the GEM recommended operating guidelines \"clearly GEM has been positioned to play the functioning of markets to promote the development of innovation enterprises and other growth-oriented start-ups, support and promote the national strategic development of emerging industries,\" support and guide \" The enterprises of the national strategic direction of development of new industries, especially in the field of new energy, new materials, information, biotechnology and new medicine, environmental protection, aerospace, marine, advanced manufacturing, high-tech service enterprises, as well as other areas with independent innovation capacity, growth and strong corporate. At the same time, GEM\\ s goal is \"to achieve the national innovation strategy, and promote industrial upgrading, the GEM financing platform for innovative high-growth companies\".

The basic situation of the domestic stainless steel pipe fittings industry in 2010: strong demand, record high crude stainless steel pipe fittings production; increased costs, an oversupply of inefficient enterprises. Although the regulation of real estate experience, limited power to limit production and other unfavorable factors, but the state of the industry as a whole is running smoothly. Capital markets, the stainless steel pipe fittings plate in 2010 the overall performance is poor, as of December 24? Shanghai Composite Index fell about 13 percent compared to the beginning of the year? stainless steel pipe fittings plates over the same period fell by about 25%, underperforming the broader market by 12 percentage points.
Production and demand of high growth in 2010:
Crude stainless steel pipe fittings production highs. It is expected that the year 2010 crude stainless steel pipe fittings production of 625 million tons, an increase of about 10%. stainless steel pipe fittings per month in May, the demand is expected to decline and energy savings, production decline in the second half, most of the iron and stainless steel pipe fittings production is gradually returning to normal in December.
Since the beginning of this year, iron ore is the raw material prices rose sharply, as of December 24, 2010, the Qian an iron concentrate price is about 1400 yuan / ton, up 50% compared with the beginning of the year.
Domestic stainless steel pipe fittings production and demand in 2010 to maintain a high growth, but the meager profits of iron and stainless steel pipe fittings enterprises. The first three quarters of 2010, average sales profit rate of China s 77 large and medium-sized stainless steel pipe fittings enterprises was only 2.84%, iron and stainless steel pipe fittings enterprises in the low-profit status, is the lowest in all industries. Rising costs, excess capacity is low effectiveness of the main reasons of the iron and stainless steel pipe fittings enterprises.
stainless steel pipe fittings demand slowdownStainless steel Pipe Fittings
"12th Five-Year" period, China s economic development structure facing adjustment, consumption, investment and exports will spur economic growth, boosting the investment will maintain reasonable growth. With economies in transition is a gradual process, the transformation of economic development is not to give up the expense of economic growth for the period of time the investment is still the main driving force of China s economic growth.
Urban fixed asset investment in January-November, 2010 to 21.0698 trillion yuan, an increase of 24.9%. 439 758 from the construction and new projects in January-November total construction projects, an increase of 10,288; new projects 301,937, down 15,075. Although the number of new projects a year-on-year decrease, but the number of construction projects that would increase demand for stainless steel pipe fittings to maintain a certain viscosity. We remain optimistic about the "12th Five-Year Plan marks the beginning of the fixed assets investment performance, high fixed asset investment growth and higher new construction area will drive the demand for stainless steel pipe fittings, expected 2011 growth rate of investment in fixed assets by about 22%, slightly lower than the 2010 level.
Real estate investment accounted for about 20% of the total investment in fixed assets. January to November 2010, real estate development and investment 4.2697 trillion yuan, an increase of 36.5%. Real Estate Investment demand for construction stainless steel pipe fittings will have a greater impact. The amount of completed real estate development and investment, new housing construction area, as well as the purchase of the land area of ​​view, the negative effects of the real estate control policy did not lead to real estate investment is shrinking rapidly, and has exceeded the market s pessimism. Protection of housing construction will reach 10 million units by 2011. Protection of housing construction can replace the real estate pulling the upstream and downstream investment priorities to achieve the economic goals of steady growth.Pipe Fittings
Us to predict the intensity of stainless steel pipe fittings consumption in GDP in 2011 apparent stainless steel pipe fittings demand. 1999-2010 annual crude stainless steel pipe fittings consumption in GDP intensity coefficient in the 0.1494-0.2371 interval, the strength coefficient of stainless steel pipe fittings consumption in 2009 reached a peak in recent years, economic growth in 2009 constant price estimates at 1999 prices as the main driving force derived from the investment, a higher proportion of stainless steel pipe fittings to use. "12th Five-Year" period China s economic restructuring? Strength coefficient of stainless steel pipe fittings consumption in 2011 is expected to continue to fall. Method of calculation of consumption intensity of GDP, we have come to the apparent consumption of crude stainless steel pipe fittings in 2011 5.94-7.15 billion tons. We expect that 2011 crude stainless steel pipe fittings consumption is about 650 million tons.
From a historical point of view, the domestic stainless steel pipe fittings prices by demand, supply and cost impact. 2011 domestic demand for stainless steel pipe fittings will continue to maintain a certain growth rate, but in the case of overcapacity, rising stainless steel pipe fittings prices more to self-cost promotion, expected 2011 average price of stainless steel pipe fittings is about 10% -15% higher than in 2010.
2011 investment strategy
"12" during the period of the mode of economic growth will gradually change, economic restructuring will reduce the strength of economic growth in stainless steel pipe fittings consumption. With economies in transition is a gradual process, investment inertia will remain the driving force of the 2011 domestic market, stainless steel pipe fittings demand growth, the 2011 domestic crude stainless steel pipe fittings apparent demand is expected to increase in 2010 on the basis of 48 million tons to reach 650 million tons, up an increase of 8-9%. With the implementation of the strategic emerging industries, iron and stainless steel pipe fittings demand growth will slow China s crude stainless steel pipe fittings consumption will show a downward trend is expected to "second five" final.Stainless steel reducer
The current level of domestic stainless steel pipe fittings plate PB 1.5 times, compared to about CSI 300PB discount of 60%, higher than the historical average level of discount. PB valuation of the world s largest iron and stainless steel pipe fittings enterprises in 1-2.5 times. A-share market stainless steel pipe fittings plate book value is minimum, we believe that the overall valuation is more reasonable. High growth rate of domestic investment in fixed assets in 2011, industrial enterprises in the economy and ever-increasing will the demand for stainless steel pipe fittings to form effectively pulling, we expect industry earnings better than 2010, but earnings growth is largely limited by rising raw material prices. The medium term, the "12th Five-Year" period of high energy consumption and pollution of the stainless steel pipe fittings industry may face the Limits to Growth, giving the industry a "neutral" rating.
China needs to have to adjust the economic structure, in order to promote sustainable economic development. The economic structural adjustment will not be easy, scheduled for 2011 China s economic growth will continue mainly to the stimulation of investment, infrastructure construction, real estate is still the main areas of stainless steel pipe fittings consumption. Iron and stainless steel pipe fittings industry in the second quarter of 2011 will have a structured trading opportunities? Optimistic about regional development advantages Bayi Iron & stainless steel pipe fittings, Xinxing Ductile Iron Pipes; with resources advantages Erdos, Lingganggufen, and Daye Special stainless steel pipe fittings has a higher growth, a long Litas material.

South Korean steel industry plans to invest 8.386 trillion Korean won, 3.7 percent more than last year, accounting for 48 percent of the country s 58 major business investment.
South Korea Ministry of Knowledge Economy announced on January 13, the South Korean steel industry this year to invest 8.386 trillion won ($ 7.5 billion), an increase of 3.7 percent compared with last year.Stainless steel tee
The statement said that the Korean steel industry s investment will account for 48 percent of the 17.5 trillion won investment in 58 major enterprises. These large companies, including petrochemical products companies and non-ferrous metal producers.
2011 South Korea s Posco Steelmaker Posco plans investment 5.4 trillion won, petrochemical companies, LG Chem Ltd. will invest 2.7 trillion won, chemical companies, the OCI Co. will invest 1.5 trillion Korean won.Stainless steel flange
Ministry of Knowledge Economy said, Overall, 58 major companies plan to invest 8.5% more than last year, last year a total investment of 16.099 trillion Korean won.Stainless steel Pipe Fittings

Check more accurate preoperative

Wuhan Iger Eye Hospital myopia preoperative examination included visual acuity (uncorrected distance and near vision and corrected distance and near vision), corneal diameter, pupil diameter, intraocular pressure, corneal topography examination, computer optometry, optometry to dilate directly ophthalmoscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, corneal thickness, external eye examination, Seaman tests, needs to routine three-mirror contact lens for high myopia, fundus fluorescein angiography, visual field and OCT and other checks to be done, if necessary, according to the precise examination results for you \"tailored\" surgical plan.

 
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Preoperative the Procedure

Preoperative stop wearing contact lenses of two weeks.

To my center to do a detailed eye examination, and scheduled surgery time.

3, 3-4 days before surgery by your doctor eyedrops.

4 preoperative ahead of personal hygiene. Wearing a cardigan, quit alcohol. Do not make-up on the day of surgery. Does not wear perfume, mousse. Nails, diligent practice watching the training.

5, before surgery, if cough, general malaise, fever, cold, and other reasons can not be on time surgery, 3-5 days in advance with the hospital, the doctor patient rescheduling of surgery time.

6, the day of surgery, time of notification by the hospital on time to reach the hospital. Turn off the phone before entering the operating room, portable package handed over to family members for safekeeping.

7, ask the doctor in the surgery, take aim, surgical goals, keep the eye does not rotate, you can blink.

Business users, the first thought in the purchase of a printer is an inkjet printer. Inkjet printers to its low price, high quality output effect conquered the hearts of the majority of home users. The color laser printer price threshold is low, in 2006 to buy a color laser printer need to spend 7000 yuan, 6000 yuan in 2007 to 2008 only 5000 yuan can buy. Users select a color laser printer, we must first understand the new technologies have the equipment in terms of color output color printing and software features, as well as these new technologies and new features to adapt to the needs of their own color printing. Xiaobian to recommend five print speed and quality are very good products.

    HP\\ s new generation of black and white laser printer HP LaserJet 5200 series models HP specifically for enterprise users of A3 launched in the mid-2006 a main model, compared to the classic model of the previous HP LaserJet 5100 series in the professional printing efficiency superior in terms of print quality and economic durability to meet the demanding needs of government, finance, manufacturing, business, office, small printing center environment.

    HP LaserJet 5200 series proud of print index, black and white print speed 35ppm, which is equivalent to less than 2 seconds output a print speed of ordinary civilian-level models is difficult to match. In addition LaserJet 5200 laser printers are relatively rare aspect to 1200 x 1200dpi print resolution. In addition, production for the enterprise user, the LaserJet 5200 printing loads up to 65000, which is equivalent to a daily output of over 2000 pages.

    HP Classic main push model, the HP LaserJet 5200 monochrome laser printer using a Hewlett-Packard developed a series of new technologies, such as eye-catching ceramic engine 0 seconds preheating \",\" \"font feed path design, etc. long-life structure and high load, high-capacity toner cartridges, high-capacity cartridges, high-speed processing chip, the new RipOnce page explain the technology and so on.

    CPU speed to 533MHz to achieve the highest level of industry embedded processor, the processor can reach a speed of 35ppm output, the same level the majority of A3 monochrome laser printer to reach this speed. In addition, high-speed USB 2.0 interface and built-in Ethernet port, and can be more high-speed data transmission, the amount of data and then do not waste time to wait.

Lanzhou University doctoral tutor Professor Lu Kun and doctoral Qiaofeng Li, Tang Bing, after three years of painstaking research of new structural style of the development of the leading domestic level electromagnetic expansion valve, recently won a national utility model patents. At present, an electronic expansion valve used in refrigeration equipment most complex structure, high manufacturing costs, and bulky, limiting its wide application in the refrigeration system. However, home air conditioners and air conditioning industry is able to complete the expansion device of the cooling capacity of the continuous adjustment of the electromagnetic throttle demand. The use of advanced computer-aided design and manufacturing technology development of electromagnetic expansion valve embodies the idea of ​​"energy saving, high efficiency, low-cost" fully meet the premise of the electronic expansion valve technical requirements, reduce manufacturing costsglow plugs

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Actually paying the money can be earned! May Qiaojilade China speech!

Reduce energy consumption, noise, and the advantages of simple structure. It is predicted that the expansion of the electromagnetic valve applications market prospect is broad.Vacuum Actuator

LED lamp technology can be divided into two discrete and integrated, discrete technology for manufacturing street light a

single light source, more than 1W of integrated technologies for the integrated chip manufacturing street lamp as a light

source. More discrete technology companies, the reason is because most of the manufacturers of discrete light heat and light

distribution problems easier to solve, then the LED lights to achieve the purpose of saving money. However, the reality is

not the case. Has perfect heat LED lights with light can indeed play a role in saving money. Discrete integrated street

facing the complex heat and light distribution, are not properly solved: heat dissipation can not afford to with too much

light loss, it will lead to poor lighting, energy saving effect is not obvious, even dead lights LED street lamp energy

section is not money, technology, but off the impression of the consequences caused to the user. Specifically, since the

advent of the semiconductor light source has been used in artillery shells structure. This package current, light emitting

low. High power lighting-on-chip current has reached a few hundred mA or even higher, due to the low photoelectric conversion

efficiency, most of the energy distributed in the form of heat, high temperature is the great enemy of the chip. Continue to

follow the old method, not innovation is not completely solve the luminous efficiency of LED lights, the light fades the

problem.
Discrete light street lamps light the following deficiencies: light plus peanuts light with losses of about 15%, plus about

15% of the glass but also losses, and made of lamps the total amount of light emitted by the loss of about 30%. The ultimate

purpose of the lamp according to the road serving others, the key depends on the street lamp light efficiency, judged with

light the merits of the whole lighting effect at the same time it is more important is the pavement of the entire lamp

luminous efficiency. Only through the light distribution to improve road light efficiency of the whole light in order to

determine the energy-saving how much. Road luminous efficiency is an important indicator of assessment of LED lights,

although the relevant units have not yet introduced the relevant standards, but whether or not any street lights are to be

irradiated to the road. Under the premise of the total power, total luminous flux as high as possible on light projected onto

the pavement as possible. Discrete light sources in streetlights with light, with a nominal light flux to the number of how

many lumens, which is unscientific to say. Single light source made up of street light after the light has grown about 15

percent of glare and light pollution, reduce the effective light of the whole lamp on the road.

So how can we improve the luminous efficiency of the entire light road? Green era street light design ideas. First of all, to

tackle the problem from the source package structure. Light-emitting equal amount of chips, than COB encapsulated luminous

flux luminous flux of a single package. But do the lights first thing to consider is the luminous efficiency of the entire

lamp road. COB packaging in the light distribution, has the following advantages: 1, the color temperature consistency; and

easy with light;, easy to achieve efficient light distribution;, glare, low light pollution;, easy to do the waterproofing.
Secondly, to solve the problem from the perspective of light distribution. Street lights with light design caused by the

irrational optical loss is too large, energy-saving effect is greatly reduced, the COB is the future direction of development

in the next street light, road lighting efficiency of utilization under the same conditions than a single light source

suddenly increased to 30 % like. According to the present situation, 120W street lamps have been far more than the 250W high

pressure sodium effective road illumination than high pressure sodium lamp, energy-saving more than 70%.

When the water supply stainless steel tube Road construction is completed, using the traditional pressure test methods often encounter some problems:
(1) multi-stage test pressure
Often in the construction of urban water distribution dry stainless steel fittings laying km of stainless steel pipe fittings Road, it shall be divided into paragraphs to pressure test. Support are required to set up due to pressure test the stainless steel pipe segments at both ends, especially when the soil is not good, need to set up support large and deep, it has greatly increased construction costs.
(2) Pressure test the stainless steel pipe segment end of the backrest shift
Leaving the bearing stainless steel tube pieces of segments at both ends of the back of base soil loose prone to vertical or horizontal displacement due to the pressure test, pressure test failed.
(3) with valve operations
Not pressure test branch line valve removed or with a dry stainless steel pipe fittings and valves for the baffle, so that gate valve deformation under high pressure to produce relief, not only affects the pressure test, the main thing is also undermine the use of valves performance, so the future does not work properly.

1 solution

City dry stainless steel fittings in about 500 to 800 m are set to a valve, you can just use a stainless steel tube segment between the valve as a pressure test stainless steel pipe fittings segment (and sometimes the distance between the valve can not meet the requirements, Optional tee, cross, and other accessories). The steps are:
Be processed (1) pre-construction of a steel pressure test fittings (see Figure 1).
② When the installation of stainless steel pipe channel to the valve position, first, do not install valves fitted with pressure test kit, stainless steel pipe fittings in paragraph carefully check to make sure qualified to carry out hydraulic test, the method shown in Figure 2 show.
③ When the hydrostatic testing of the indicators are qualified to the required installation of valves, expansion joints, sets the length of the stainless steel pipe fittings and other accessories (as shown in Figure 3 the dotted line) the pressure test accessories amputated remove then fitted with valves, expansion joints, stainless steel pipe ");"> stainless steel tube piece is to ?

Compared with traditional methods, the construction method has many advantages:
(1) do not need to set the stainless steel tube end support to bring out its advantages, especially when the soil is not good;
② first pressure test valve, to avoid valve damage;sanitary fittings
③ The pressure test accessories can be reused, the construction is simple;
④ low construction costs.

2 Work

The working principle of the new method is based on the balance of the soil on the stainless steel pipe wall friction test pressure (Figure 4).

 ? P = Σf (1)
Where? P – test pressure, kN, P = p · S
? F – outer stainless steel tube pieces of wall and soil friction, kN, Σf = μ · N
Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings Road by the forces shown in Figure 5, the upper half by the soil weight pressure (G soil), the lower half of addition by soil gravity, as well as stainless steel pipe fittings and water weight caused by the reaction force (G water + G stainless steel tube). Visible:
? Soil N = G + G Water + G Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings (2)
G soil = soil of γ · g · [(H-+ d + R) 2 (R + d)-π (R + d) 2] · L (3)
? The G water = γ water, g · πR2 · L (4)
? G stainless steel tube = of γ stainless steel pipe fittings · g · π · [(R + d) 2-R2] ·? L (5)?
Where? R – stainless steel tube inside diameter, m
? D – stainless steel pipe wall thickness, m
? H – minimum soil thickness, m
? Γ – density, 103kg/m3, gamma soil 1.6 ~ 2.2, 7.8 of γ iron, gamma water for 1.0
? L – Stainless Steel pipe length, m
? G – acceleration due to gravity, 9.8m/s2?

Calculation Example: in the Asian Clay DN300 ductile stainless steel pipe pressure test, and overburden thickness of 0.7m, the test pressure of 700kPa, the calculation of the pressure test generated thrust 49480N, a safety factor of 1.8, you can calculate the shortest pressure test stainless steel pipe length of 61m.clamp ferrule

3 economic and technical comparison

Pressure test with the new pressure test economic

The cost of traditional methods and new methods of construction? Traditional method (new method (steel fittings connected) cast iron fittings connected) Remarks The main material and money, the fee the main material and money, fee steel, stainless steel pipe fittings 3m 1050.00 13.05 Cast iron stainless steel pipe fittings 3 m 2 964.00 8.40 welded flange 589.70 43.4 single plate of short stainless steel pipe 1 1500.00 28.19 conversion 1 1208.00 105.79 Order of short stainless steel tube 1 1500.00 28.19 set stainless steel tube 1 850.00 28.19 excavators 12m3 4.95 backfilling compaction 10m3 3.41 welding blind board a flange cover blocking a single input can be reused, it is not included in the cost DN50 opening three square timber, steel plate number of the total 5 769.14 Total 945.27stainless steel pipe fittings

Seen from Table 1, the new method is not only more economical than traditional methods, fewer operating steps, more convenient and efficient. However, this method also has shortcomings: (1) channel at the end of stainless steel pipe fittings had to use support; 2 as the elevation difference between the larger of the method is restricted.

4 Conclusion

Compared with the conventional pressure test, new methods need to set the support and just processing a pressure test fittings, and has a convenient, economical and practical prominent characteristic, it is appropriate to promote.

Water pipes at home MR100-UF water purification straight drink machine filter configuration:clamp ferrule
Level 1: Compression PP pre-filter, powdered activated carbon to remove water, stainless steel clamps rust, sediment, algae, effective absorption of the organic matter, color and odor of water.
The second stage: the precise import of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane, further removal of colloids, microorganisms, bacteria, heavy metals and other substances.
The third stage: UV ultraviolet germicidal lamp, in an instant kill all harmful bacteria, viruses.sanitary fittings
The pipes home MR100-the UF water purification straight drink machine features:
1, the use of membrane separation technology, imports of polysulfone material, with a purification capacity of the large volume of water, long life, strong fouling.
2, a unique flush sewage functions, automatic washing in tap water during use of the ultrafiltration membrane wall, extend membrane service life while saving water.
Quality coconut shell activated carbon adsorption, long life.stainless steel pipe fittings
4, UV sterilization, disinfection technology, 254nm wavelength, sterilization quickly and thoroughly.
5, the number of clean water flow meter functions, user-friendly monitoring water quality and filter replacement.

Exhibits:

1: Injection molding machine film blowing machine blowing machine mold plastic packaging equipment bag making machine blow molding machine plastic machine, etc.

2: extrusion equipment, pulp molding extruder calender plastic petrochemical processing machinery, etc.Non-wovem bag making machine

3: plastic products, plastic containers, plastic pipe plastic furniture, plastic household goods of plastic fitness supplies

4: the plastics industry consulting and serviceszipper bag machine

Market analysis

Saudi Arabia is known as the "oil kingdom," said the Middle East s largest end-consumer market. She is not only the largest country in the Middle East and close to the African regional trade volume, is also the largest economy, the fastest growing market! Saudi Arabia s annual per capita consumption of plastics is about 48 kg, has reached the highest in the world; the local market to gather and material consumption to 23% of the annual average growth. In addition, the plastics industry has been strongly supported by industry of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Has the world s richest oil reserves, plastic raw materials and low energy prices; coupled with continuous absorption of foreign advanced processing technology to the Saudi investment in the plastics industry has maintained a high growth rate.bag making machine

Compact cylinder running for some time, the fuel system will form a sediment. The fuel system sediment hazards. Sediment can clog the injector needle valve, the valve hole, affect the performance of precision electronic injection system components, resulting in decreased dynamic performance; the formation of coke deposits in the intake valve, resulting in the closure of lax, resulting in engine idle speed instability increase accompanied by the deterioration of exhaust emissions, fuel consumption; sediments formed in the piston top and cylinder head and other parts of hard coke, the coke of high heat capacity and poor thermal conductivity, easy to cause the failure of the engine violent shock, such as; There will also shorten the three Yuan catalytic s life. As one of the key components of the EFI engine nozzle, it s good or bad will seriously affect engine performance. Nozzle blockage will seriously affect the compact cylinder performance. The blockage is due to coke deposition on the nozzle or due to impurities in the fuel and other engine clogging the nozzle channel. Yingkou old side of Star Auto Maintenance Factory provides the power injector cleaning machine cleaning to solve this problem. jelpc

    Yingkou old side of Star Auto Maintenance Factory is located in the Liaodong Peninsula, Yingkou known in a city and two in Hong Kong since its inception in 1992, has always been "quality is life" as a business philosophy class products, excellent service has won the majority of the user s trust. Ten years, through our unremitting efforts and support of the majority of users, the products in the domestic leading level, the sales network has reached all over the country. The plant mainly produces and sells the grease filling series, dilute the oil filling series, tire vulcanization series, tools, test series, 5 series, more than 20 kinds of specialized maintenance equipment. Compact cylinder electric engine nozzle cleaning detected won a national design patent; cylinder compact cylinder pneumatic tire vulcanizing machine won the national patent for utility model certificate.solenoid throttle valve

    Nozzle is good or bad, plays a fundamental role in each engine s power play. Cause injector is not working, due to poor fuel cylinder coke is serious; cylinder, piston ring accelerated wear, resulting in unstable idle speed, increased fuel consumption, speed up the weak, difficult to start and excessive emissions serious will be completely blocked nozzle , damage to the engine. Should be regularly cleaning nozzle, long-term cleaning or frequent cleaning of the nozzle will cause a bad influence.

    Electric fuel injector cleaning machine is the variety of working conditions of the simulation engine, a compact cylinder fuel injector cleaning, testing, while the compact cylinder fuel injectors and fuel supply system, demolition cleaning. Regular cleaning fuel injectors, is one of the very important operation in the maintenance of the engine, you can protect the normal operation of the engine, extending the life of the engine.flow control valve

The beverage filling machine for filling a variety of bottled drinks, suitable for large and medium-sized beverage manufacturers. Early filling machinery in most cases, the type of positive displacement pumps, peristaltic pump style as the measurement method. These methods has some shortcomings, such as: canned accuracy and stability is difficult to guarantee, to replace the filling specifications difficult. The system uses the beverage dispensing equipment measurement is determined by the flow of time and per unit time, the measurement accuracy is determined by the programmable logic controller (PLC) control and man-machine interface — the touch screen monitor running status, available online to modify the operating parameters . PLC control programming is simple, reliable, and easy to use, widely used in industrial automation and control. The touch screen display and touch switch integrated programmable terminal (PT) is a new generation of advanced man-machine interface products. Host of touch-screen set, designed specifically for PLC applications in and output devices in one, suitable for use in harsh industrial environments.solenoid throttle valve
 1 works
  The beverage filling machine mainly includes three parts: the constant pressure reservoir the folder bottle and filling the first part of frequency control conveyor belt part. The upper part of the host is a constant pressure reservoir, which has upper limit and lower-level sensor, is a state when they are submerged. The constant pressure reservoir level falls below the lower bit empty. Drinks flowing into the constant pressure reservoir through the inlet solenoid valve, into the liquid surface to reach the upper limit position solenoid valve power off, the level remained stable. Filling equipment production process shown in Figure 1.
 The constant pressure reservoir below is part of the folder bottles and filling head, a total of 24 filling heads. Folder bottle device consists of a pneumatic cylinder and a drive drop, the decline is in place, the folder bottle device 2 clamped by a pneumatic cylinder positioning, down and clamping position by the trip switch control. Locating and clamping, the filling head 3 driven by the pneumatic cylinder fell into place after filling the first solenoid valve is opened to begin irrigation fluid, the delay after the solenoid valve closed, filling volume control through the control solenoid valve opening time. jelpc
 The conveyor motor is controlled by the inverter to achieve a continuously variable transmission to achieve the purpose of the system of economic operation. Motor start after 1 s, into the bottle cylinder retracts, the start into the bottle, 3 s out of the bottle at cylinder 4 stretched out to block the air feeding bottles. Into the bottle set at the photoelectric switch detects the number of bottle feeding, when detected 24 a bottle at the cylinder stretched out longer into the bottle, and stop the conveyor motor. At this time, the filling head down to the bottle, so that by the time input via the touch screen PLC control the open time of the filling head. After the end of the filling, the filling head up folder bottle device to relax, up. Out of the bottle at the cylinder retracts, the conveyor motor starts to rotate, 1 s last in the bottle at the cylinder retracts, the photoelectric switch detect the number of bottle feeding.
  The system is both switch control another analog Frequency Control. Both devices can be automatically run continuously moving point can be artificial to move the operation, which corresponds to the input of the various operating points, a lot of action needs to display status information for output point. If these I / O signals using electrical button, the indicator shows the way, will greatly increase the hardware modules and electrical connection, the corresponding failure rate will also increase. We use a combination of PLC and touch screen program. The screen of the touch screen is complete with a dedicated configuration software design, and then through the computer s RS – 232C serial communication port to download the touch screen. Via the serial interface communications between the PLC and touch screen, simple connection. System framework is shown in Figure 2.flow control valve

PLC-based applications in the beverage filling machine control system design method
 Filling equipment designed for the digital input point 13, one of which: 2 cylinder 10 motion sensors, level sensors, photoelectric switches. Digital output point 35: Filling the first electromagnetic valve control 24, the cylinder movement electromagnetic valve control 10, solenoid valve to control a tank.

    Frequency control system requires an analog input and an analog output point. The Tacho measuring motor speed and voltage signals into the analog input points, compared with the setpoint, the PID operation, the operation result output from the analog output point as the inverter control signal, the frequency control.

    The main control unit with the company SIEMENS S7 – 200 series PLC CPU224, plus two digital expansion module EM223 and an analog expansion module EM235. Touchscreen Taiwan PWS3260 type.
 Figure 3 is a block diagram of the touch screen software control program. The control program is prepared in menu form. Automatic features include: run, pause, end of reset. The manual features include: all moving parts into retirement, starting, stopping, etc.. Using the configuration software ADP3 alternative to program button functions. Button is pressed, the corresponding intermediate relay in the PLC is set to lift, respectively, so that the PLC to achieve control on the advance and retreat of a moving parts. Arbitrary Speed: according to the needs of users, the initial value set, value, etc. parameters, and maximum parameters to monitor, once the cross-border, that is, given the prompt. Operation monitoring: monitor the system state of the device, such as the abnormal state of the inverter, motor, timely power-off protection, and gives the alarm.
 The Siemens STEP 7 – Micro / W IN32 software on the host computer use more intuitive ladder or Statement List programming control processes and control algorithms, the program compiled successfully, the PC / PPI cable to connect the host computer and PLC programs downloaded to the PLC.
PLC – touch screen combined with the electrical control program, and mechanical, pneumatic cylinder, sensor technology portfolio as a whole, so that the filling equipment, simple operation, reliable performance, maintainability and flexibility of the device significantly improved.

More types of high-energy lasers, such as: CO2 electric excitation laser, CO2 gasdynamic laser, HF chemical laser, DF chemical lasers, oxygen-iodine laser-dimensional molecular lasers, free electron laser and nuclear incentives lasers. DF chemical laser with high energy (up to 500-1000J / g) The laser beam quality is good, does not require external power, high output power, the performance of the atmospheric transmission, etc.. At present, the continuous wave output power of the DF chemical laser has reached 2200kw, the 5000KW laser of output power experiment. Based mobile tactical high energy laser (MTHEL), new uses, including such systems at the airport or in the vicinity of the protection of civil and military aircraft from shoulder-fired missile attacks. United States and Israel has been seeking to counter short-range rockets, artillery shells and may pose a threat on the battlefield forces security threats to the source with MTHEL. Northrop Grumman believes that the MTHEL can also be used to eliminate the growing fear of terrorists and equipment to-air missile. Because the most vulnerable to attack aircraft taking off and landing, and Northrop Grumman are studying the possibility of MTHEL installed in the airport and its nearby buildings or truck. Northrop Grumman is trying to promote this study caused the U.S. government (including the interest of the National Security Agency), and hope to know whether the study can be funded within a few months. MTHEL system at the airport to establish a need tens of millions of dollars, but if the realization of economies of scale, this figure can be reduced. Very meaningful the MTHEL on aircraft protection. Because the response time of the missile attacks are generally short, but the MTHEL launched laser can reach the speed of light, therefore the MTHEL systems can compensate for the lack of airborne (missiles) against measures. Northrop Grumman had previously developed for the U.S. Army and the Israeli Ministry of Defense Fixed Tactical High Energy Laser (THEL) THEL demonstration system can be used as MTHEL system test bed. Currently, Northrop Grumman is working to reduce the size of the laser system components, so that it can move or install on the C-17 aircraft. The company may become the the MTHEL project s main contractor, developed a prototype is expected in 2007.

The future of the seventh generation of the BMW 3 Series will be launched in 2020, the new car will be more secure than ever before, more fuel-efficient and more easy for users to master the application. Recently, the network has been exposed on the imaginary figure of the foreign media to draw the new seventh-generation BMW 3 Series. Not very fuel-efficient models in the new fuel-efficient technology, the BMW series (such as the BMW 7 series and X5) will have been able to survive to 2030. In 2020 introduced a new generation of BMW 3 Series will be in the constructor will be significant changes because the design will be a great impact of the fuel-saving technology. BMW will be the future application of the technology introduced in the seventh generation 3 Series:

The sixth-generation 3-Series does not use the three-cylinder engine, but the new generation 3 Series models will be a three-cylinder engine. 2020, all car manufacturers European model lineup will reach an average of 95 g / km of carbon dioxide emissions, but this three-cylinder engine in BMW carbon dioxide emissions will be only 77 g / km by 2025 will will be reduced to 70 g / km. An electric motor will assist this process.

Advanced gasoline engine technologies, diesel engines, gasoline engine will be disabled by 2020 will not be disabled. They build up is cheaper than diesel engines, it is likely these costs will be part of the 2020 diesel engine will be disabled to save to make up the cost to build a hybrid system. BMW is testing an ignition driving mode, the other a combination of jet and laser spark plug is also considering. The target data for carbon dioxide emissions is 80 g / km, down to 70 g / km by 2025.

Closed engine and bottom layout

2020 BMW 3 Series engine compartment will be almost completely closed, with the same overall length underbody will help reduce aerodynamic drag. Even the suspension arm will be cast into a streamlined shape, which makes the air flow as smoothly as possible.

Laser sensor

Sensor will be used to detect other vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists. Sensor to help guide the car in a narrow lane, and the ability to give priority to the implementation of the steering to avoid the car leaving its lane.

Laser before the light

Ready to put into operation in the future in 2023, 2020, laser headlights will be the headlights of the mainstream. Photonics process to create a 1000 times brighter than the LED lights, 100 times smaller and fuel-efficient twice the white.

Streamlined wheel aircraft engineers will make a lot of engineering efforts to reduce the drag force around the wheel and wheel carrier. Inspired by the BMW i8, the seventh generation of the BMW 3 Series may vent to guide the airflow of the wheel surface, thereby creating a "boundary layer to reduce the turbulence.

Low drag force brake pads

The traditional brake pads will cause drag on the brake pads, wasting energy. The future, drivers have to brake when the brake pad away from the brake pads, and the use of intelligent forecasting system, and pulled them away from the top of the brake pads surface.

Streamlined wheels almost completely streamlined, the wheels of this design is to make the air flow smooth. Brake cooling system flows through the nose vent airflow manipulation.

The carbon fiber parts to reduce the weight of the fighting in 2020 will continue to be the most important, let alone to offset the additional weight of the motor and its battery. BMW s experience in carbon fiber reinforced plastic production to be very advanced, door panels, seat frames, instrument panel support and door trim may be made of carbon fiber materials.

Head display

To head display will become more common and more cutting-edge complex. Vision, ED concept car shows the future: hierarchical information, such as the direction of satellite navigation, radio stations, as well as projected onto the line of sight of motorists alert.

3D Satellite Navigation System

Additional information about the slope, the car engine off downhill, benefit, and by considering the uphill driving additional energy required to calculate the most fuel-efficient path.

Real-time vehicle – car alarm with an embedded SIM card, a new generation of BMW 3 Series will automatically send information about traffic and weather conditions, the latter through the automatic wipers and automatic headlight activation system to trigger. If the stability control system is activated, then it will be early warning other vehicles of local wet and slippery road conditions.

Touch sensor door handles

Expensive and complex car-door 2020 in the premium car disappear, replaced by a simple pit with a touch sensor and proximity to key.

9-speed automatic transmission with a "cruise" mode

The automatic transmission may improve fuel economy, and also to connect other systems to mesh a new "cruise" mode. This model with 3D satellite navigation system play a role in the car near a downward slope, turn off the engine and gearbox conversion to the neutral or "cruise" mode, allowing the car to decline in line do not use the energy situation.

Battery pack

i3 concept car shows how the structure of the 3 Series to optimize in order to install a battery pack in the rear of the car. It must be able to accommodate small or large battery, which is used for a mileage plug-in hybrids have more than 25 miles in pure electric mode. The gasoline engine plug-in hybrid version of the model will reach 43 g / km carbon dioxide emissions to 2025 will be reduced to 37 g / km.

Height-adjustable suspension system

The seventh generation 3 Series during the production, height-adjustable suspension system (in the speed is higher, height will be reduced in order to reduce the drag force) may become an optional equipment to enhance the real-world fuel economy.

Our company is the successful development of new water tower seam welding machine, Detailed as follows:

1: DC current welding, 30% energy saving, high welding strength, less prone to leakage, is more stable than the traditional form of communication towers welder.

2: Farewell to the traditional AC welding machine to be connected: 95 square wire requirements can be achieved: 35 square of traditional welding machine, welding thickness. Plant power requirements low, without their own newspaper mounted transformer, to save a majority spending.

3: the water tower of the new DC friction seam welder, my latest improvement from the original use copper axes, copper tile, to the conductive structure, into a new conductive way of the Post, copper to copper round, and greatly reduce the future use of the customer cost, maintenance cost, more compact head.

4: frequency stepless speed regulation, high efficiency, stable speed Transmission: chain drive motor, the motor gear drive, hydraulic drive, the convenience of customers select.

5: according to customer requirements to build a variety of enhanced water tower seam welding machine.

6: Balanced dual electric roll tendons machine by conventional pneumatic roller beading machine improvements from the previous pneumatic pressure uneven, often caused by walking, the pressure out of the tendons of different shades, especially a cold water tower, water tank insulation industry, it is difficult to achieve a unified, balanced dual electric roll tendons machine, you can double electric work at the same time, can be a single motor, adjust very convenient, and pressure out of the tendons integrated pneumatic roller tendons machine is fast, efficient, flexible, but also integrated electric beading machine embossed appearance, depth is a consistent high quality of the new water tower beading work

Industrial molds. Tire molds, rubber molds, polyurethane molds, polyethylene mold, PET mold, foam mold, injection mold, alloy die-casting mold, casting the hot core box, the cold-box, to clear more than resin, and failure to de-layer, carbonized film former, oil, to break down the vent, after cleaning the mold bright as new.

Line cleaning, without cooling and removal of mold, to avoid the chemical cleaning of mold corrosion and damage, mechanical damage of the mechanical cleaning of the mold and scratches, and repeated handling led to the decline of precision molds shortcomings. The key is to remove the demolition of mold and waiting for the mold to cool the two most time consuming step, so that can reduce the downtime of about 75% -90%.

The benefits of dry ice cleaning: dry ice cleaning can reduce downtime hours; to reduce the damage to the equipment; very effective cleaning high-temperature equipment; reduce or eliminate the use of solvents; to improve the safety of staff; and increase maintenance efficiency; reduce production downtime, reduce costs, improve production efficiency.

Technology Daily reported that a long time, cleaning and clean-up of the casting metal mold, is always plagued with technical problems the Dongfeng several foundries, and even the national foundry industry. The traditional mold cleaning method damage the expensive metal molds, precision inaccurate, affecting the quality of casting products, and reduce the life of molds. The end of 2002, in reference to the casting counterparts abroad advanced mold clean-up methods and access to a lot of technical information, the Commercial Vehicle Company of Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. Foundry finally established the dry ice blasting technology to clean up all the casting mold of the factory. Eliminating the traditional mold clean up the way many problems, the ergonomics of the metal mold clean-up not only doubled the accuracy of the mold also guaranteed, and the cleanup of the mold to become faster and more convenient, and completely solved long been plagued by Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. a few foundry a problem.

Petrochemicals. Cleaning the main air blower, air compressor, smoke, steam turbines, blowers and other equipment and all kinds of heating furnace, the reaction such as coking coking clear. Cleaning the heat exchanger on the polyvinyl chloride resin; clear compressors, tanks, boilers and other kinds of pressure vessels, oil, rust, dirt, hydrocarbons, and its surface dirt; clean up the reactor, condenser; decontamination of the complexity of the body; furnace tube cleaning.

According to the China Petroleum Daily reported, the dawn of the oil extraction plant of PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company is actively introducing dry cold boiler cleaning, jet cleaning technology and have achieved good results, not only reduces the temperature of the smoke, the boiler finned tube refractory the clear effect of fouling is more obvious. Boiler insulation layer also played a protective effect, extend the life of convection section, greatly improving the boiler thermal efficiency. The field test results show that the flue gas temperature from 275 ° C down to 195 ° C, chamber pressure decreased from 150 kPa to 0.65 kPa, fuel consumption per unit decreased from 64 kg / cubic meter to 59 kg / cubic meter, Chuangxiao more than 40 million.

At present, the dry cold jet cleaning technology in the domestic petrochemical industry to promote. For example, Jinling Petrochemical there are a number of subordinate enterprises, a dry cold jet cleaning technology for the cleaning of furnace tube, and achieved remarkable results.

Food and pharmacy. Baking in the oven residue and colloidal substances and oil, and not before baking the mixture of fresh products can be successfully removed. Effective liquidation of the oven, mixing equipment, conveyors, mold products, packaging equipment, hobs, hobs, container, roller and the inner wall of the freezer, biscuits furnace bars.

The benefits of dry ice cleaning: to exclude the use of harmful chemicals, to avoid the production equipment to exposure to harmful chemicals and produce a second garbage; fiction or get rid of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes bacteria, a more thorough disinfection, clean; exclude waterjet cleaning of electronic equipment damage; minimal equipment decomposition; reduce downtime.

The printing industry. Clear ink is very difficult, gear and rail product ink will result in poor print quality. The dry ice cleaning can remove a variety of oil-based, water-based inks and varnishes, cleaning up the oil on the gears, rails and nozzles for ink and dye, to avoid the emission of hazardous wastes and solutions, as well as personal injury caused by hazardous solvents.

The power industry. Power boilers, condenser, various types of heat exchangers can be cleaned; directly load charge carriers (37KV) Clean the indoor and outdoor transformers, insulators, power distribution cabinets, wire, cable; generators, motors, rotor , stator and other components without damage cleaning; turbine, the turbine impeller, blades and other parts rust, hydrocarbons and adhesive powder cleaning, without removing the blades, eliminating the need to re-adjust the balancing of the blades.

The benefits of dry ice cleaning: cleaning pollutants decomposition; reduce the power loss because these pollutants are cleared; reduce the external equipment and infrastructure maintenance costs; improve power system reliability; non-abrasive cleaning, maintaining the integrity of the insulator; more suitable for preventive maintenance.

The automotive industry. No water stains, cleaning door skin, Punta top compartment, underneath the oil, will not cause water pollution; automotive carburetor cleaner and car surface paint, etc.; clear the engine, carbon deposits.

Such as dealing with the carbon deposition, chemical treatment, at least take more than 48 hours, and the pharmaceutical harmful. CO2 dry cleaning can be completely resolved within 10 minutes coke problem, saving time and reducing costs, descaling rate of 100%.

The electronics industry. Cleaning robots, automation equipment, internal grease, dirt; circuit boards, after welding, welding flux pollution coatings, resins, solvent coating, protective layer and the printed circuit board clear photosensitive anti-corrosive, and so on.

Of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Front of missiles, aircraft painting and assembly processes; composite molds, special aircraft paint; engine carbon deposits cleaning; maintenance and cleaning (especially the landing gear – wheel warehouse district); aircraft shell paint; jet engine conversion systems. Directly in the body of work, to save time.

The shipping industry. Vessel shell; sea suction valve; water condensers and heat exchangers; room, mechanical and electrical equipment, etc., than the average high-pressure water jet cleaner.

Germany\\ s Meyer shipyard rust to overcome the application of dry ice blast pollution of the environment, lack of health. Calculated using this method of rust removal costs are not higher than the common sand-blasting method. The only luxury liner super star Weier Ge numbers on this method to clear the 100,000 m 3 bulkheads and 300,000 m 3 vessel outer wall.

The nuclear industry. The nuclear industry equipment cleaning using water, sand blasting or chemical cleaning agents the traditional cleaning method, water, sand blasting or chemical cleaning agent and medium radioactive elements but also pollution, dealing with secondary pollution of these media requires time and money. The use of dry ice cleaning process, dry ice pellets direct injection to the cleaning object instantaneous sublimation, there is no problem of secondary pollution, need to be addressed only to be cleansed of nuclear contamination, fouling and other waste.

General manufacturing. Cleaning oil, paints, inks, adhesives, coke, asphalt, surface rust sewage, industrial fans, welding slag, electroplating, painting and so on.

 Refrigeration Express – today, an internationally renowned brand of Ningbo Marine Agency, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, central air conditioning to high-quality products and good reputation to stand out in Yuyao Simen Cultural Arts Center central air conditioning, procurement, the successful bidder. Yuyao Simen Cultural Arts Center project is one of the Yuyao city government the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" key construction projects, project innovation, science and technology, fashion, participatory, entertaining one, film and television arts, performing arts, popular science show, children s entertainment, arts groups, performances, education and training, arts, fitness, cultural clubs, art salon nine theme features organic fusion.

The winning bid – Mitsubishi Heavy Industries inverter multi central air conditioning, 100% DC inverter compressor valve, while enjoying the compressor valve mesh back oil and oil technology "a number of oil return control technology patents, innovation achieve "oil and gas self-balancing. The patented electronic expansion valve control technology precise control of refrigerant flow, the original rejection of the refrigerant flow noise control system, greatly reducing the refrigerant flow-induced noise. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries inverter multi central air conditioning through the normal operating frequency adjustment patented process to ensure that the host during operation without stopping the machine to operate, more continuous, stable temperature control. This tender, the company has invested a lot of manpower, energy, through the efforts and hard work, final praise to the superb technology, reasonable prices and a good social reputation and success of the contract to stand out in a large number of central air-conditioning business competition, fully reflects the Division I with a strong competitive edge in the industry.

Knight\\ s front face design is more the color, the hippocampus Logo embedded in the grille Central, a large area at the top chrome trim front face even more luxurious, the atmosphere. Round fog lamps hanging in the front bumper on both sides of the lower part of the front and rear bumpers also use a simple black plastic to avoid small knock touch scrapes paint and thus affect the appearance of the body.

Overall, Knight compared to competitors from its own brand to look fashionable, many generous. The most impressive is the front face comes out of the the hippocampal family atmosphere, own products to enhance the image and enjoys popular support must play a role.

Compared to the soft curve of the exterior style, Knight of the interior lines become tough, and bright. Square, straight lines sketched out the entire center console styling with a titanium gray trim decoration, so I could not help think of Transformers the aggressive face. Central display / audio control unit and air conditioning control units are located in two planes, a prominent air-conditioning control unit is easier to touch some. Rectangular vertical type air conditioning vent design is very popular, also the Knights of the adoption came. Knight\\ s body size, width, and height, respectively, 4421 mm, 1830 mm and 1740 mm, 2619 mm wheelbase, space is not good, but not lost several competitive models.

Knight equipped with the 2.0L Dual VVT naturally aspirated engine in the hippocampus independent R & D, codenamed HM484Q, compact, low face than the combustion chamber, the vertical vortex inlet, low-resistance resin intake manifold design and pen ignition coil. to improve fuel efficiency. And use a silent timing chain technology. 110Kw of power and 195N? M maximum torque of the engine technology embodies. 8.8L of fuel consumption in the domestic own-brand models have an advantage.

Knight Unibody design and chassis structure is very similar to the previously described Chery Tiggo, the overall sense of well test drive of the bad roads encountered along the way is not exactly small, fast gravel or potholes, body rhythm to absorb shock. The former McPherson with stabilizer bar and rear multi-link suspension tuning tends to tough, ran over road seams or deceleration cut will feel relatively large impact, but the high-speed cornering in case of body roll of the crosswind still more obvious. Fortunately, steering precision, ride comfort, to make timely corrective action. Overall, the Cavaliers will continue driving comfort as a primary task, taking into account the high capacity of SUV models, I believe that the introduction of more recent automatic models to increase the competitiveness of the knight in independent urban SUV market.

Traditional digital voice playback system consists of two main processes:
(1) digital voice data to the transformation of the analog voice signal (using high-precision digital to analog converter DAC) implementation
(2) the use of the analog power amplifier for analog signal amplification, such as Class A, Class B and Class AB amplifiers. From the early 1980s, many researchers dedicated to the development of different types of digital amplifier, this amplifier directly from the digital voice data to achieve a power amplifier without the need for analog conversion, this amplifier is usually referred to as the digital power amplifier or a Class D amplifier.
A. Class A amplifier
The main features of the class A amplifier: The amplifier\\ s operating point Q is set near the midpoint of the load line, the transistor conduction in the entire period of the input signal. The amplifier can be a single tube, you can also push-pull work. The amplifier operates in the linear range of the characteristic curve, transient distortion and alternating less distortion. The circuit is simple and convenient debugging. But the efficiency is low, the transistor power consumption, only 25% of the theoretical maximum of efficiency and large nonlinear distortion. The design is basically due to relatively low efficiency is not re-use.
Two. Class B amplifier
Class B amplifier is characterized by: a static point of the amplifier (VCC) of, when there is no signal input, output almost no power consumption. Vi positive half cycle, Q1 turns on Q2 is off, the output is correct half cycle sine wave; Similarly, when Vi is the negative half-wave sine wave (as shown in dotted lines), it is necessary to use two push-pull work. Which is characterized by high efficiency (78%), but because of the amplifier there is a nonlinear region, so the disadvantage is that the \"crossover distortion\". That is, when the signal is between-0.6V ~ 0.6V
Q1 Q2 conduction caused. These amplifiers also gradually be abandoned by the designer.
3. Class AB amplifiers
The main features of the class AB amplifier is: transistor turn-on time slightly larger than the half-cycle, with two push-pull. Avoided to pay more distortion. Alternating distortion can be offset by the even harmonic distortion. Efficient, smaller transistor power characteristics.
4. Class D amplifier
Class D (digital audio power) amplifier is a pulse signal, an input analog audio signal or PCM digital information converted into a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) or PDM (pulse density modulation) PWM or PDM pulse signal to control power switching device on / off audio power amplifier, also known as switching amplifiers. With the outstanding advantages of high efficiency. Digital audio power amplifier also look into a one-bit power of digital to analog converter circuit, high power switching circuit (half bridge and full bridge) and low-pass filter amplifier is formed by the input signal processing circuit, the switching signal ( LC) and other four components. Class D amplification or digital amplifier. Department of the change-over switch circuit to amplify the audio signal using a high frequency.
A. With high efficiency, and can often reach more than 85%.
Two. Small size, and save a lot of space than analog amplifier.
3. Crack noise is switched on
4. Low distortion, good frequency response curve. External components to facilitate design and debugging.
Class A, Class B and Class AB amplifier is an analog amplifier, Class D amplifier is a digital amplifier. Class B and Class AB push-pull amplifier is higher than the Class A amplifier efficiency, less distortion, power amplifier transistors less power consumption, good heat dissipation, but the Class B amplifier transistor is turned on and cut-off state of the conversion process because of their poor switching characteristics or due to the inappropriate choice of circuit parameters to produce the alternating distortion. Class D amplifiers with the efficiency level of distortion, frequency response curve. Less advantages of external components. The class AB amplifier and Class-D amplifier is in the form of audio power amplifier circuit.
5 Class T amplifier
The same class T power amplifier output circuit and PWM Class D power amplifiers, power transistors work in switching state, the efficiency of Class D power amplifier quite. Ordinary Class D power amplifier: one, it is not using pulse width modulation method, the Tripath invented a technology called digital power amplifier processor \"Digital Power Processing (DPP), digital power technology, it The core of the T-class power amplifier. Communication technologies to deal with small signal adaptation algorithm and the prediction algorithm used here. Input audio signal into the speaker\\ s current digital processing after DPP used to control the power transistor turn-off. So that the sound quality of high-fidelity linear amplification. 2, its power transistor switching frequency is not fixed, the unwanted components of the power spectrum is not concentrated on both sides of the narrow-band carrier frequency, but spread over a wide frequency band. So that the voice of the details are clear on the whole frequency band can \"smell\". In addition, the wider the dynamic range of the T-class power amplifier, frequency response flat. The emergence of DDP, the power amplifier of the digital age to a new height. In high-fidelity, linearity and traditional Class AB amplifier less striking.

Choosing a power amplifier, first of all to pay attention to some of its technical indicators: 1, input impedance: usually the size of the anti-jamming capability of the power amplifier, in general 5000-15000Ω, the greater the value the stronger the anti-jamming capability; Distortion: refers to the output signal compared with the input signal distortion, the smaller the value the better the quality is generally below 0.05%; 3, the signal to noise ratio: refers to the ratio between the output signal of which the music signal and noise signal, numerical The greater the representative of the sound is more clean.
In addition, the optional power amplifier is also clear their willingness to buy, if you want to install the subwoofer, it is best to buy a 5 channel amplifier, usually 2 channel and 4 channel speaker can only promote the front and rear speakers, while the The subwoofer can only reprovision amplifier, 5 channel amplifier can solve this problem, the power amplifier output power is also greater than the rated power of the speaker as much as possible.

The high frequency power amplifier for the final stage of the launch stage, the role of high-frequency modulated wave signal to the power amplifier to meet the requirements of the transmit power, and then through the antenna radiation to space, to ensure the reception class in a certain area received a satisfactory signal level, and does not interfere with adjacent channels of communication. The high-frequency power amplifier is an important component of the transmitting device in the communication system. According to their band width is divided into two kinds of narrow-band high-frequency power amplifiers and broadband high-frequency power amplifier, narrow-band high-frequency power amplifier typically has a frequency-selective filtering effect of frequency selective circuit as the output circuit, it is also called a tuned power amplifier or resonant power amplifier; broadband high-frequency power amplifier output circuit transmission line transformers or other broadband matching circuit, also known as non-tuned power amplifier. The high frequency power amplifier is an energy conversion device, it will power supply of DC energy is converted into high frequency AC output. Known in the course of the low-frequency electronic circuits, the amplifier in accordance with the different current conduction angle will be divided into A, B, and C status. Group A amplifier current flow angle is 360o, apply to small-signal low-power amplifier. B amplifier current flow angle is approximately equal to 180o; Class C amplifier current flow angle is less than 180o. B and C classes are suitable for high-power work. The output power and efficiency of the Class C state is the highest of the three modes of operation. The high frequency power amplifier most of the work in the CPI (C). Class C amplifier current waveform distortion is too large, and thus can not be used for low-frequency power amplifier and tuner circuit can only be used as the load resonant power amplifier. Filtering capacity due to the tuning circuit, the loop current and voltage remains very close to sinusoidal waveform distortion is very small. In addition to the working status of classification by more than several current flow angle, but also make electronic devices work in the switching state of class D amplification and E amplification. D amplifier efficiency is also higher than the Class C amplifier, theoretically up to 100%, but its maximum operating frequency of device power consumption (Power Dissipation or anode dissipation power) generated by switching converters moment restrictions . If the circuit to be improved, to enable electronic devices to minimize the power off conversion moment, the operating frequency can be improved. This is Group E amplifier. We already know that in order to obtain a large enough low-frequency output power in the low frequency amplifying circuit must be low-frequency power amplifier and low-frequency power amplifier is a DC power supply of energy conversion energy converter for AC output. The common characteristics of high frequency power amplifier and low frequency power amplifier output power and high efficiency, but both frequency and relative bandwidth is a big difference, the decision is essentially the difference between them. Low-frequency power amplifiers, low frequency, but the relative bandwidth is very wide. For example, since 20 to 20000 Hz, low frequency up to 1000 times. Therefore, they are no tuning load, such as resistors, transformers, etc.. The operating frequency of the high-frequency power amplifier (from a few hundred kHz to the hundreds, thousands or even tens of MHz), but the relative frequency band is very narrow. For example, the bandwidth of the AM radio station (535-1605 kHz frequency range) is 10 kHz to 1000 kHz, such as center frequency, relative bandwidth is only equivalent to one percent of the center frequency. The center frequency is higher, the relative bandwidth of the smaller. Therefore, the high frequency power amplifier is generally frequency selective network as a load circuit. Because of this feature, the status of work selected by the two amplifiers are different: the low-frequency power amplifier in the CPI (A), Class A and B or B (limited to the state of the push-pull circuit); high-frequency power amplifiers generally work in C class (some special cases in Group B). In recent years, the intermediate level of the wideband transmitter widely used in a new type of broadband high-frequency power amplifier, it is not frequency selective network as a load circuit, but a wide frequency response of the transmission line load. In so doing, it can transform in a very wide range of operating frequency, without having to retune. Visible sum up, the common point of the high-frequency power amplifier and low-frequency power amplifier requires a large output power, high efficiency; their different point is both frequency and relative bandwidth, and thus the load network and work The state is also different.
The main technical indicators of the high-frequency power amplifier: output power, efficiency, power gain, bandwidth, and harmonic rejection (or signal distortion). These indicators requirements are mutually contradictory, according to the specific requirements in the design of the amplifier should be to highlight some of the indicators, taking into account some other indicators. Such as practical in some circuits, to prevent interference is the main contradiction, and harmonic suppression requires high bandwidth requirements can be appropriately reduced. Power amplifier efficiency is a prominent problem, its level of efficiency of the amplifier working status has a direct relationship. The working status of the amplifier can be divided into the CPI (A), CPI (B) and CPI (C). In order to improve the work efficiency of the amplifier, it usually works in the B, Class C, the transistor work extended to the nonlinear region. These state of the amplifier output current and output voltage between the serious nonlinear distortion. Low-frequency power amplifiers because of the frequency of the signal coverage coefficient of the resonant circuit can not be used for load, so the general work in the Group A state; using push-pull circuit can work in the CPI (B). High frequency power amplifier because of the frequency of the signal coverage coefficient is small, the resonant circuit can be used for load, it is usually work in the CPI (C), the selected frequency of the resonant circuit to filter out the harmonic components in the amplifier in the collector current, elected fundamental component to the basic eliminate the nonlinear distortion. Therefore, the high frequency power amplifier has higher efficiency than the low-frequency power amplifier. High-frequency power amplifier to work in large-signal nonlinear state, not with a linear equivalent circuit analysis, the project commonly used analytical approximate analytical method – the dogleg method to analyze the working principle and state. Clear physical concept of this analysis method, and analysis to facilitate the work of state, but the calculation accuracy is low. Discussed above, various types of high frequency power amplifier, narrow-band high frequency power amplifier: used to provide strong enough in order to set the frequency as the center of narrow-band signal power, or to enlarge the narrow-band modulated signal, or to achieve a multiplier function, usually work in B Class C state. Broadband high-frequency power amplifier: for some of the carrier signal frequency range short-wave and ultrashort wave radio station in the middle of the amplifier stage at all levels in order to avoid tedious tuning for different fc. Usually work in the CPI.

Lightning protection
Watch lightning protection measures:
①: lightning rod lightning rod used to protect industrial and civilian high-rise buildings and power plants, the outside of the transformer by the power distribution unit, the individual sections of the transmission line, in the process of lightning pilot circuit extends to the ground, due to the impact of the lightning rod distortion circuit will gradually shift and hit the lightning rod, in order to avoid the lightning first oriented protective equipment, destroying the possibility of protective equipment and construction. Thus, the lightning rod is actually quoted Ray needle, it will be lightning lead to protect equipment from lightning.
② Ground Wire: Lightning Line, also known as overhead ground wire, which is along the road mounted on the tower top, and has a well-grounded metal wire, lightning conductor transmission lines lightning protection measures.
③ with lightning protection, lightning protection network: roof, Yan Jiao, and eave vulnerable to lightning parts of the laying of metal mesh is mainly used to protect the civil construction of tall building along the corner.
Surge Protection
The surge also called surge, by definition is beyond the normal operating voltage of the transient overvoltage. In essence, the surge occurred in just a few millionths of a second intense pulse. May be caused by a surge of reasons: heavy equipment, short circuit, power switch, or large engines. Which contain the product of the surge block the device can effectively absorb the huge burst of energy, and to protect connected equipment from damage.
Surge protectors, also known as the signal of the lightning protection of electronic devices for a variety of electronic equipment, instrumentation, communication line security. When suddenly generated peak current or voltage because of outside interference in the electrical circuit or communication lines, the surge protector conduction within a very short time streaming in order to avoid surge damage to other equipment in the loop.

The power tube is the most vulnerable to damage the power amplifier circuit devices, most of the reason for the damage to the actual power dissipation of the tube exceeds the nominal value. In addition, if the power amplifier and speaker mismatch or speaker to use medium-and long-term overload, is also vulnerable to damage the speaker (or speakers), audio equipment, the purpose of protection is the protection of expensive power amplifier and speakers, so the power supply, amplifier, The speaker overload and short circuit protection is absolutely necessary.
1). Power Protection:
Figure 2 is a discrete component regulator circuit, the circuit Ri is the current sampling resistor overload, when its voltage greater than 0.7V, V13 conduction, the collector potential was decreased, regulator V11 disconnect, limit the power output current.
Figure 3 is an adjustable output voltage module, power consumption up to 70W, current up to 10A, voltage regulation rate of 20.8%, the output voltage of 1.25 ~~ 15V and short circuit protection.
When switching power supply (such as the chip CWl225), specialized protection and control end of the first ⑩ feet, as long as the input current or over-voltage signal, can achieve the purpose of protection.
2). Amplifier stage transistor protection:
Power amplifier transistor in addition to ambient temperature and the appropriate choice of the radiator should be noted that in use, taking into account the current and over voltage protection, the application of IC to set up limited-current protection and thermal shutdown protection function (such as HAl350, HA2211 LM2879, etc.), homemade amplifier should be noted that the over-voltage protection, as shown in Figure 4. Rely on R (power resistance) and Vl, V2 breakdown, so that over-voltage can not be elevated to protect the Vl and V2.
3). Speaker speaker system protection:
Sound system of protection has two meanings: one is the audio speaker overload; another audio power is too large, but the DC offset, and led to the the capless isolation of OCL or BTL circuit speaker burned. Overload, the amplifier circuit protection without additional consideration here only on the DC offset component systems protection circuit.
Figure 5 shows the protection circuit for the music center. It can be seen from the figure, when the left and right channels into the speaker\\ s voice signal, through R1, R2 is capacitor C2, C3 bypass without DC offset, the bridge rectifier DC output, the V11 deadline, V12, V13 turns on, relay K pull the left and right audio signal output through fuse F; the presence of DC offset, the bridge rectifier output V11 conduction, V12, V13, cut-off relay K to release the cut off of the audio signal, protect speakers .
Circuit C2, C3 is the filter capacitor C4, switch machine delay connected to the speaker to avoid the impact of noise in the boot, the V has a short-circuit K, power failure back-EMF effects, protection of the V12, V13 transistor.

The power amplifier referred to the amplifier, it can be said that a family in various types of audio equipment. As many as its brand, model, really too numerous to mention. Are referred to as the amplifier, but its main purpose, the amplifier can be divided to two main categories, which is dedicated amplifier and civil amplifier. Amplifier used in the Stadium field, shadow theater, dance halls, conference rooms, public places, sound reinforcement, and recording monitor, such as premises, the general said in its technical parameters, there is often some unique requirements, this type of amplifier is usually called a special amplifier or a professional power amplifier.
Used for home Hi-Fi music, AV playback and karaoke entertainment amplifier, usually known as the civil power amplifier or home amplifier.
Dedicated amplifier and civil amplifier differences in some parameters, but it\\ s hard to say there is an entirely different boundaries, such as amplifier for music recording monitor is likely is available for home Hi-Fi and even Hi-end amplifier .

Hi-Fi amplifiers and AV receivers are two main categories in the current home amplifier. These two types of amplifier used for different purposes, the design focus is not the same. Hi-Fi amplifier for listening to music users in pursuit of as much as possible \"genuine,\" the pursuit of the user of the AV amplifier is compatible with the picture of \"live\" effect, and even exaggerated the \"on-site \"effect. These two types of amplifier is not a good direct comparison is better, such as the price for the same $ 3,000 Hi-Fi amplifier, AV receiver, Hi-Fi amplifier, the cost of inputs only in the two channels, while the AV receiver\\ s cost The investment will have to take into account the 5-6 channels, but also has the effect of processing functions. If you only look at two of its main channel input, and certainly lower than the two-channel Hi-Fi amplifier input. Playback effect differences are obvious. But whether it is the Hi-Fi amplifier or AV receiver, there are high-end boutique and Value universal points, such as the Denon AVC-A1 AV amplifier, when used for music playback, the sound no more than one Hi-Fi amplifier, four or five thousand dollars less.
In general, it is difficult to have a full Hi-Fi, AV-compatible AV amplifier, AV amplifier taking into account the Hi-Fi music appreciation is conditional, this condition is that users enjoy the music of the requirements and standards, if The user is only used to enjoy some leisure music, or does it only requires the ability to listen to the melody of music, AV amplifier is relatively easy to meet, but if the music have high requirements for the AV amplifier difficult to meet.

For Hi-Fi to appreciate the power amplifier can be divided into transistor amp and tube amp two categories, as well as with the IC or module circuit Hi-Fi amplifier, but is now rare. Does not exist in the merits of the difference in audio technology, super forum transistor amplifier and tube amp, but the application of different devices (one transistor, one tube), two types of devices, their physical rationale and circuit characteristics are not the same .
The tube current is affected by the electrostatic force to attract electrons in a vacuum, the movement formed. Current of the transistor is the outer electrons of the semiconductor element to transfer the location of the role of the electric force formed. This physics-based management different, resulting in the practical application of the circuit characteristics are also different. Relatively speaking, the higher operating voltage tube amp, but the operating current is relatively small, low working voltage of the transistor amplifier, operating current is relatively large. Tube amp and transistor amplifier sound do have some differences, both the transient signal response is not the same. This difference are respectively adapted to different types of music and different music, so the Hi-Fi amplifier coexistence of transistor amplifiers and tube amplifiers. However, if the terms of the brand, model, quantity, the share of transistor amplifier is still absolutely larger than the tube amp.

The working status of the transistor amplifier output stage transistors, can be divided to the CPI and CPI (B). So-called CPI (A), it simply is to make the output stage transistors to operate in the linear region in the positive and negative half cycle of the sinusoidal AC signal, B is only to make the positive half cycle of a sinusoidal AC signal of the output stage transistors (or negative half cycle ) working in the linear region. The working status of the output stage transistors, power utilization efficiency of the output stage (ie, output amplifier and power consumption ratio) are also different. Practical output circuit, the efficiency of the B\\ s more efficient than the CPI is 2-3 times higher. Such as the Marantz PM80 transistor amplifier, power supply under the conditions determined in B when the output power of 100W, while in the CPI is only 20W.
CPI amplifier crossover distortion does not exist, regardless of the actual output power, the internal resistance of the output stage of crystal are constant. B amplifier will always be a certain amount of crossover distortion (although this distortion may be minimal), in addition, high output when the internal resistance of the output stage transistors, but the internal resistance of the output stage transistor is larger in a small output . These different, resulting in the sense of hearing also have different CPI amplifier sounds relatively softer B amplifier in terms of, the other on the sound? Huang low-frequency control than B amplifier, especially in 鰏 in the song\\ s melody, AV amplifier is relatively easy to meet, but if the music have high requirements for the AV amplifier difficult to meet.
CPI amplifier crossover distortion does not exist, regardless of the actual output power, the internal resistance of the output stage of crystal are constant. B amplifier will always be a certain amount of crossover distortion (although this distortion may be minimal), in addition, high output when the internal resistance of the output stage transistors, but the internal resistance of the output stage transistor is larger in a small output . These different, resulting in the sense of hearing also have different CPI amplifier sounds relatively softer B amplifier in terms of other low-frequency control on the speaker than the B amplifier, in particular, is better in the texture of the bass in a small volume. These characteristics, the power amplifier CPI CPI amplifier in practical applications do not need big output power margin, a 20W-30W CPI amplifier has been able to most of the speakers to promote very good.
Mentioned earlier, the CPI amplifier power efficiency is low, this causes the CPI to be distributed amplifier work a lot of heat. To make the transistor operating temperature does not exceed a certain limit, the larger volume and area of ??the radiator, which makes the CPI amplifier volume, weight relatively large. Such as KRELL the KSD-50S CPI amplifier, output 50W +50 W, the weight but nearly 30Kg, Marantz PM-80 in the work state output 20W +20 W, weight 13Kg.

amplifier to enlarge the small signal of the preamplifier (preamp) and power amplifier (class) to do in a chassis, this amplifier is often referred to as \"integrated amplifier\". Integrated amp easy to use, but also There are better cost performance. However, this integrated amp with it some inherent drawbacks, the worst to overcome the former level after level of mutual interference problem. To solve this problem, then put before the class and after class to do the two chassis, so there is a PA power amplifier. Most of the PA power amplifier are two-channel structure, but this structure makes the two channels interfere with each other without great resolve, in order to solve the interference between two channels in turn to two channels separate mono PA power amplifier.
The power amplifier so that a piece of land separated from the main significance is to improve the quality of the amplifier, rather than the pursuit of this form. If only in form, separated from each other, although we can solve the problem of mutual interference, but other parameters did not significantly improved, then this separate amplifier to improve the overall quality is still limited.
Power amplifier transistor and tube preamp also transistors and tubes. For audio enthusiasts and music lovers, selected before class and after class on a variety of combinations, different combinations have different sound characteristics, which makes the user to the addition of some choice space.
The first class with the PA power amplifier is connected with the merits of the entire sound system. First, it must have certain qualities, otherwise, the advantages of pure stage or mono play out, and may even be a low-quality first class \"wrong\" stand out, the overall sound is even worse. Have different preamp level with its sound characteristics, the user can choose different combinations based on individual preference.
For example, many audio and music enthusiasts like to use the \"guts, stone\" (ie, tube preamp, the combination of the transistor stage), feel that this combination not only played a transistor-level power output is large, transient response, good characteristics, but also a taste of the tube preamp sound sweet, mellow flavor. \"However, this match is not a\" golden rule \", because the former level after level has its own characteristics, because of the people on the sound preference vary, the user can find out in accordance with the specific situation of their favorite combinations.

The concept of energy saving and environmental protection has become the core vocabulary of the Chinese 12th Five-Year Plan, the prospects for the development of wood-plastic industry more worthy of attention.
        Wood-plastic large market potential
It is understood that the wood-plastic composite material is woody grasses, and lianas plant for renewable biomass resources and their processing residues, mainly raw materials, compounding a certain percentage of the plastic base material, physical, chemical and biological engineering high-tech means of processing and forming a reversible cycle the use of new multi-purpose material. According to the wood-plastic specifically Authority Jia Liu said: \"wood-plastic material has the environmental effects and economic advantages. The first is the protection of forest resources. At present, China timber demand is about 100 million cubic meters, the actual supply only 60 million cubic meters, and the gap of up to 40 million cubic meters for every one ton of wood-plastic materials, can be reduced to one acres of land, deforestation, followed by waste utilization alone each year can be consume one million tons of waste plastics, waste plant waste more than 1.5 million tons.
Experts said the wood-plastic market in recent years the average annual growth rate of over 13% in the U.S., only the plastic sheet market in annual sales exceeded one billion U.S. dollars in. Up to the end of September 2010, the mainstream business of the country gathered in the wood-plastic industry chain of more than 350. China has become the most optimistic region Following the North American wood-plastic industry development trend and market capacity. According to Liu Jia, 2005, wood industry entered a period of rapid development in China. In recent years, the average growth rate of the number of firms and production of wood-plastic industry in China more than 20 percent of total output is expected to reach 50 million tons in 2010, have long ranked as the world\\ s top-ranked U.S. to keep pace.
The development of broad prospects
Wood-plastic composite materials not only help alleviate the current shortage of resources and recycling, more importantly, opened up another model for the development of new materials industry. \"Jia Liu explained to reporters, the use of low-cost or waste resources industrial development and promotion of the advantages of wood-plastic composite materials. WPC wide range of applications, have a wide range of applications in packaging, warehousing industry, urban construction, gardening, home decor, furniture and architectural templates.
Another reporter has learned many of the problems in Chinese WPC industry need to be resolved. First Chinese WPC industry can not be formed a certain scale industrial clusters and groups pulling effect; domestic production line configuration is not ideal, especially shortage of sets of products; the majority of wood-plastic product quality is not high, and a single species, many products can still be considered clumsy, simple and low-end materials, lack of market competitiveness; four is a lot of R & D institutions, secondary manufacturers lack of coordination with the enterprise, can not provide mutual support. Therefore, the wood plastic composite  materials project has been included in the \\ budget resources and environmental protection funds\\ funded projects, and in the near future into the national strategic emerging industry ranks the same time, the wood-plastic composites is also written \"12 five resources Comprehensive Utilization Plan (Draft) and the China Resources Comprehensive Utilization Policy Commitments to become one of the national focus on the development of comprehensive utilization of industrial. \"
The 11th China Plastics Exhibition & Conference since its inception, has been committed to its mission to promote the development of the plastics industry, and first-hand information on the plastics industry in a timely manner to convey to the participants, it is learned that the 11th China Plastics Exhibition & Conference will be 9 22 to 24 days during the exhibition, together with China Plastics Processing Industry Association, China Plastic Machine Industry Association, inviting domestic and international plastic industry experts, combined with the national policy of the latest plastics industry and plastic industry trends, to hold a series of forums and seminars for the general parameters will solve the problems encountered in the actual production.

Fuel-efficient techniques and methods we have introduced a lot of fuel-efficient or not is largely related with the owners of the car habits and driving skills, so usually pay more attention to details on the car habit is the most practical fuel-efficient.

    , Do not idle warm car, really fuel your morning out, used to start the engine and let the car warm for a few minutes, never stop doing so, so stop idling to warm the car quite fuel, but also make The engine Yaoshou short-lived. If one day warm the car is idling five minutes a year to one hour and 38 minutes, then have to spend a lot of oil. Temperature idling car, over time, the cylinder wall of the engine room will have drops of water, the lubricating effect of attenuation of the water makes the oil, the engine will be easily damaged. Car now no longer use carburetors do not have to like before cold to pull the choke to warm the car, the correct way while driving, while warm car, as long as the speed is not too fast, open one or two kilometers, the engine can reach the operating temperature

    Unnecessary electrical appliances do not use, vehicle electrification with actually very power, power from the generator, all appliances, including air-conditioning, lights, alarm, tachometer, defogger, etc. will allow the generator load increases, the generator generating capacity to increase the skin of the rely on engine driven power generation, of course, make the engine s fuel consumption increases. If you want fuel economy, do not use in the car with too many power-hungry, especially rain, driving sound, open lights, coupled with wiper activation, such absolute power, and fuel consumption.

    3, do not heap debris, ri buttoned fuel, although it is commonplace, but many people inside the car always put a bunch of unnecessary debris, according to the service workshops in the past case, many people are unclear car of unnecessary items, some of the weight of four or five pounds, equal to overload a person in the car, of course, fuel. Unnecessary equipment, may be considered removed from the vehicle, such as security concerns, you can use the tire repair agent to replace the spare tire, spare tire weight of 89 kilograms of less. Another example is when the baby is not a ride, the child safety seat can win cars, although some work, but can save a little oil, add up.

    , Not big foot, sequential accelerated start the most fuel-efficient fuel economy and intense car, the pursuit of a sense of speed is sometimes contradictory to the fuel economy would have to avoid the initial heavy throttle, heavy throttle start than normal speed, fuel consumption will be increased 2-3 times. In fact, the heavy step on the gas and gradually accelerated to reach 60 km per hour, two open method in the time trail by less than 10 seconds to 20 seconds, to be fuel efficient, do not grab more than 10 seconds pleasure.

    5, to maintain distance between vehicles without frequency brakes, oil more savings if you do not keep the car away from you on the road, it is easy to brakes will decline, since the row of car stalls when you step on the brake, the car would have pulled from the low gear, standing start or low speed file start the engine have to eat a higher amount of oil. Next, the driving is very important, we all know that between two points, the shortest distance of a straight line, if you often change lanes, driving long distance, it will also consume a little bit of oil, and often changing lanes in order to overtake too heavy throttle, fuel consumption will naturally increase.

    6, do not make modifications to the Province, not oil, more than spend money on some modified shop owner recommends that the owners removed the car s catalytic converter put on the so-called generation of catalyst, a car tuner, technician, in fact, remove the catalytic converter, but will result in the exhaust pipe back pressure is too large to consume the power of the engine, you want fuel-efficient but not worth the candle.

    Mo letter "super tonic" effect is limited nowadays a variety of converted stores will sell some of the claims to be able to increase horsepower and improve fuel economy additives, some of the items, the effect is limited, spend more money to buy supplements, but not necessarily save a lot of oil money. If you accidentally used some of the counterfeit goods or poor quality additives, the car is more injury.

    8, Do not change the flat tire, run stable, but also eat some oil in order to pursue the operation driving pleasure, for the flat than too high performance tire is the tread width of a tire, the tire caught to performance, but the tread area with the ground, friction, the engine would have to increase the power, oil will eat more, especially when standing start, the fuel is particularly evident. 3 YES / help you Zhanxiaopianyi the

    , Find a shady parking place, the old car under the hot sun for too long if you can, then, the car to avoid exposure in the hot sun, parked in the underground car park or shade. For some older vehicles, the line may be leaking, the hot sun under the fuel tank of oil easy to evaporate, into hydrocarbons, will cover escape from some of the old pipe or enough to seal oil. In addition, sun exposure, increased the temperature inside the vehicle, start the engine, open the air-conditioning, let the inside temperature down, air-conditioning operation time is relatively long, of course, consume little more gasoline. Of course, if the the facelift insulation better insulation paper, also allows the car cold room effect can be maintained, so the air-conditioning compressor run time is relatively small, the engine also less fuel consumption.

    2, regular maintenance, can not be ignored We all know that car every run of 5,000 or a million, it is necessary to regularly back to the maintenance of plant doing maintenance, but if your car a long time traveling in the congested sections of maintenance cycles have shortened. Oil, gas, water, electricity, added to allow the car to maintain the best condition, it would be more fuel-efficient, especially the tire pressure must be enough, insufficient fuel, tire pressure is too large, tire easily beating, equally bad, for playing nitrogen is probably a good way to tire pressure stable.

    3, clear coke, urban car owners is obliged to do another, often traveling in a traffic jam section of the engine at low speed, poor combustion efficiency, engine room and fuel injectors will have more coke, so that engine efficiency is low , some fuel. You can check the spark plug for carbon deposition, or the residue from the exhaust pipe to discrimination. In general, for every 10,000 or 15,000 km should send the car back to the factory clear coke, but if you often go out into the highway, clear carbon deposits do not have such a ground, according to the rider experience, the speed of one hundred or so speed. to run two or three hours, the engine of carbon deposits will be able to take this rather clear clean.

According to statistics by the end of 2009, the Chinese motorcycle thousand share of 71 Chinese motorcycle ownership in the world to do the first, nearly one-third of the global motorcycle

ownership. Motorcycle prices are relatively cheap, most people can accept, right under everyone\\ s welcome. However, due to its cheap price, the purchase of convenience and other reasons,

resulting in a motorcycle stolen rate relative to the market motorcycle alarm horn alarm and automatically turn off. However, why install these anti-theft devices, but they could not control

the high incidence of motorcycle theft? The reasons are the following main points:
1, when the people leave the car, the usual alarm can not be conveyed to the owner.
Social human indifference and everyone would like to play it safe the spread of ideas, even if the alarm sound, not too many people to pay attention to.
3, due to relatively light motorcycle, even if the flame is completely moved out of.
4, after they were stolen, you can not know exactly what vehicle location.
Because of these reasons, a direct result of the high rate of stolen and the low detection rate of the motorcycle. , Guangzhou City diagram Kat Information Technology Co., Ltd., for

motorcycle owners carefully developed with 3G capabilities, GPS anti-theft monitoring and management system, 24-hour global GPS satellite monitoring positioning, always know the specific

location information and status of the car.

WASHINGTON, December 27 the United States Princeton University researchers has made a new device out of the energy efficiency of the laser beam, the results will contribute to the development of laser and other aspects of environmental detection and medical diagnostics new purpose.

    According to U.S. media reported on the 27th, the researchers used a technique called "quantum cascade laser device, the device by allowing an electric current through a particular substance to manufacture a laser beam.

    The researchers said that the use of traditional laser manufacturing laser beam, the electronics will often launch out of the photon re-absorption back, which reduces the energy efficiency of the laser beam. The use of quantum cascade laser, the manufacture of laser beam, the absorption rate of 90%, which is likely to make the work of the laser under weak current conditions, and less susceptible to temperature changes, the emission of the laser beam energy efficiency therefore significantly increased.

    Responsible for the study Claire · Guemas, Hull said, the use of such equipment is not only to create a main laser beam, but also to create a vice laser beam. Compared to conventional laser beam fired Deputy laser beam requires less electrical energy.

    Guemas Hull said their studies have shown that the quantum cascade laser is superior to ordinary laser, it can be widely used for infrared communication, remote detection, medical diagnosis of air pollution monitoring, industrial smoke and no damage.

 The bearing industry is one of the traditional industries of Luoyang City. In order to give full play to the comparative advantage of the bearing industry, promote their accelerated development, on the 6th, Luoyang municipal government issued eight support policies and a comprehensive upgrade of the Luoyang Bearing Industry "Come help".

    – To increase project support. Since June 1, 2007, who entered the high-tech development zone, the new bearings and parts of the Technology Park of Luolong, Iloilo Industrial Park, the Jianxi Technology Park, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Old Town Industrial Park and other parks, special equipment production projects, where investment in fixed assets in more than five million yuan, a year or two completed projects, the financial sector in accordance with the actual completion of the equipment investment of 3% to 7% one-time support; who meet the Luoyang Municipal People s Government on Further Strengthening key projects and high-tech projects of the conditions of the adjustment of industrial structure of high-tech industries and guide the fund management may be given a certain amount of interest subsidies.

    – Encourage enterprises to become bigger and stronger. Year sales revenue for the first time more than 100 million yuan, 500 million yuan, 10 billion yuan, 20 billion and storage tax more than last year s bearing and supporting enterprises, the municipal government were granted to the responsible persons, "the development of bearing industry in Luoyang City talents "Honor. The establishment of "bearing the SME Development Award, to be rewarded according to the annual sales income of small and medium-sized bearings and supporting business.

    – Vigorously promoting scientific and technological progress. Was awarded the invention patent certificate and the implementation of the industrialization of the patented invention, in Luoyang, the financial sector given to patent the inventor 10 million in cash one-time funding. The newly identified national, provincial, municipal enterprise R & D centers and key laboratories, the financial sector according to the level of one-time, 50 million 30 million 10 million to finance.

    – To develop the bearing industrial park and industrial agglomerations. Encourage enterprises to gather to Bearing Industrial Park development, increased industrial concentration. Bearing Industrial Park, or gathering area, when the sales revenue for the first time more than 100 million yuan and storage revenue of over 10 million yuan, the financial sector is a one-time 100,000 yuan reward given to the organizers or social contractors; sales revenue of over 1 billion for the first time this year Yuan and storage revenue of over 100 million yuan, the financial sector is a one-time $ 1 million award given to organizers or contractors.

    – To encourage state-owned enterprises, research institutes, universities, the creation of new enterprises. Luoyang City, state-owned enterprises, research institutes engaged in research, management, marketing and other business backbone and universities and senior professional titles founder of bearings and accessories, equipment and other manufacturing enterprises, from the enterprise, founded that year, leased the plant of the standardization of industrial parks and enter into repurchase agreements , the financial sector for three consecutive years, subsidies for all rentals.

    – To cultivate brand-name products. The title of the new awarded China Famous Brand, China Top Brand companies, the financial sector, a one-time 500,000 yuan reward to give businesses; enterprises that won the title of famous brand of Henan Province, the financial sector is a one-time give companies 100,000 yuan reward.

    – To encourage the expansion of exports. The export index included in Luoyang Bearing and accessories manufacturers, when exports more than $ 500,000 for the first time, the financial sector to give 50,000 yuan reward; the previous year, exports have reached more than $ 500,000 bearing and accessories manufacturers, then exports the previous year added $ 500,000, the financial sector to give 50,000 yuan reward.

    – To encourage enterprises to joint investment business investment and county (city) area. Host companies to the introduction of supporting enterprises in the field Luo Jianli production base, the city government in accordance with the City investment incentives given to the host business incentives.

    It is understood that to effectively Luoyang City, bearing industry, to create advantageous industries to promote economic development, the city to further clarify the future development goals: By 2010, the city bearing production capacity will reach 150 million units, sales revenue reached 70 billion yuan , bearing processing equipment, leading products in the domestic leading position. Strive to 2015, the city bearing industry sales revenue reached 12 billion yuan.

The grinding process of the crystal film, a piece of cut crystal piece to stop reprocessing of a process, guarantee the quality of the crystal piece preparation. This process is in the process of processing crystal film, for different crystal, sometimes rough grinding and fine grinding two processes. Why do this? This is because the grinding crystal films, the choice of the rotation, pressure, and abrasive particles the size of the grinding machine, the grinding effect has a direct relationship.

   The size of the abrasive particles and the speed of the grinding plate (pressure on certain conditions) is proportional to, and is inversely proportional to the grinding quality. This means that the abrasive particle size large, fast grinding speed crystal film is to layer high. Crystal film appearance but because of the degree of abrasive particles, it will form a mechanical damage layer of the same particle size crystal piece the appearance of rough quality landing. Instead, we choose the small particles of abrasive crystal piece appearance quality improvement in the particle size small. Grinding of the crystal film will be landing to the layer is low.

   To get the good quality of the crystal film, but also progressive consumption efficiency, it is necessary to select the proper abrasive, reasonable grinding. In this way, the concept of rough grinding and fine grinding of the two processes. Coarse grinding process, reasonable, and the larger particles of abrasive, progress on the crystal film grinding speed increase to the layer rate is the main purpose. Select the smaller particles of abrasive grinding process, it is reasonable, progressive improvement in the appearance of the crystal piece, in preparation for the polishing process, is the main purpose of this process. Coarse grinding and fine grinding to be isolated on the two devices operation is complete to prevent abrasive cross-infection, which is strictly enforced.

According to the long-term cooperation agreement signed by the folk in mid-July day in 2003, Japan plans to exports to China in five years one million cubic meters of the Cryptomeria and cypress logs, plans to export 40,000 to 50,000 cubic meters in 2003 to reach 100,000 cubic meters in 2004 , but in fact the annual export volume is only a few thousand cubic meters. Miyazaki Prefecture in 2002 developed a plan of one million cubic meters annually to Chinese exports Cryptomeria logs, however, two years exported only 15,000 cubic meters of logs. Falls far short of the target of Japanese timber to China s actual export volume and tone, and part of the export try to export to the government subsidies for profit, not a real sense of the commercial trade. Japan is rich in forest resources, China has a huge market, and why the Japanese timber can not enter the Chinese market on a large scale? Which is also the day of mutual interest.

Timber exports feasibility survey on timber exports, China is facing several problems: First, the lack of export each other s country timber market information; export formalities and business practices (settlement method); Japan timber awareness; four primary products to withstand the brutal local cost competitiveness; five funds recycling and other issues.

However, I believe that the Japanese wood has not been able poured into the Chinese market, the key is the price. According to the survey of the Chinese market, China s imports of logs in 2005 28 million cubic meters, Russia materials accounted for 60%, less than 0.1% while imports from Japan logs. Russian material circulation in China s domestic price of 11,000 yen per cubic meter, Japanese cryptomeria wood CIF is about 19,000 yen per cubic meter (including fumigation, etc.), the difference of up to 8000 yen per cubic meter. 26 to 28 cm diameter and 4 m long Russian logs for 600 yuan per cubic meter, or about ￥ 8,400; the same specifications as logs, New Zealand timber about 7300 yen; Miyazaki, Japan, Cryptomeria logs shipped to The price per cubic meter up to 20,000 yen, equivalent to 2.4 times of the Russian material, 2.7 times the New Zealand material. Price disadvantage the Japanese wood difficult to occupy the Chinese market.

Mitsubishi Electric will carry industrial TFT LCD screen, between March 20 to 22, held at Shanghai New International Expo Center Hall E1 debut in FPD China 2012 (Booth #: 1477), railways,

banks, shipping , medical, automation and other fields, the display of high brightness, long life and wide temperature range.
    The display product line covers a 6.5-inch to 17.5-inch mainstream size, Mitsubishi Electric\\ s leading technology, developed a series of products to suit industrial applications, from

the brightness, life and wide temperature range, the performance is far better than similar consumption display.
    The brightness of the display of the Mitsubishi Electric Industrial TFT LCD display from 600 to 1,500 cd / ㎡, is only suitable for indoor use of consumer TFT LCD display two to five

times, so in the outdoor or indoor applications. These displays can operate in the case of minus 30 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, only zero to 50 degrees Celsius is far better than

the consumer TFT LCD screen, and thus better able to be used in hot or cold environment. They can work 24 hours a day for 10 years, higher than the consumer products can only be maintained

for a long time operation a few years.
    The market at present, the industrial TFT LCD screen to show two completely different needs. For medical and outdoor equipment manufacturers, their pursuit of high-performance and

highly reliable products; for the financial industry, they need cheap, abundant supply of the display to meet the needs of ATMs and POS machines.
    Mitsubishi Electric (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Deputy General Manager and Chief Minister of semiconductor business Taniguchi Feng Chung said: \"We should be on the market these two needs,

develop suitable products they use, and provide comprehensive maintenance support and services to ensure that customers can rest assured that the long-term use. \"
    In order to meet the needs of the medical field and outdoor equipment, Mitsubishi Electric projected capacitive touch screen technology to produce the screen, even better performance

than the existing applications on the Tablet PC touch screen. Not only has the water resistance, unlike the Tablet PC wet water can not be used. And projected capacitive touch screen is

more durable, and can operate freely in the case of more high or low temperatures.
    Mitsubishi Electric will be projected capacitive touch screen technology into the production of liquid crystal display, plus a glass resin adhesive and semi-reflective half techniques

to enhance the visibility of the display in the sun; ultra-wide viewing angle to display and high-brightness LED backlight, and industrial markets, including automated production,

electronic counters, shipping, ATMs and a variety of instruments, to provide the best accessories.
    The audience at the show, Mitsubishi Electric booth to learn more about the characteristics of the TFT LCD screen, Mitsubishi Electric, field staff will be showing application examples

February 22, the Liberation Daily reported eye significantly with location, the author praised the contribution made by China International Bicycle Exhibition is to create world-class exhibition center city, and fully affirmed and praised China International Bicycle Show, the degree of specialization of the international exhibition more to the higher ".

The article, entitled "build a world-class exhibition center," a text, the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Commerce stressed: 2011 Shanghai exhibition industry exhibition area and quality, has a new improved. Organizing various exhibitions throughout the year a total of 674, 32 more than last year, the total exhibition area of ​​9.53 million square meters, an increase of 18.5 percent over the previous year, show the number and the exhibition area remain first in the country. Named in compliment to make an important contribution to build a world-class exhibition center city 227 international exhibitions in the first China International Bicycle Expo. Praise Chinaplas, wedding exhibition, food additives exhibition of three international exhibitions and three, led by China International Bicycle Exhibition "degree of specialization of the international exhibition more and more" fully affirmed.

This is true.

Since 1990, the annual China International Bicycle Exhibition (referred to as "Exhibition") has been successfully held 21 sessions. From the first exhibition area of ​​1000 square meters, the development of 110,000 square meters in 2011, exhibitors from less than 100 to more than 1,200. The 22nd China International Bicycle Expo held in Shanghai New International Expo Center this year will be held April 26 to 29, although 12 million square meters of ultra-large-scale exhibition can be 6000 booths as early as six months ago it was 1200 The number of domestic and foreign exhibitors snapped up, become a hard to find "the" meat and potatoes. "China Exhibition", each crowded, as if the global bicycle industry event, attracting the eyes of the world bicycle industry professionals, known as the international exhibition scale, the product coverage of the most extensive, professional activities, the most abundant. " one of the three global bike brands show, enjoy the reputation of the world s largest brand Exhibition.

Recently, the desert, Technology and Industry initiatives advocated by the ABB Transformer and other enterprises set up, The Andasol photovoltaic power plants in Spain is part of its plan. It is reported that the PV power plant is the world s largest solar photovoltaic power plant, an area equivalent to 210 football fields. The installation of 600,000 parabolic mirrors, each year to gather 2200 kwh of electricity per square meter.

Throw lens at the focus of the thermal conductivity of liquid to produce steam that drives turbines near when the temperature rises, the electricity generated to meet the needs of 200,000 families in Spain, at the same time, to reduce annual carbon dioxide emissions by 500,000 tons. The solar photovoltaic power plant controlled by ABB transformer software, the input grid of the electricity generated by the ABB Transformer transformer and substation equipment.

After reading this paragraph on the "Night World Expo" the text of the lighting design, there must be a lot of people get goosebumps, blood surging, especially a large number of people engaged in the LED industry. Indeed, talking about the "night of the Expo light, LED light source is indeed contributed seen the major sites in newspapers is not surprising, and even CCTV Oprah one person can" spray "LED vocabulary, we can see today s" LED "fame is no longer old.

However, looking back over the course of development of LED industry in the country for seven years (2003 -2010), to obtain the social visibility and attention, the LED industry, the role of social marketing can not be ignored.

In 2003, when the semiconductor lighting (LED) as a promising scientific and technological projects into the pre-demonstration phase, the LED can be described as very few. The actual situation at the time: there are already some companies doing and LED related to low-end products, and on the market, but we do not know how to make their products more added value, easier sales.

In 2004, a number of strategic vision of the entrepreneurs and science and technology workers around the scientific and technological project of the semiconductor lighting initiative to set up a "National Semiconductor Lighting Project R & D and Industry Alliance (CSA), the use of collective wisdom and strength to do science and technology R & D at the same time, expanding the visibility of the industry.
In 2005, more related businesses and research institutions to find the "organization", volunteers go hand in hand.

2006-2007, "semiconductor lighting" for the first time included in the National Eleventh Five-Year "863 Program", and became the major projects. This time has a "smart business" began to use the concept of "LED" to improve the value of the products.

2008, waving at the U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC), "Intellectual Property stick" vigorously "337" investigation under great pressure, China s LED products show in the Olympic project and the opening ceremony on a beautiful dream of light.

2009, "Ten City, 10000 by the major media has provoked much discussion, praise be it derogatory or" LED lights has given way to 21 cities to remember this industry.

2010, "Shanghai World Expo opening ceremony and park night lighting, again the LED industry pushed a climax.

Features: clip connector provides a quick and economical method for the nozzles and other accessories installed in the piping system. Eliminates car nipple welding, reduce production costs,

the connector body is made by the bar processing, the outlet fitting size can choose. The entrance to the connector can be inserted into the pipeline, the sediment is not easy to enter and

blocking to minimize the degree. Nitrile rubber fastening gasket corrosion, while providing a good seal. Clip nozzles, atomizing nozzle.
The metal clip connector design features:
A clip connector for nozzles and other accessories installed in the piping system to provide fast and economical way. Just drill holes of a specified diameter. Along the pipe sliding clip

buckle connector. And tighten the mounting bolts, and lock in place. This unique design can avoid nipple welded car. Reduce costs, it can also be used to install the nozzle in the branch

pipe thread peeling.
2, the main body of the connector from barstock made of the outlet fitting size can choose.
If the connector is installed, you must uninstall the nozzle, this design prevents the rotation of the connector clip.
4, the entrance of this connector can be inserted into the pipe, not sediment into and blocking to minimize the extent.
NBR fastening the gasket to the ability of most substance is corrosive to provide a good seal

In the afternoon of December 10, 2011, USTC the MBA1005 class mobile classroom for exploring the ABB Transformer evergreen road, into the ABB Hefei Transformer transformer is limited. Led this event by the \"production operation\" Instructor Dr. Yang Feng.

ABB Transformer Group is the world\\ s top 500 enterprises, ABB Hefei Transformer transformer limited the immediate child of the ABB Transformer Group, now in three product business unit, namely: the Ministry of Power Transformer, Distribution Transformer Division, and electrical components products business unit.

MBA students of the Chinese Academy of Sciences visited the ABB Hefei Transformer four workshop, seeing the layout of the workshop product line, listened to the introduction.

Explore the ABB Transformer evergreen Road – Chinese Academy of Sciences the MBA1005 class mobile classroom into the ABB Hefei Transformer

After visiting the production line, the Chinese Academy of Sciences MBA related personnel on the shop floor conference room at the exchange. The two sides to the production process, shop floor management, employment mechanism, parts procurement, exchange their views. Students eager to speak, a lively atmosphere.

Explore the ABB Transformer evergreen Road – Chinese Academy of Sciences the MBA1005 class mobile classroom into the ABB Hefei Transformer

ABB Transformer able to maintain the vigor and vitality to set up 100 years after its evergreen road worthy to study mining, learning MBA. I believe that the following practices in the ABB Transformer is an important factor in maintaining evergreen:

Explore the ABB Transformer evergreen Road – Chinese Academy of Sciences the MBA1005 class mobile classroom into the ABB Hefei Transformer

First of all, ABB transformer is committed to high quality professional road. Its 30 years of quality assurance transformer, ahead of peers, and establish a good brand image.

Second, adhering to the sustainable development strategy, do not pursue excessive development. Maintain a stable investment, even if the market is a very good case, it will not over-development, to avoid the impact of the economic cycle.

Again, the establishment of long-term human resource management systems focus on the development together with the staff. Enterprise human resources system, taking into account the stability and the times to create a large enough platform for staff development.

Explore the ABB Transformer evergreen Road – Chinese Academy of Sciences the MBA1005 class mobile classroom into the ABB Hefei Transformer

In addition, ABB\\ s transformer is committed to good corporate citizen image building. In addition to the focus on employee efforts to create the image of the Best Employers also focus on social development, commitment to social welfare undertakings, and pull into the distance with the Government and the public.

Also, the use of semi-starvation marketing model. To the ABB Transformer orders, will not soon get the goods, delivery of the initiative is usually controlled at the ABB Transformer (even have cash in hand, will find reason to push to close to delivery before delivery), which Unlike many of today\\ s strategy.

Finally, on behalf of the students of Yang thanked the ABB Transformer provides an opportunity to communicate to the Chinese Academy of Sciences MBA, and wished the ABB Transformer future business development in China smoothly, and create more quality products and contributing to society.

Zurich, Switzerland, April 1, 2011 – the world s leading power and automation technology group ABB transformer has announced that will participate in China s State Grid Jinping – the Sunan Te HVDC (UHVDC) construction projects for two of the project Block converter station 800 kV HVDC transformer equipment, the total contract value of $ 165 million.

New Jinping – Sunan Te UHVDC line is responsible for the Yalong River, Sichuan clean water and electricity will be transported to the densely populated region of Jiangsu. ABB Transformer 800 kV converter transformer will support the line to achieve efficient and stable power transmission. The entire line uses the world s highest voltage level 800 kV UHVDC technology leap over 2000 km transmission of 7200 MW capacity power. The line plans to put into operation in 2013.

You Keer said: "UHVDC able to achieve large-scale long-distance transportation of electricity and access to clean, renewable energy, and 800 kV UHVDC transformer equipment is the key to building whole UHVDC line, ABB Transformer Group Power Products business unit is responsible for equipment to the construction of the transformer needs to overcome many challenges, such as the need to enhance the performance of transformer insulation and re-design, casing and other key equipment. ABB transformer and the national grid has maintained good relations of cooperation, which both sides of this cooperation has laid a foundation. "

The national grid is China s leading power companies, construction and operation of the grid for the core business, operating regions covering the country s 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), covering 88% of the land area.

ABB Transformer is in power and automation technology leader in the field among the Global 500 list. ABB Transformer is committed to helping the electric power, public utilities and industrial customers to improve performance while lowering environmental impact. ABB Transformer Group operates in over 100 countries around the world, with 124,000 employees. ABB Transformer in China has a full range of business activities including research and development, manufacturing, sales and engineering services, with 16,300 employees, 30 local businesses and sales and service network throughout the 80 cities across the country.

This a number of reasons, plastics and glass compared with the elasticity is not a severe impact situation downstream of the buffer will not be easily broken, even broken out the damage caused by strong animals, passers-by on the road. In general is: plastic better than glass, good mechanical properties, plasticity, stability of the chemical properties of acid and alkali resistance. And light weight.
Previous cars are using the glass shade, the main reason is then subject to technical limitations, when the plastic intensity of transparency and no way to reach the glass transparency, under the glare that is, high temperature does not reach the deformation does not change color. Plastic lampshade there are ways to achieve the transparency of glass and difficult to change the characteristics of the glass weight was more severe in the plastic
The lampshade weight of a vehicle if the use of glass and even more than 20 kilograms.
There is a plastic cutting shaping than simple glass to glass replaced. Some special car with the kind of tempered glass and even bullet-proof glass
Actually, it can get from our home exactly the same reasons explain the previous ceiling lamp shade are made of glass lampshades now are now plastic shade to replace the main reason is the weight of safety easy to install and car shade glass to change the plastic.

LED (light emitting diode) is a rapid rise in recent years of a low-field electroluminescent semiconductor devices, compared with the traditional car lights (incandescent) LED with energy saving, long life, maintenance-free and explosion-proof easy to control and environmental protection advantages, coupled with the LED unique luminescence characteristics, making the shape of the lamp will not because the long-term heat deformation, thereby increasing the life of the entire unit, therefore, the LED revolution in automotive lighting systems provide a turning point .

 Domestic LED lights application status
    The first LED automotive lighting in 1999 by the Shanghai Automotive Electronics Engineering Center, Shanghai Koito Automotive Lamp Co., Ltd. jointly developed and certified by the Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive Company, Santana high brake lights. Since then, the development of LED lights is very slow, China s accession to the WTO in 2002, a growth spurt in automobile production in 2003, the world s major automobile companies have set up factories in China, China s Chery, Geely and other independent property rights of private enterprises, the rapid rise of the automobile market stimulating the development of China s LED lights. In 2003, we have successfully launched a full set of LED lights in addition to the former according to headlight Buick Regal concept car. Automotive high growth in China slowed down in the second half of 2004, the automotive market competition is fiercer than ever before, new models, new models continue to be introduced to accelerate the development of new LED lights. Shanghai Automotive Electronics Engineering Center and the Shanghai Koito Automotive Lamp Company in 2004 started the development of the 25 LED lights, more than 30 in 2005. Of particular importance is that Toyota, GM and Chery automobile manufacturing companies to the needs of the four models and seven kinds of LED signal lamps, which shows the application of LED in the car has exceeded the high level brake light range, indicates that China The LED signal auto lamps have entered a new phase.

    Familia 2 on behalf of the listed time, LED steering / reversing lights become the highlight of the car is great. Description: Chun Jiang, Shanghai Koito Automotive Lamp Co., Ltd. Electronic Technology Division Chief of the side turn signals, brake lights, brake lights, tail lights have been on the high-end cars in the domestic more applications in the field of LED lights, Koito company focus on the combination headlights, side rear view mirror turn signal, high level brake light fields have been successfully developed for the Cadillac Series, Buick Imperial Toyota MARKX on the LED lighting products; is gradually LED used in the car lighting and other aspects. "

    From the most primitive candle lamps, automotive lamps, development to the widespread use of incandescent, has emerged in recent years new HID lights and LED lights. Since retrofit LED headlight models R8 Audi family first came to light, the international high-end car manufacturers such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Toyota, Ford have introduced a new style sedan with colorful LED lighting to attract customers, especially Japanese automotive LED applications has been quite extensive. It is called life do not need to replace the lamp, car lights, is one of the most dazzling of automotive electronic products.

    Characteristics and classification of LED lights

    LED lights of the main advantages of the following seven:

    One, good color and rich, colorful. The color saturation to 130% full-color, to make the light more clear and soft.

    Second, long life, good shock resistance. The LED is a semiconductor element, incandescent different, there is no glass, tungsten and other vulnerable moving parts, and failure is very low, maintenance-free.

    Lit without delay, and fast response time. LED start-up time is only tens of nanoseconds, start-up time than incandescent bulbs greatly shorten the reaction time, thus left to the driver.

    Fourth, high efficiency, low power consumption. The color filter of the LED light sources do not need to be able to directly produce automotive lighting needs such as red, amber color, no loss of energy utilization up to 80%.

    Five, small size and light weight. Its characteristics can be designed thin and light, and compact style lamps, car design space.

    Six, green lighting. LED spectrum color is good, no extra such as infrared, ultraviolet spectroscopy, mercury-containing hazardous substances, heat, radiation rarely.

    Single flux LED. The level of single-flux LED up to 120lm / W, the product level ≤ 60lm / W, and high-power LED tend to increase the size of a large heat sink, so the LED light source commonly used design method of the LED array.